| 词汇 | keiretsu |
| 释义 | keiretsu noun[ C or U ] uk /keɪˈretsuː/uspluralkeiretsu FINANCE, WORKPLACE in Japan, a group of companies that are closely connected, for example because they own shares in each other, and that work together to develop and protect each other's business: As the biggest owners of cross-holdings of shares, the banks sit at the centre of most keiretsu. U.S. automakers are at a disadvantage in Japan because of strong keiretsu business ties which tend to limit dealerships to selling only one brand. Examples of keiretsukeiretsu All three predecessors were major financial institutions in their own right and had served as cornerstones of major zaibatsu (prewar era) and keiretsu (postwar era). From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The major "keiretsu" were each centered around one bank, which lent money to the "keiretsu's" member companies and held equity positions in the companies. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Where possible, "keiretsu" companies would also supply one another, making the alliances vertically integrated as well. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. There are two types of "keiretsu": vertical and horizontal. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The banks at the top are not as large as normally required, so it is actually considered to be more horizontally integrated than other "keiretsu". From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Generally, these groups exhibit more top-down management, centralized control or (in the case of airline alliances) looser equity ownership connections than do true "keiretsu". From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Product diversification became an essential ingredient of the growth patterns of many keiretsu. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. While the keiretsu still exist, they are not as centralized or integrated as they were before the 1990s. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Horizontal "keiretsu" may also have vertical relationships, called branches. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Where possible, "keiretsu" companies would also supply one another, making the alliances vertically integrated, as well. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Each central bank had great control over the companies in the "keiretsu" and acted as a monitoring entity and as an emergency bail-out entity. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Each bank had great control over the companies in the "keiretsu" and acted as a monitoring and emergency bail-out entity. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Cross-shareholding are an essential feature of keiretsu and chaebol groups. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. A keiretsu is one type of business group. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Industries such as banking, insurance, steel, trading, manufacturing, electric, gas and chemicals are all part of the horizontal "keiretsu" web. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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