| 词汇 | example_english_patron |
| 释义 | Examples of patronThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. Poems which show no trace of a late composition, however, are also deeply sceptical of wealthy patrons. Still, in this poem she is examining a condition into which she would enter by seeking patrons for her verse. From the 1880s he moved among the patrons of the arts as well as the practitioners. Such events see the patron's own sensibilities meander through very different architectural cultures. Here again the house was refined to express his patron's nobility. Small wonder that even his usual patrons showed little interest in the conversations. Of course, not everyone had access to such powerful patrons, so it is no surprise that only the most famous musicians could skip the broker. Their ability to impose the constraints and obligations of reciprocity upon their patrons considerably weakened. Are people in moving rooms, patrons of the cinema, and users of virtual reality devices really fooled? The ambiguous warmth of patronage existed uneasily with the profound desire to become patrons. They encouraged them to chat and flirt with patrons and to behave like a girlfriend. They emerged as eager patrons of medical learning. At lower levels, where economic surpluses are produced, individuals resist patrons as far as they are able without breaking the bonds of patronage. He provided schools, housing, social and medical benefits to his workers and encouraged other patrons to follow suit. The canons, she reminds us, had their own legal rights and their own network of patrons. As the brewing and live music industries gradually came together, bands were always suspicious about the degree of control their patrons could obtain. The patrons and clients frequently changed with each government, but the reciprocal relationship between the two parties was maintained. The artists depended upon patronage from bishops or priests or from sympathetic architects, who were still answerable to their clerical patrons. Most of his patrons from the higher bureaucracy, aristocracy, and royalty were gone forever. Tracing connections between patrons, benefices and clerks is made easy through the extensive indices and cross-references. Protecting patrons and bathers from transmissible illnesses such as cryptosporidiosis is in the interest of both pool management and public health. As party politics was introduced in 1951, a new set of patrons also emerged. Medical men, clergy, professionals and traders were prominent with various members of the aristocracy, gentry and clergy being enrolled as vice-presidents and patrons. When questions ask for patrons to explain their reactions to a particular theatregoing experience, these are stated in general terms ('rate the production/experience'). Space is almost always given in the surveys for individual comments, but often patrons choose not to use this. A taxi dancer is a professional dance partner, employed by a dancehall or nightclub to dance with patrons who pay a fee for each dance. In fact, far from dividing the movement of patrons coiffeurs syndiques, the campaign to organise employers for the famille prqfessionnelle paid real dividends. Both aspects come together in his work as an architect, in which he aspired in particular to express the character of his patrons. At the same time their roles as great patrons of piety gave them added religious strength and authority. There was an added finesse when two or more patrons favoured the appointment of a particular man. In this case, however, eponymy was tied to the patron's (not the discoverer's) name. The next chapter documents the translators, authors, and patrons who made possible the growing body of works that were written between the 1630s and 1730s. Landowners joined in as patrons of voluntary societies. They were patrons of academic colleges, hospitals, chantries, wielding large sums of money and the ability to mould institutions in to the future. In the richest communities in particular, life revolved around private cells, bought or built by families and patrons. They rely upon employers or neighbourhood patrons for loans, their purchases largely limited to what can be bought locally and consisting mostly of subsistence items. Once it was clear - as it was by 1617, and especially by 1621 - that ministers might be justices, patrons doubtless made their approaches. As patrons, the nuns invested the capital, and named students of theology preparing for the priesthood, preferably relatives of the founders, as chaplains. The choice of an arboretum gave these public parks a distinctive character that was appreciated by founders, patrons and visitors. Caricaturists and satirists appealed to their patrons, mocking the stylish servant, the well-dressed sailor, the respectable shopkeeper. Who were the patrons responsible for entertaining this institutional support and what motivated them? In the 1990s, with economic liberalization, various economic actors were grabbing economic rents from as many patrons as possible. Artisans and their patrons seeking to expand on a regional tradition used the highest-quality sources. In fact, patrons necessarily had to be able to wear both unof®cial and of®cial hats in order for the process to function. Concerned about harmful effects on young people, they banned students from dance halls and required patrons to write their names in a visitor's book. In this way he designed his buildings not for his patrons alone but for an audience, much as he wrote his plays for one. In his advocacy, we see the subject-citizen's desire to end what was left of the arbitrary and unchecked discretion of headmen and patrons. As a result, they had to depend more than most workers on their jobbers and other neighbourhood patrons. To sustain these strikes, workers had to persuade and cajole, manipulate and coerce to their side, the sundry patrons and power brokers of the neighbourhood. Indeed, you could write a very persuasive history of the arts based on the influence of patrons on the process. Each event played to large audiences of patrons who customarily would not attend any sort of gallery. Influential groups (' clients') who already had access to water at a low cost resisted tariff hikes that could be controlled by politicians (' patrons'). By means of such asymmetrical, vertical forms of personal dependence, sizeable networks of patrons and clients could come into existence. Thus, theatres choose to omit probing questions from their surveys and as a result fail to gather important information about their patrons. Others simply sought general information about their patrons and concentrated on audience reactions to issues of accessibility, convenience, and price. In a neopatrimonial system, patrons are typically office-holders in state institutions who misuse public funds or office in order to stay in power. The dedicatory epistle was often used as a vehicle to express gratitude to past or present patrons while expressing hope for continued favour. We can assign names for three of the entities necessary: patrons, poet and artist. The number of patrons who belonged to trade unions rose by perhaps twenty per cent during the war, to 30,000 - about half the total. He was much more forthcoming with patrons and courtiers. Irregular funding and the death of its first patrons kept the press from meeting its ambitious publishing agenda. Still, it is observable that villagers (or clients) visited local political officials (their patrons) on the two levels of the political system closest to them. An equally important factor was the persistent failure of the federal government to check the activities of the vigilantes or their political patrons. When the hypothetical worker-poet falls in love with "a fine leddy," his former patrons cast him off for his presumption (78; ch. 7). Immigrant and working-class patrons largely supplied vaudeville with talent and audiences. There were at least two others whom he regarded as his particular patrons. Leading aristocratic patrons, however, pulled out of the festival or set up rival associations to produce their own version of the ceremonies. Furthermore, protecting the sources of that information, in conjunction with the overall conditions of scarcity, helped patrons to justify their personalised interventions into bureaucratic processes. The issue of market centred on the very limited tastes of clerical patrons. Far from corrupting philosophy, the presence of commercial patrons demonstrated the new philosophy's vitality. The consumption of balloons proved even more appealing, perhaps, because established scientific patrons and institutions did little to support this new invention. Interactions between favelas and politicians go beyond the direct give and take among patrons, clients and brokers envisioned in writing on clientelism. Many surveys simply do not explore 'how' patrons attend the theatre - in other words, the semiotic relationship between theatregoers and the theatregoing experience. The patrons' own syndicates also continued to function. However, even then, he and his colleagues would have needed the support and protection patrons can render. Second, less applicable in this case but closely related, clients could provide patrons with accurate information about their institutional surroundings. First, we should signal those who were not patrons - the trades or mestieri of the city. In this instance, too, the patrons themselves took part, and so at least some of the performers are known. The extent to which these patrons challenged the skills of their eulogists, however, should not be minimized. Table 2 analyses the patrons : as is to be expected the king predominates. Eventually, the dynastic saints became national patrons who could be turned against the dynasties themselves. The act simply required separate railroad passenger cars for black and white patrons travelling first class. They also highlighted the role of the guilds as patrons of art and sources of funding for the architectural embellishment of the city. Many also acted as cultural patrons, as nearly every chapter in this volume emphasizes. Such patrons, he knew, were susceptible to sensation if not to qualities of the kind he prized most. Second, by what further steps did singers move away from dependence on patrons and come to run their careers almost wholly through a free market? He would humbly request the patron's friendship and protection. Of course, patrons (as chiefs/babaogun) no longer had to prove their worth on the battlefield. Clientelism, however, subjects regional patrons to one-size-fits-all policies in expenditure and revenue assignment, and limits the possibilities for competition, experimentation and innovation between regional governments. The wealthy became village or town patrons and acquired social status. The patrons of our institute are not far to seek. We are, after all, patrons of a kind, and as intellectuals and wealthy foreigners we invariably possess the dominant role in the relationship. In part, the distinction at public houses was simply a question of affordability, which led to different patrons being catered for. The women's activities also recalled his participation in a past prosperity brought about by the coffee plantation patrons. First, it underlines the importance to music professionals of establishing their authority in the eyes of politically powerful potential patrons. In many cases stores were attacked by their regular clientele, destroying any sense of neighbourhood solidarities between patrons and the shop proprietor. The great mass of coiffeurs, however, operated in a saturated market, which inevitably worked, despite the repeated efforts of patrons and ouvriers, to depress prices. Our findings simply suggest that entrepreneurs (and for that matter members and patrons) are affected by ecological constraints. His only chance for influence now was to work for patrons or powerful influence groups. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
反思网英语在线翻译词典收录了377474条英语词汇在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用英语词汇的中英文双语翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。