| 词汇 | example_english_egoism |
| 释义 | Examples of egoismThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. How could anything so infuriatingly nebulous possibly elucidate egoism or altruism? This is a telling criticism only if we confuse the age-old debate about psychological egoism with the argument over evolutionary biology. Some were genuine, but the pettybourgeois egoism of others, their refusal to engage in real struggles, irritated the master. The perspective of rational egoism proves highly useful for criticizing oppressive commitments. Luckily, we do not have to choose between these two dismal options, of rational egoism or commitment to an unjust form of group agency. Importantly, these internal mechanisms are directly relevant to the egoism-altruism debate. The traditional selfish egoism assumption of rational choice requires dilemmas to be solved by either adding some likely punishment to defection or reward to co-operation. It encouraged ' egoism ', the ' dissolvant of each society ', and prevented public spiritedness. He identifies three different principles regarding utility maximization: descriptive (psychological egoism), normative (instrumental rationality), and definitional. To the extent that it does appear to exist, should it be regarded as a covert form of egoism? Of course, egoism, as a matter of the history of the discipline, is an ethical theory and, indeed, an important one. The same point, however, cannot be made about the cognitions that egoism produces. The reestablishment of internal mechanisms enlightens answers to critical questions surrounding the egoism-altruism debate. Loving woman is thus an act of egoism and cruelty which, in idealising her, fails to recognise her true nature. We think it would be unfortunate if stipulatively defining egoism or altruism in behavioristic terms were to hamstring scientific research into its mentalistic aspects. The question, then, is whether one can understand egoism as a rational procedure that produces cognitions of the same sort. He did not think acceptance of this thesis was necessary for taking egoism as a method of ethics. Consequently, he could not argue for egoism as the method that completes and systematizes common-sense morality with the same certainty as he expresses in making that argument for utilitarianism. Well, it is not mindless political or communal loyalty, and it is not absolute egoism - these notions seem to be invented by the competing schools of thought. His examination is partial and prejudiced (in a non-pejorative sense), since it relies on a previous judgement that the supreme principles are universalistic hedonism (utilitarianism) and hedonistic egoism. Just as his formulation of intuitionism depends on his aim of reconciling intuitionism with utilitarianism, his formulation of egoism depends on his aim of generating a conflict with utilitarianism. Rewards for individual service led to egoism. Now, assuming egoism is what underlies insurance, each person would prefer to pool her own risks with those of people who are less at risk than herself. But one has no choice whether harmony among persons, or friendship, is a basic good, intrinsic to human flourishing; nor about whether harmony is blocked, and friendship negated, by egoism. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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