| 词汇 | example_english_crystal |
| 释义 | Examples of crystalThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. Alteration is variable: absent in many crystals, in others producing dense sericite aggregates which may show some recrystallization effects to produce coarser-grained white mica. The tridymite crystals are rectangular or wedge-shaped and are sometimes arranged in aggregates. In addition, haloarchaeal cells were embedded within salt crystals under laboratory conditions and subsequently analysed by light microscopy. The white clouds (usually sparse) were also widely regarded as being composed of tiny crystals of water ice, rather like cirrus in our atmosphere. They are found in evaporite salt lakes and can be trapped in salt crystals during evaporation. Therefore, the cells (organelles and membranes) are destroyed mechanically by ice crystals, leading to death through cell lysis. The crystals were used in the first or second orders of reflection. In our 8xperiments, the crystals were cubes with a base area of 8 e mm. Vibration-assisted intermolecular hydrogen tunneling in photoreactive doped molecular crystals : effect of temperature and pressure. We say the chain topology in the high w region acts as the proverbial ' scratch-on-theglass ' needed in the organic chemistry laboratory to make crystals. Constant-pressure and temperature molecular-dynamics simulations of crystals of the lecithin fragments - glycerylphosphorylcholine and dilauroylglycerol. In addition to these, dust particles have been observed in low-temperature plasmas, like those used in plasma processing and plasma crystals. The final part of the book focuses on peculiarities of strongly coupled dusty plasmas, such as the formation of dust crystals and associated attractive forces. Complete characterization of damage threshold in titanium doped sapphire crystals with nanosecond, picosecond, and femtosecond laser pulses. Unbroken crystals are euhedral; rounded, or more irregular, primary morphologies were not observed. Moreover, the rate of melt expulsion is inversely related to the fraction of crystals in the melt and to the melt's viscosity. A later submergence of the dissolved planes led to the infill of the potholes by thin layers of growth-aligned crystals. The clinopyroxene forms neutral to pale brown, subhedral to anhedral crystals, occasionally containing inclusions of plagioclase microlaths and opaque phases. The most silicic part of the layers contain 2 to 11 % crystals, mostly plagioclase and some fayalitic olivine. Euhedral concentric zoning is common in most crystals. Plagioclase crystals are subhedral, and large crystals have fluid inclusions. In these first five zones, some crystals, mainly feldspars, are visible in hand specimen. The ion microprobe method is capable of dating 10-30 m sized domains within single zircon crystals. During crystallization of the orbicules, no mechanical transport of crystals out of the system can be proved. The newly crystallized quartz grains are characterized by elongate crystals oriented oblique to the shear band margins, defining a typical grain-shape foliation. Small spiky crystals were observed growing on the base of the tank about 30 min later. Vigorous compositional convection from the growth of the basal crystals can also be seen. A mushy layer is a region of mixed phase comprising a matrix of solid, dendritic crystals with fluid-filled interstices. The presence of quartz-filled microcracks in feldspar crystals suggests that deformation continued during cooling and crystallization. Like other phenocryst phases, plagioclase occurs as euhedral to subhedral prismatic to tabular crystals. In such cases, scattered plagioclase crystals occur in the gabbro close to the enclaves. The two pyroxenes form discrete crystals as well as lamellar, drop-like or more irregular intergrowths with each other. The volcaniclastic siltstone is composed of crystals (olivine, pyroxene, quartz), glass (globules and irregularly shaped shards) and rock fragments. The prolate versus oblate strain regimes recorded by enclaves and crystals, respectively, may be explained by the following. Chapter 5 describes imperfections in crystals: point defects, dislocations, stacking faults, and the like. Tiny grains of zircon are found as an accessory mineral within plagioclase crystals in most zones of both layers. The plasma crystals show a fascinating range of physical phenomena making them suitable model systems for fundamental physics research. The very fine, 'pine-tree ' structure of the dendritic crystals evolved into angular crystals with planar surfaces. All that you can legally do now is pick up crystals lying on the ground. Very coarse-grained (crystals up to a decimetre in size) pegmatoid bodies occur within the leucogabbro. In porphyritic varieties, this mineral occurs as crystals several centimetres in size in addition to matrix plagioclase. However, the degree of separation depends on kinetic factors governed by viscosity, size of crystals and density contrast. The distribution of crystals within the bulk rock is relatively homogeneous. Most glaucophane crystals are broken at crenulation hinges or boudinaged, and biotite grows in boudin necks. Only well-defined zones were measured, to minimize the effects of random intersections through the crystals. Sparse crystals of quartz are found with the feldspar. The degree of sericitization of the plagioclase is still high but markedly lower than in the core and even almost fresh crystals occur. Sporadic zircon crystals reach up to a millimetre in length. The age scatter among the individual crystals may reflect incorporation of xenocrysts from earlier magmatic pulses or protoliths. Channeling and related effects in the motion of charged par ticles through crystals. Elastic lattice deformation due to the shock compression and shock-wave propagation inside the crystals was directly observed. In the sixth zone, an abrupt change to greyish pumice is encountered, and no crystals are seen. We assume that the volume fraction of crystals upon bubble nucleation is sufficiently high that the bubbles are prevented from subsequent buoyant motion. The newly formed material (osteoid) is rapidly converted into hard bone matrix by the deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals between the closely packed collagen fibres (mineralization). In the melatroctolite, plagioclase forms unzoned laths, whereas in the gabbro it forms intercumulus aggregates of weakly zoned crystals. The first four papers are principally concerned with the mathematical modelling of nematic and smectic liquid crystals. The solid forms a mushy layer of dendritic crystals, the interstices of which accommodate the residual fluid. The formation of a completely solid layer results, which extends from the cooling plate down to a mushy zone of dendritic crystals and interstitial melt. Near the top of the solid, in the region through which the dendritic mushy layer passed, long, regular, vertically aligned crystals can be seen. The shade indicates that the fraction of crystals decreases from the cooled boundary. To check on the uniformity of the velocity profile in the tank, small potassium permanganate crystals were dropped into the rotating liquid. As the strain increases, feldspar phenocrysts become lensoid with biotite crystals wrapped around them. In contrast to the glycocalyx, snow crystals have little or no rebound. All of the analysed crystals in this sample are detrital with varying provenance ages. The feldspars and quartz are completely recrystallized, as shown by the presence of triple junctions at the edges of the crystals. Plagioclase crystals are in the course of being replaced by sericite and calcite. The studied fluid inclusions were located only in the amethyst crystals. Interbedded shale and coal facies contain occasional desiccation cracks and locally gypsum crystals. The degree of quartz recrystallization is variable, and is most intense between feldspar crystals. The mineral lamination in question comprises a variably well-developed planar fabric defined by the tabular plagioclase crystals. Secondary mineral replacements within the crystals are common along the margins of the grains or along the twin planes. Olivine crystals can be identified in a few samples as relict pseudomorphs, partially replaced by chlorite and clay minerals. Crystals are of similar size as in the silicic part, but in some zones no crystals were found. Late-stage epidote and quartz veining are common and can contain hornblende or iron oxide crystals. Most crystals are 150-250 m in size and typically prismatic. Smaller crystals are generally equant, bipyramidal to stubby prismatic, whereas larger crystals are generally long prismatic (aspect ratios up to 8). Figure 3 shows the location of the analytical spots and the resulting ages within 13 representative crystals. Fifty-four crystals were analysed, ten of them in several places, resulting in 65 analyses. The colour of the gypsum is normally greyish, and in-hand specimens of the gypsum contain large and clearly visible crystals. The samples of saponite and montmorillonite were fine powders, the others were all single crystals. In the absence of the latter, crystals were poorly formed and colourless. We can take spectra from single crystals, powders or thin sections. Interestingly, a third of these single crystals were obtained with ammonium sulphate, whereas chloride and acetate were rarely successful. Generally, this is because equilibration to higher cryoprotectant concentrations requires additional experimental effort and, in any event, may be damaging to the crystals. Also, flash-cooled crystals are much less prone to radiation damage than their room-temperature counterparts, allowing data to be accumulated over extended periods of time. Although crystals of intermediate filament chains or molecular fragments have remained frustratingly elusive some real progress has been made in recent months. In addition, dust particles have been observed in low-temperature plasmas, similar to those used in plasma processing and plasma crystals. The important thing is that they should be non-invasive: in other words, play music rather than leave crystals. In enamel these crystals are very closely and beautifully packed together so as to constitute 99 per cent by volume of the material. In his clear northern flesh and his fair hair was a glisten like sunshine refracted through crystals of ice. The dissolution and precipitation of crystals in porous media have been studied also in and. Wobbling mappings occur in many real-world situations: rounding in numerical analysis, image processing, distortion of crystals, and earthquakes are typical examples. If the protein is not there, it cannot start to go wrong and form crystals and damage cells. There are no special pigments or mineral crystals. In addition to allowing larger crystals to be grown, a microgravity environment would also significantly reduce the magnitude of convection induced by buoyancy forces. The dendritic crystals in the mushy layer became faceted a few hours after the start of each experiment. Evidence for photosynthetic activity within sulphate crystals is therefore interesting as a habitat that could be widespread on other planets. What might be behind all our observations: minerals can replicate crystals. The mechanisms by which magnetotactic bacteria synthesize intracellular chains of membrane-bound magnetite crystals (magnetosomes) are poorly understood. The synthesis of single-domain magnetite crystals by numerous species raises the possibility that similar, conserved genes may control these biomineralization processes. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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