Examples of silviculture

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On average, the environment and silviculture intensity are generally comparable during this period.
In addition, this study does not analyse the impact of economic reforms on the change in investment behaviour in silviculture.
Administration costs associated with silviculture cannot be separately categorized, and even the total administration costs for silviculture are only available for 1986.
In summary, we have three outputs: afforestation area, reforestation area, and junior-forest tending area, and one input: total expense in silviculture.
It seems clear that natural regeneration in logged forest should be assisted through silviculture.
The first most distinguishable reform has been the division between silviculture, logging and wood processing.
Some of the gains from decentralization and privatization of silviculture have been lost by new emerging problems.
We were usually able to obtain only the total amount of expenses in silviculture.
Other activities, such as roads and facilities for silviculture purposes, are not included.
However, the environment (which can be viewed as inputs), and silviculture intensity (which can be viewed as outputs), are difficult to measure.
Its success has also promoted its popularity in silviculture.
Because these costs are not directly related to silviculture, they are deducted from the total silvicultural investment.
Silviculture, like farming, is also seasonal and random, providing the conditions that generate moral hazard.
Researchers suggest the possibility of incorporating one or more high-value timber species within a sandalwood silviculture system to act as long-term hosts for sandalwood.
In addition, the market will help farmers easily liquidate the output and greatly ease the risk of long-term investment and the uncertainty associated with silviculture.
Since the cost of labour is a major cost of silviculture and consumer goods is the major cost of labour, the consumer price index is used as a deflator.
If the development of silviculture in birch woodlands reduces grazing or intensifies grazing in woodlands not managed for timber production, this could have deleterious effects on invertebrate communities.
The increasing pressure on the forestry industry to meet this demand will require more sophisticated methods of pest control coupled with more sustainable methods of silviculture.
Hu (1985) argued that the deteriorated status of the forest is not due to less investment, but to less effectiveness in silviculture.
The changes in wages and worker skills,7 technology development in silviculture, tree species, seedlings, and even the natural environment can all contribute to efficiency gains.

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