词汇 | pupa |
释义 | pupa noun[ C ] uk /ˈpjuː.pə/ us /ˈpjuː.pə/pluralpupaeuk /ˈpjuː.piː/ us /ˈpjuː.piː/ an insect in the stage of development after it has been a larva and before it becomes an adult, during which it is contained in and protected by a hard covering and does not move: 蛹 a moth pupa蛾蛹 mosquito pupae蚊蛹 Compare chrysalis larva Mathisa_s/iStock/Getty Images Plus/GettyImages In ground beetles, a complete life cycle from egg to larva to pupa to adult takes one year. Fireflies survive in soil through the winter, turn into pupae in spring, then emerge in summer as winged adults. She monitors the butterflies as they emerge from their pupae. The picture shows a pupa case, where caterpillars transform themselves into moths. The development & parts of insects antenna caterpillar chrysalis cocoon eclose eclosion feeler grub larva larval maggot nit nymph proboscis royal jelly silkworm tegmen thoracic venation worm Related wordpupal Examples of pupapupa Each counting area was 1 cm2 and all whitefly eggs and pupae within the area were counted. Critical stages of mortality were egg and larva during the rainy season and larva and pupae during the dry season. The ability to store male pupae for some time before emergence and irradiation provides a useful degree of flexibility in operational programmes. The glass jars were placed in an environmental growth chamber maintained under the same conditions as described for pupae, and held until adult emergence. Up to eight weeks after treatment, no pupae were recorded in any of the three treatments. The independence of site and depth for combined counts of prepupae and pupae from each spring-summer period at each site was tested by log-linear analysis. The figures in parentheses represent the predicted or observed number of day-degrees accumulated by larvae/ pupae since the start of the investigation. Thus, if pupae are found near the crown of trees, the standardized cocoon height value should be close to one. Three days after the emergence of new adults, the total number of pupae and empty pupal cases on all leaves of every plant were recorded. The aggressive reaction by residents decreases rapidly allowing parasites to break open opercula and extract larvae and pupae without disturbance. These had high variances but there was no evidence of any difference between the survival probabilities of male and female pupae. The number of predators surviving at the end of experiment and their transformation into subsequent-instar larvae or encased pupae (for sciomyzid larvae) were also considered. Successive seasons are linked through the surviving number of over-wintering larvae or pupae or, in the case of pink bollworm, individuals emerging from diapause. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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