pallial
Despite the differences, the pallium also lets birds carry out many impressive mental tasks.
The reptilian pallium has a three-layered cortex.

SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

The brain & nervous system
abducens nerve
abducent nerve
accessory nerve
alexithymia
allism
glossopharyngeal nerve
grey matter
hemispheric
hemispherical
hindbrain
neurofibrillary
neurogenic
neurogenically
neuroglia
neuroglial
reticular formation
rhinencephalon
rhombencephalon
right brain
right-brained

palliumnoun[C usually singular] (PRIEST'S CLOTHING)

religion specialized
a band of cloth worn over the shoulders of the most important priests in the Catholic church :
The archbishop has the pallium and the power to consecrate bishops.
The pope dispatched two pallia in June 634.
In 1095, Anselm received the pallium from the papal legate at Canterbury.
Atser, first archbishop of Lund, seems to have secured his pallium in 1103.
In 1061 he went to Rome on the king's business and for his pallium, but was denied it.

Examples of pallium

pallium
However, different homology hypotheses may imply specific mechanisms of dorsalization (tangential migration, change of identity of ventral pallial cells, or expansion of the dorsal pallium).
Therefore, the confluence of lemnothalamic and collothalamic pathways in the dorsal pallium is not an innovation of mammalian brains, as postulated in the target article.
Another interesting aspect in isocortical evolution is the correlation between an enlargement in the dorsal pallium and a parallel enlargement in the dorsal thalamus.
The development of visualolfactory associative networks involving the hippocampus may have a favored selection of an expanded dorsal pallium.
In this case, the most likely candidate for homology with the isocortex is the reptilian dorsal cortex, which derives from the dorsal pallium.
This may indeed represent one of the events that triggered the great development of the dorsal pallium and associated structures in the mammalian radiation.
The exclusive presence of a six-layered cortex in the dorsal pallium of mammals and its enormous expansion during evolution has long intrigued many scientists.
Thus, alterations in different genes have distinct effects on the pallium, which may help to explain the different models found in vertebrates.
First, the dorsal pallium of stem amniotes acquired sensory inputs from the dorsal thalamus (and descending motor projections).
Because the visual cortices of synapsids and sauropsids derive from different portions of the dorsal pallium, they cannot be homologous as visual cortices.
This model requires an invasion of collothalamic projections into the lateral part of the dorsal pallium.
We are certainly in agreement with these proposals, especially considering that these associative networks may have been widespread in the early mammalian dorsal pallium.
The dorsal thalamus projects bilaterally to the medial pallium and receives an ipsilateral reciprocal projection back from it.
As discussed in the target article such a tangential migration, if it exists, might be a consequence of a dorsalizing influence over the ventral pallium.
The small dorsal pallium in amphibians is likely to be homologous to the dorsal cortex of reptiles and the hyperpallium of birds.
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