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词汇 back
释义 back
adverb
uk /bæk/ us /bæk/

backadverb (RETURN)


B2
in, into, or towards a previous place or condition, or an earlier time: 在原处;回到原处;恢复原状;返回;回到以前
look backHe looked back and saw they were following him.他向后看了看,发现他们正跟着他。
put something backWhen you take the scissors, remember to put them back.剪刀用完后记着要放回去。
bring something backLooking at her old photographs brought back (= made her remember) a lot of memories.看着以前的照片,她想起了许多往事。
He left a note saying "Gone out. Back soon."他留了张便条,上面写着“出去一下,马上回来”。
be backShe went to Brazil for two years, but now she's back.她去巴西呆了两年,现在回来了。
I was woken by a thunderstorm, and I couldn't get back to sleep (= could not sleep again).我被雷雨惊醒后,再也无法入睡。
The last time we saw Lowell was back (= at an earlier time) in January.我们最后一次见到洛厄尔是早在1月的时候。
date back toThis tradition dates back to the 16th century.这个传统可追溯到16世纪。
A2
in return: 作为回报
If he hits me, I'll hit him back.如果他打我,我就要还手。
You're not just going to let her say those things about you without fighting back, are you?她那样说你,你不会就此算了吧?
A2
in reply: 作为回答
I'm busy at the moment - can I call you back?我现在很忙——我回头给你打过去好吗?
I wrote to Donna several months ago, but she hasn't written back yet.我几个月前给唐娜写过信,但她还没有回信。
used about watching something that has been recorded, especially after experiencing it in real life:
watch something backI haven't watched the race back on video and I think I never will.
view something backIt is a good idea to record the conversation, then the customer can view it back at his or her convenience.
When I saw the tackle back on video, it was clear that a penalty should have been given.
After the trip, it was nice getting back to a few home comforts.旅行后,回来享受家里舒适的生活真是惬意。
She thinks he'll come back, but she's deceiving herself.她认为他会回来,实际上她是在自欺欺人。
That's enough, Peter. Give those toys back, please.够了,彼得。把那些玩具还回去,听话。
I think I locked the door but I'll go back and check just to make sure.我想我把门锁上了,但还是要回去检查确认一下。
When I look back I can see where we went wrong.回过头来看,我可以看出我们错在哪里。
Will you put the books back when you've finished with them?你看完书把它们放回原处好吗?
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Backwards, sideways and back and forth
anticlockwise
aside
back and forthidiom
back to frontphrase
backward
backwardly
hither and thitheridiom
laterad
lateral
laterally
libration
reverse
round
saw
stand
step
step aside
swept-back
take someone aside
there and backidiom

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:


Returning to a place
Revenge and vengefulness
Answering & responding
Starting again

backadverb (FURTHER AWAY)


B2
further away in distance: 向后;远离
If we push the table back against the wall, we'll have more room.如果把桌子往后推,靠着墙,就会腾出更多的空间。
"Keep back!" he shouted, "Don't come any closer!"“退后!”他大叫着,“不要再靠近了!”
He sat back on the sofa.他向后靠坐在沙发上。
She threw back her head and laughed uproariously.她仰起头,大笑不止。
back fromThe house is set back from the street.那座房子远离公路。
Thesaurus: synonyms, antonyms, and examples

in the opposite to a forward direction
backwardsUKThe dog growled and I took a step backwards.
backHe leant back on the sofa.
in reverseI put the car in reverse.
the wrong way aroundThe batteries are in the wrong way around.
back to frontUKHe always wears his baseball cap back to front.
Please stand back - then all of you will be able to see what I'm doing.请往后站——这样你们就都能看清我的动作了。
The line of traffic stretched back several miles.
Could you stand back from these shelves and tell me if they're level?
Our house is set back from the road.我们的房子离公路有一定的距离。
As the body was carried through the crowd, people drew back respectfully.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Backwards, sideways and back and forth
anticlockwise
aside
back and forthidiom
back to frontphrase
backward
backwardly
hither and thitheridiom
laterad
lateral
laterally
libration
reverse
round
saw
stand
step
step aside
swept-back
take someone aside
there and backidiom

Grammar



Back
Back is an adverb, noun, adjective or verb. …

Back as an adverb
[taking a photograph] …

Back as a noun


Back as an adjective


Back as a verb
[talking about a pet dog] …

Idioms


back and forth
back in the day
back then
back to square one
back
noun[ C ]
uk /bæk/ us /bæk/

backnoun[C] (FURTHEST PART)


A2
the inside or outside part of an object, vehicle, building, etc. that is furthest from the front: 后面;后部;背面
out the backTed was out the back.
round the backIf there's no reply at the front door, come round the back.如果前门没人应答,就去后门。
He jotted her name down on the back of an envelope.他在信封背面匆匆记下了她的名字。
I found my tennis racket at the back of the cupboard.我在衣柜的最里边找到了我的网球拍。
We sat at the back of the bus.我们坐在公共汽车的后部。
Our seats were right at the back of the auditorium.我们的座位正好就在剧院的后排。
There is a beautiful garden at the back of (= behind) the house.房后有个漂亮的花园。
He put his jacket on the back of his chair (= the part of the chair that you put your back against when you sit on it).他把夹克搭在椅背上。
 back to back
close together and facing in opposite directions: 背靠背的
The office was full of computers, and we had to sit back to back in long rows.办公室里摆满了电脑,我们只好背靠背坐着,排成长排。
happening one after another, without interruption: 连续的,一个接一个的
Coming up after the break, three Rolling Stones classics back to back.短暂休息过后,接下来是3首滚石乐队经典歌曲连放。
 back to frontC2UK(USbackwards)
with the back part of something where the front should be: 前后倒置
You've put your jumper on back to front.你的套头衫前后穿反了。
 the back of your hand
the side of your hand that has hair growing on it: 手背
He kissed the back of her hand.
I always keep a tool set in the back of my car.我一直都在汽车的后备箱内放着一套工具。
She lay on the grass and the stiff dry grass prickled the back of her legs.她躺在草地上,干硬的草轻轻扎着她的双腿。
The previous owner of the house had built an extension on the back.这所房子以前的主人对房子后部进行了扩建。
I found her kneeling in prayer at the back of the church.我发现她正跪在教堂后面祈祷。
The keyboard plugs in at the back of the computer.键盘接在计算机背后。
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Surfaces of objects
-backed
base
bases
bed
bottom
crust
dorsiventral
flank
floor
front
lateral
mammillated
meniscus
multi-sided
nap
obverse
outside
overlay
substrate
ventral

backnoun[C] (BODY PART)


A2
the part of your body that is opposite to the front, from your shoulders to your bottom: 背部,后背
on your backHe lay on his back, staring at the ceiling.他仰面躺着,眼睛盯着天花板。
turn your backI turned my back while she dressed.她穿衣服时我转过身去。
I have a bad back.我背疼。
Sleeping on a bed that is too soft can be bad for your back.睡太软的床会对背部有害。
 
fizkes/iStock/Getty Images Plus/GettyImages
 put your back out
UK(USthrow your back out)
to cause a serious injury to your back:
She put her back out lifting a box.
He has had to withdraw from the competition after putting his back out.
The dog rolled over onto its back.那只狗翻了个身四爪朝天躺着。
I pulled a muscle in my back lifting some drawers.我搬抽屉时把背部一块肌肉拉伤了。
I go to sleep on my back but I always wake up in a different position.我睡觉时是仰卧的,但醒来时总是另一个姿势。
Our dog has a black patch on his back.我们的狗背上有块黑斑。
I've got a pain in my lower back.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

The human torso
-bellied
-shouldered
abd
abdomen
abdominals
axilla
barrel-chested
beer belly
belly button
bosom
bread basket
crutch
midriff
phrenic
potbelly
rotator cuff
smooth muscle
thoracic
trunk
waist

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:


Injuring and injuries

backnoun[C] (SPORT)


(in some sports, such as football) one of the players in a team who try to stop players from the other team from scoring goals, rather than trying to score goals themselves: (足球等运动的)后卫球员
He plays at left back.
Compare
forwardnoun
in sports such as American football and rugby, one of the players in the team who stand farthest away from the ball when the action starts:
The big back scored all three of the team's touchdowns.
We rarely managed to get the ball out to the backs.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Football/soccer
18-yard box
2 3 5
4 3 2 1
4 4 2
4 5 1
foosball
football boot
football player
football pools
football pyramid
premiership
professional foul
promedios
rabona
reducer
sweeper
the Football League
the Premier League
treble
woodwork

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:


Competitors & participants in sports & games
American football
Rugby

Grammar



Back
Back is an adverb, noun, adjective or verb. …

Back as an adverb
[taking a photograph] …

Back as a noun


Back as an adjective


Back as a verb
[talking about a pet dog] …

Idioms


at/in the back of your mind
the back of beyond
in back of
be on someone's back
behind someone's back
bend your back
someone could do something with one arm/hand tied behind his/her back
get off someone's back
have (got) someone's back
have your back to/against the wall
More idioms

on the back of something
on the back of someone/something
someone's back is turned
put/get someone's back up
back
verb
uk /bæk/ us /bæk/

backverb (SUPPORT)


C2[ T ]
to give support to someone or something with money or words: 支持;资助
The management has refused to back our proposals.管理层拒不支持我们的提议。
This theory needs to be backed up with solid empirical evidence.
The troops were backed by tanks, artillery, and other heavy armour.部队有坦克、大炮以及其他的重型装甲战车作后盾。
It is hoped that all sides will back the peace plan.
A poll indicated that 77 percent of Americans backed the president's plan, with only 6 percent in opposition.
Although Paris backs the U.N. demands, it has made it clear it will not take part in any new military action.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Backing, supporting & defending
adopt
advocacy
affirmation
ally yourself to/with someone
argumentation
bail out
bat
bet
buoy
champion
commitment
over-favour
pander to someone/something
prop something up
provide
provide for someone
solidly
sustenance
underpin
wave/show/fly the flagidiom

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:


Investing money

backverb (RISK MONEY)


to risk money by saying that you think a horse, team, etc. will win a race, game, or competition in order to win more money if they do: 下赌注于
The horse I backed came in last.我投注的那匹马得了最后一名。
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Gambling & bookmaking
a/the bookmaker'sphrase
anti-gambling
bank
bet
casino
chip
co-favourite
cockfight
favourite
football pools
poker
pontoon
raffle
scratcher ticket
self-exclusion
slot machine
smart money
sportsbook
spread betting
stakeholder

backverb (MOVE AWAY)


C2[ I or T, + adv/prep ]
to (cause to) move backwards: (使)后退;使倒退
Please could you back your car up a few feet so that I can get mine out of the driveway?请你把车往后倒几英尺让我把车开出车道,好吗?
back intoAnn gave up driving when she backed the car into the garage door.安倒车时撞上了车库大门,于是她从此再也不开车了。
Thesaurus: synonyms, antonyms, and examples

to go backwards
reverseThe road ahead was blocked by a tree so I had to reverse.
backI backed into the drive.
back upI backed up into an empty parking space.
retreatShe retreated hastily back up the stairs.
pull backUN peacekeepers have pulled back from the border.
withdrawThe British army withdrew from Dunkirk in 1940.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

On the road: driving & operating road vehicles
aquaplaning
back someone up
biting point
boxed in
branch off
chauffeur
gun
handle
lock
platooning
pull
pull someone up
push start
range anxiety
reverse
road rage
skid
speeding
standing
the RAC

backverb (COVER)


[ T ]
to cover the back of something with a material, often to make it stronger or thicker: 给某物加背衬使其更加坚固或厚实
The material is backed with a heavy lining.这种料子的里衬很厚实。
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Knitting & sewing
appliqué
appliquéd
Aran
Bargello
baste
handknit
handknitted
hank
hem
intarsia
overcast
quilting
reknit
resew
rib
run something up
running stitch
sampler
seam
sew

Grammar



Back
Back is an adverb, noun, adjective or verb. …

Back as an adverb
[taking a photograph] …

Back as a noun


Back as an adjective


Back as a verb
[talking about a pet dog] …

Idiom


back the wrong horse

Phrasal verbs


back away
back down
back off
back onto something
back out
back someone up
back something up
back (something) up
back up
back
adjective[ before noun ]
uk /bæk/ us /bæk/

backadjective[before noun] (POSITION)


at or near the back of something: 后面的,后部的,背部的
She left the house by the back door. 她从后门离开了那座房子。
The back seat of the car folds down.小汽车的后座可以折起来。
It says on the back cover of the book 'highly commended'.书的封底上写着“隆重推荐”。
She skidded off the road when her back wheels hit an icy patch.
They sat in the back row of the cinema kissing and cuddling.他们坐在影院后排,接吻搂抱。
Let's take our drinks out into the back garden.
Apparently one of her back teeth is very sore.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

General location and orientation
about
along
anterior
around
back onto something
fix
forward
left
left-hand
lock on
nearside
noncentral
on-site
reorientation
right-hand
right/wrong way roundidiom
round
side-on
spot
surface

backadjective[before noun] (PAID LATER)


paid after the end of a period of time when it should have been paid: 延迟的,拖欠的
They owe the staff several thousand in back pay.他们拖欠了员工几千镑工资。
He owes a lot in back taxes.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Paying money
2FA
2SV
ante up (something)
burn a hole in someone's pocketidiom
buying power
credit limit
fund
non-contributory
outlay
overpaid
put someone through something
put something on your/someone's card
put something towards something
run to something
self-finance
spend
spent
splurge
sponsor
tipper

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:


Earning money

Grammar



Back
Back is an adverb, noun, adjective or verb. …

Back as an adverb
[taking a photograph] …

Back as a noun


Back as an adjective


Back as a verb
[talking about a pet dog] …

Idioms


on the back burner
take a back seat

back | American Dictionary


back
adverb[ not gradable ]
us/bæk/

backadverb[not gradable] (RETURN)


in, at, or toward a previous place or condition or an earlier time
Back can also mean in return:

backadverb[not gradable] (FARTHER AWAY)


farther away; to a farther place

Idioms


back to the drawing board
back and forth
back in the saddle
back to basics
back
adjective[ not gradable ]
us/bæk/

backadjective[not gradable] (RETURNED)


having returned to a previous place or condition

backadjective[not gradable] (AT THE BACK)


at or near the back of something

Idiom


on the back burner
back
noun
us/bæk/

backnoun (FARTHEST PART)


[ U ]
the part of something that is farthest from the front
[ U ]
The back of your hand is the side opposite the palm that has hair growing on it.

backnoun (BODY PART)


[ C ]
the part of your body opposite the front, from your neck to the top of your legs
[ C ]
The back of a seat is the part your back leans against.

Idioms


someone's back is turned
in back of
in the back of your mind
back
verb
us/bæk/

backverb (SUPPORT)


[ T ]
to give support to someone or something with money or words

backverb (MOVE BACKWARD)


[ I/T ]
to move backward

Phrasal verbs


back down
back out
back up (something)
back up (something)
back up someone/something
back up something

back | Business English


back
verb[ T ]
uk /bæk/us
to give support or approval to someone or something:
Shareholders will be asked to back the proposals.
FINANCE
to provide financial support for someone or something:
A handful of firms will sell more than $2 billion of bonds backed by home equity, credit card, and other loans.
Demand continues for government-backed loans.
Investors are snapping up asset-backed bonds.

Phrasal verbs


back out (of sth)
back sb/sth up
back sth up
back
adjective[ before noun ]
uk /bæk/us
 back pay/rent/tax, etc.
pay, rent, tax, etc. that should have been paid or was expected at an earlier time:
Most of the back taxes due were for the years 2006 through 2008.
 on the back burner
If something is on the back burner, it is not being dealt with at the present time, especially because it is not urgent or important, but it will be dealt with in the future:
Any plans of opening new restaurants are on the back burner until the recession ends.
I lost my job and had to put my plans to move house on the back burner.
 take a back seat
to become less important (than something else):
Agriculture, which generates only about $50 million a year in revenue, takes a back seat to other industries like oil and gas that bring in billions of dollars.
Environmental issues take a back seat in tough economic times.
to let other people have a more active and responsible position than you in an organization or activity:
After appointing a new chief executive, the chairman of the fashion chain is finally taking a back seat at the business he founded.
back
adverb
uk /bæk/us
in return or reply:
I'm busy at the moment - can I call you back?
I e-mailed the customer services department and they said they would get back to me tomorrow.

Examples of back


back
Members of both institutions operated in the same electoral context, facing the same voters in the same elections backed by the same political parties.
As a result of equilibrium play, the rivals can avoid fighting altogether by backing down or submitting to the other's demands at critical decision points.
Therefore, this prediction cannot be backed up and thus should only be treated as an upper limit.
The winds then backed to 190x after 1400 hours, but remained light throughout and exhibit the expected behaviour compared to the geostrophic flow above.
The diffusion pump is backed by a rotary mechanical pump of double stages.
The methodology is advantageous in that it provides an approach backed with theoretical foundations.
We need clear descriptions of circuit function and behaviour, backed up by recordings (and videos).
He was very sceptical about backing state funding for research in the area.
In what follows we hope to go some way in backing up that claim.
On the other hand, chapter six deals with the most frequent aetiologies backed by well-reviewed recent findings.
In this case, the gold certificates would be fully backed with gold by the monetary authority.
In addition, despite early set-backs, it appears that significant progress has been made in the acquisition of needed credit and business management skills.
The chamber is pumped by a diffusion pump backed by a rotary pump to a low pressure of around 1024 mbar through the diagnostic port.
I discuss below the financial incentives that backed this up.
However, he rapidly found himself backed into a corner.
See all examples of back
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.

Collocations withback


back

These are words often used in combination with back.

Click on a collocation to see more examples of it.


arched back
A gentle kind of bucking with an arched back.
back beyond
The head is tilted slightly back, so that the eyes are turned upward toward the back beyond of space.
back brace
One miner, who had broken his back several months before, went down the stricken pit, with a back brace on, to rescue his fellow workers.
From
Wikipedia

This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license.
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
See all collocations with back
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