| 词汇 | example_english_jobber |
| 释义 | Examples of jobberThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. This essay first delineates some of the leading themes in the discourse about the jobber. In the old days the jobber was responsible for obtaining labour. However, this did not mean that the strikers had readily accepted the jobbers' authority to speak on their behalf. The leftist trade unions were vehemently critical of the jobber. During the 1920s, as trade unions struggled to form, jobbers often played a significant role in them. The jobbers toured the neighbourhoods and tried to gather the needed extra hands. The head jobbers now 'promptly attempted to engage fresh hands'. In any case, the relationship between the line jobber and the weavers, in particular, grew increasingly fractious. The maintenance of the jobber's position depended upon striking the right balance between the imperatives of management and workers. The relationship between jobbers and workers was marked not only by reciprocity but also by tension, conflict and antagonism. The sustained militancy of the workers, co-ordinated across the industry as a whole, had revealed the limitations of the jobber's power to discipline labour. On the other hand, jobbers had to remain responsive to the needs and demands of the workers. During the war, managerial demands upon the jobber increased both to drive workers harder and to reconcile them to falling real wages. These agents, in turn, sought out clients and followers in the mills largely with the assistance of the jobbers. As the jobbers were subjected to greater pressure by their rivals and their clients in the neighbourhood, they were rendered more vulnerable in the workplace. As the boom collapsed, jobbers found themselves squeezed between the demands of the millowners and the resistance of the workers. But it also suggests that the defeat of the strike could severely compromise the jobber's position at the workplace and often render it indefensible. It was in the line jobber's interest to keep looms working as continuously as possible, to prevent 'loitering', and thus to maintain discipline. Beneath the level of the head jobber were to be found an array of lesser jobbers. The millowners conventionally saw the head jobber as the pivot of their system of labour control. The wider scale of labour organisation and industrial action immeasurably complicated the jobber's task. The jobber system was, he argued, adapted to the cultural imperatives of the workers and their society. The apparent vulnerability of the jobber's position informed the ambivalence with which the millowners regarded him. Yet, it was precisely at the workplace that the pressure on the jobbers now mounted. As industrial conflict intensified, it was a short step for officials to conclude that the jobber was an impediment to more harmonious social relations. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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