| 词汇 | example_english_disposition |
| 释义 | Examples of dispositionThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. In this theory persons evoke eros if they have beautiful bodies, minds, or dispositions. Reasons for thinking knowledge states are not essentially temporally extended trade on thinking of these states as dispositions which are only part of the story. Negative valences of any or all of these factors will push maternal attitudes and dispositions in the other direction. A concept which is frequently used in the context of perceptual development is that of 'templates' or '(pre)dispositions'. They are not direct dispositions in favour of anybody. The last section considered how the jurists interpreted the wordings of dispositions and determined whether they constituted trusts. They provide a way for a testator to secure some of the dispositions in his will even if the will fails and intestate succession ensues. Testators sometimes confirmed their civil-law dispositions in the form of a trust. Matters are somewhat different when we come to dispositions where the modus is in the public interest. Adult participants resisted its effects in favour of recapturing childhood ways of being, especially manifest through dispositions for engagement. We have suggested that, for our eighteenth-century writers, the concept of rationality was less narrowly defined, and could encompass dispositions as well as actions. First, they occur when the agent's initial dispositions are explicitly inconsistent, so the agent accepts both a proposition and its negation. Men and women with heroic dispositions will risk their lives and welfare for others, without knowing the outcome; otherwise they would not need courage. In such cases, as in many others, what will sustain me are my habits of mind, my intuitions, my prejudices, my dispositions. We should not try to do without dispositions altogether, since this is an implausible and perhaps impossible task - and therefore a dangerous one. How may deliberation affect people's preferences, views, judgements and social dispositions? The above suggests that the influence of the ombudsman can hardly be deduced from the formal, legal dispositions regulating the institution. Religion was crucial to any society, moulding attitudes and dispositions and facilitating mutual understandings. Moreover, we need to show that those reasons are more powerful than any reasons they might have for eschewing justice and acting on other dispositions. The only essential feature is that there are two discrete relative dispositions of the subunits. By judicious exercise of rule ordering, serialism has quite precise control over multi-process interaction, as the different dispositions of labialisation in (45a, b) reveal. Thereafter, it is further individuated as it acquires its own unique dispositions. Since psychological dispositions might (in some views) turn out to be physical properties, the official distinction between physicalism and dispositionalism is not exclusive. I would predict that these dispositions, while to some degree universal amongst humans, are highly variable in their strength. The theory of mind mechanism is specialized for representing social variables such as dispositions, intentions, and relationships. Cultivating dispositions to choose certain ways is sensible preparation for coordination problems. The best arguments for using patterns as a standard of evaluation appeal to savings in cognitive costs and compensation for irrational dispositions. However, any such association might well arise because the variation in thinking dispositions is co-extensive with differences in computational capacity. Thus, thinking dispositions are reflective of intentionallevel psychological structure. Whatever dispositions may be present, it is the average, the composite which must prevail ' ' (27). Situational coping and coping dispositions in a stressful transaction. Our concept of thinking dispositions as variable intentional-level styles of epistemic and behavioral regulation is explained, as is its relation to the rationality debate. Thus, more powerful measures will not necessarily attenuate our initial finding that thinking dispositions do predict independent variance after cognitive ability has been controlled. There will, and should, be as many symbols as there are affective dispositions relevant to the expression of the full meaning of the utterance. To characterize balance as a virtue is to determine which set of abilities and dispositions are identified with this virtue. Moral rules are therefore based on the dispositions of acts to produce certain results. Translation is indeed indeterminate relative to speakers' dispositions, but not relative to the numerous other factors that we in fact take into account. Being moral virtues, these dispositions must be constituents rather than mere instr uments of worthwhile lives. He attempts to identify the evolved origins and phenotypes for dispositions to schizophrenia, and their linkage to specific functional brain circuits and psychological symptoms. Under our assumptions, the agent's initial dispositions are incomplete (though this is not a crucial requirement, as discussed below). The agent has initial dispositions to accept some factual propositions, such as (1) to (4), and some normative propositions, such as (5) and (6). At the same time, acquiring a cultural knowledge base does not guarantee good dispositions and attitudes. Thus, we thought it important to examine whether intentional-level cognitive dispositions can explain unique variance - variance independent of cognitive capacity. Cultural dispositions are thus the means of social regulation which, moreover, are reinforced by the school system where such values are instilled. Other features relatively constant in complete transposition are the dispositions of the coronary arteries and the conduction tissues. According to this position, justice does not apply in the first instance to the choices of individuals or their dispositions. Hence, it becomes a predictor of your dispositions for certain kinds of action. They will fare just as well in this regard as the truly virtuous person: the agent who is genuinely possessed of virtuous dispositions. Individuals were seen to be at the mercy of their dispositions to approach or avoid a situation or stimulus, given reward or punishment cues. Such assumptions no doubt varied according to their own political dispositions. The other probes cultural dispositions within the movement concerning internal decisionmaking processes, issues of gender and sexuality, and the movement's symbolic repertoire and mystique. The canon's contents and exclusions are explained by the social dispositions of the participants, predominantly white males aged twenty to forty. The second substantive hypothesis was that states are more extreme than traits (because states, being acute, are felt more intensely than chronic dispositions). A strong case can be made for the existence of irreducible dispositions in nature which are had essentially by the things that have them. Each set is a proper subset of the total set of dispositions. Through one's voluntary actions dispositions are formed, and these then stabilize as the manner of operation of one's capacities. The important thing is to cultivate the right dispositions. One who tries to do without dispositions is excessively vulnerable to arbitrary incidental features of the choice situation. Equally, it will benefit individuals with these particularly favourable dispositions if they can be detected. One possibility is that parents' teaching preferences reflect a fine-tuning to their children's pre-existing interpretative dispositions. A choice is then made, and this choice may itself involve a further cluster of habitual interpretations or dispositions. Inherited dispositions are necessary for socialization to begin its work. Nevertheless, television exposure clearly had important electoral consequences, controlling for respondents' initial dispositions, exposure to other campaign cues and various demographic factors. Our particular and idiosyncratic dispositions do not change the fact that we are autonomous agents capable of freely willing our actions. The rst o^ers a neutral stance, stating that ahlâk are both the good and bad dispositions with which every person is endowed. Balance, then, has to do at least in part with the dispositions to divide and focus our attention. If we view character traits just as dispositions to act in certain ways we claim that an agent manifests certain tendencies or patterns. The thought that virtues are dispositions is epistemologically minimalist. She is quite right to ask for clarification of my account on the issue of internal states vs. dispositions. He, therefore, must transform the psychological dispositions of working-class mourners. The virtues are those characteristics or dispositions that make human goodness possible while the vices detract from human goodness. The policy domain dispositions appear to have quite different effects across respondents from the different countries. Authoritarian legacies are analysed as formal-legal institutions ; social and political actors and forces ; and as cultural practices, lived experience and psychological dispositions. If this strategy fails to realize the most good overall, the dispositions should be abandoned. Perceptions of peer pressure, peer conformity dispositions, and self-reported behavior among adolescents. As the locale of social dispositions and sentiments, the mind was the place where affiliation resided, and where the battle of affections took place. If we accept this account, certain deeply entrenched dispositions in most theorizing about human brain evolution may need to be revisited. In addition to stable dispositions, varying motivation (owing to different tasks and situations) may influence processing systems. Stable motivational errors are in fact like cognitive styles and thinking dispositions at the intentional level - they reflect stable and predictable behavioral tendencies. The routines will therefore partly be coded as dispositions in particular synaptic firing pathways, amenable to being triggered by some small subset of those synapses. The argument would be clearer if the different internationalist and nation-statist dispositions were related to early and later phases of industrialisation and changing class strategies. Thus, it is unknown whether peer victimization remains unrelated to individual genetic dispositions in older children. Religious traditions may provide and explain the character dispositions and motivations for particular decisions and behaviors. Second, indices of learned behavioral or personal dispositions during childhood are needed to test whether they discriminate between childhood-onset and adolescent-onset cases. Again, the result does not depend on the fact that the agent's initial dispositions are incomplete. If dispositions matter, there are also implications for the way we need to think about social capital. The popularization of the subject owes little to recent developments in historiographic dispositions and much to the re-introduction of narrative. The common distinction in the critical thinking literature between abilities and dispositions is important. Many principles of rational thought can be acquired, but without the dispositions and/or skills necessary to appreciate the applicability of the principles. Because they are not psychological dispositions, however, the view that identifies colors with reflectances is not, in our terminology, a version of dispositionalism. 14. When cues are ambiguous, interpretation of a given cue becomes dependent upon inferences concerning intentions, dispositions, and relationships. When people interact with one another over time, the history of past interactions informs them about each other's dispositions and traits. If political culturalists want to assume these responses reflect cultural dispositions then they need to make a good case for that assumption. The invocation of attitudes or dispositions to act in par ticular ways can be done so as to serve a variety of interactional purposes. In any case, here again, the essential feature is the two different discrete dispositions. If lawmakers are to encourage the development of virtuous dispositions, they must thus do it indirectly. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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