| 词汇 | example_english_demonstrative |
| 释义 | Examples of demonstrativeThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. The children made use of pronouns or demonstratives in this way 24% of the time in their move-ons. However, only 151 (65.7%) occur with determiners marked for gender (articles, quanti®ers, and demonstratives). French has a rich system of basic determiners, including articles, demonstratives and possessives. Moreover, demonstratives were also the prototypical subjects used in labeling, another frequent type of exchange in early adult-child exchanges. We also leave aside the issue of demonstratives in this paper. As for demonstratives and possessives, the question of generation site is still open. The standard and traditionally basic use of the demonstratives is to refer directly to entities located in or derivable from the situation of utterance. Pictures are used as evidence, demonstratives, and for argument. As shown above, ha- can combine with all kinds of nominals, including nouns, adjectives, numerals and demonstratives. Pronouns and demonstratives in the penultimate sentence clearly refer to individuals in the world of football. Numerals precede the nouns they modify, but adjectives and demonstratives follow the head noun. One of the main findings of the study is that in a collaborative task with distributed objects, adults use more demonstratives per utterance than children. As also shown in (20a-b), not all demonstratives can refer to a proposition, and the examples become ungrammatical if totan and ageku occur with other demonstratives, such as ano. Table 6 shows the results for use of -s in the 121 contexts in which these nonstandard demonstratives are used across the three groups of speakers. The linguistic form was coded as null reference, pronoun (including demonstratives), noun (with definite or indefinite or no determiner), or nonverbal only (pointing gesture with no language). The physical attributes of the female addressee are almost invariably indicated by proximal demonstratives (not the tresses but these tresses, not the eyes but these eyes). There were 12 words each in the noun, adjective and verb categories, and also 12 words in a combination category of adverbs, pronouns, conjunctions and demonstratives. Articles, possessives, demonstratives and the quantifier otro/a ' other (masc./fem.)'. Given this alternative, one could also address the complication noted in footnote 12, by lexically assigning the relevant subtypes of the type number only to demonstratives and pronouns. To summarize, all five of these direct offer types contain deictic demonstratives, either on their own or combined with be called and 0 or a wh-question form. As we will see, comparison, although an important property of such, is not the only aspect which distinguishes it from the demonstratives this and that, and determiners in general. The same pattern recurs for ordinals (2d-e) and demonstratives (2f-g). Indeed, recurrent similarities between interrogatives, demonstratives and indefinites are found throughout the world's languages, but likewise there always appear to be some arbitrary gaps in the general patterns. One domain where acquiring this skill is especially prominent is in the exophoric use of demonstratives to refer to entities in the extralinguistic spatial context of the utterance. The picture is remarkably similar if we look at a-verses containing proclitic demonstratives and possessives in the first dip, with which the group with proclitic prepositions overlaps. Adults use all of these options in adult-adult conversation, but they can choose pronouns and demonstratives over repeats as they continue to talk about a particular object or event. Uses of both pronouns and demonstratives on such occasions are also evidence that the child has registered what the new word was intended to refer to. Second, the position of cardinal numerals also differs from that of adjectives and demonstratives. Structured characters and complex demonstratives. On the logic of demonstratives. In the following examples, it may appear that these subordinating conjunctions can be modified by a demonstrative determiner. Another possible linguistic internal influence not reported in the literature is the use of the demonstrative pronouns this and that. Demonstrative terms such as "this" and "that" have the same kind of prepackaged reference. Pronouns such as "he" and "they" have demonstrative uses. The 3rd person pronouns distinguish all three genders, reflecting their origins as demonstrative adjectives. Syntactically, ha- can be added to the noun, in which case it must modify the demonstrative as well. First, isolated positive reports cannot be considered demonstrative. Table 2 shows the chronological development leading to the emergence of the demonstrative over the personal pronoun variants. Each demonstrative determiner type may function in terms of one or more of the relevant coordination points in each domain of reference. Controls and learners were significantly less accurate on sentences with demonstrative objects than on sentences with mass/bare plural (p =.022) and countable (p =.008) objects. Mortals cannot precisely know the world, but must rely on uncertain inferences, on bets rather than on demonstrative proof. A demonstrative (albeit extreme) example of such theoryconfirmation bias is evident in the research on testing the equilibrium prediction in ultimatum bargaining. V2-relatives include a demonstrative pronoun that is formally indistinguishable from a relative pronoun. Constructions including a demonstrative pronoun in a different position were disregarded. The coexistence of adjectival and pronominal forms is also relevant for the demonstrative determiners. Certain modifiers are more flexible than others ; the adjective is the most flexible modifier of the noun, the demonstrative the least flexible (388). Nouns can also be modified by a combination of demonstrative determiners, numeral determiners, classifiers, and adjectives, resulting in a number of different noun phrases. Just as a criminal will is a demonstrative assertion (albeit a wrongful one), an act of punishment is a demonstrative assertion. The type of subject was coded (null, lexical, or demonstrative), as was person (1st, 2nd, 3rd), and number (singular, dual, or plural). Agreement in definiteness is also marked differently in numerals than in adjectives and demonstrative pronouns. Table 14 further highlights the (non)paraphrasability rate of other with else when accompanied by the de®nite article and by demonstrative and possessive determiners. Here the piano is more demonstrative than in the earlier concertos (although at 16 minutes it is hardly a vast canvas). To require gender for singular but not plural personal pronouns (or for that matter demonstrative, interrogative, or relative pronouns) suggests a lack of precision. The claims of the occult are now demonstrative, since they are founded upon syllogisms whose middle terms have been intuited. Their musical system is based on the informal acquisition of skills through demonstrative and aural-oral communication methods. Adjectives in vocative and comparative constructions (cf. note 4) are exceptional since the adjectives inflect weak without being accompanied by a demonstrative or possessive pronoun. Since the distal demonstrative explicitly signals familiarity, it invites the hearer to search for a familiar referent. In this paper the focus of the demonstrative example is on the satisfaction of constraints. The classifier is obligatory when a demonstrative or numeral is used. In addition, there are cases where it is possible to modify the possessee by a count expression or a demonstrative. In this combination, the genitive whose is in complementary distribution with the possessive and demonstrative determiners. The second, which occurs exclusively with restrictive relatives, is analyzed as a ' demonstrative ' or 'definite ' article. Table 2 above gives the possessive and demonstrative forms for masculine gender, nominative. Most importantly, admissibility may depend on whether the images are considered substantive or demonstrative evidence. The algorithm processes definite, indefinite, and demonstrative noun phrases, as well as third person pronouns. Will demonstrative action respond to an invitation in this way? Such a restriction would explain the lack of a definite (non-demonstrative) reading for (62), as well as the ungrammaticality of (63). There were two linguistic cues to gender in our study : the phonological form of the nominative, and an agreeing demonstrative. Figure 1 shows the use of each demonstrative type in relation to these parameters. Subjects in third person (singular, dual, and plural) may be realized in lexical (full noun phrase) or demonstrative form in addition to the verbal inflection. Demonstrative implies that the evidence is secondary and not primary, and therefore can only be used to illustrate the testimony of experts. In comparison to its counterpart, music is at once less articulate and yet potentially more demonstrative. The adjectives and vague demonstrative pronouns inadequately represent her physical charms, and, coupled with the imperatives' directions, they break the female body into unspecific fragments. When used with the demonstrative pronouns, those that is more frequent than those who at the early stages of its emergence. However, there is no evidence that children took addressee's visual attention into consideration when using the demonstrative o as adults did. In a noun phrase, when a demonstrative or a numeral is used, a classifier obligatorily precedes the noun. Authors and illustrators organized the ruins of into often incommensurable piles, demonstrative of different lessons. The demonstrative does not necessarily have that function in (8) for example, where a de®nite article would have been equally appropriate. As in all of these instances, there is contextual, corroborating evidence here of the modally distancing value of the distal demonstrative that. There is nothing to suggest an origin in the ®nal [t] of the demonstrative at. However, except perhaps for the demonstrative and possessive determiners, many of these grammatical forms are not suf®cient conditions for either blocking or facilitating else-paraphrasability. The project's very ambition perhaps ultimately works against it : whatever its promises, and promise, the analysis, while occasionally close, is often suggestive rather than demonstrative. V2-relatives include the demonstrative pronoun in the first position of the clause. Matras uses this example to argue for the functional compartmentalisation of items such as pronouns, demonstratives and semi-productive in-ectional features. Furthermore, which, what, and whose are formally wh-words, and the definite article and the demonstratives are formally characterized by being th-words. However, unlike the demonstratives, which express full identity, identifying such expresses partial identity. The licensing of count nouns as arguments can be implemented by articles, by the plural, by demonstratives, by quantifiers. The morphological and semantic structure of indefinites, interrogatives and demonstratives is clearly related - and completely different from that of first and second person forms. Four classes of parts of speech were compared, nouns, adjectives, verbs and a combination category consisting of adverbs, pronouns, conjunctions and demonstratives. Within the overt subject utterances, 68 were demonstratives and 55 were lexical. Secondly, they do not give information about how children dynamically use demonstratives as contrastive linguistic devices for coordinating attention with conversational participants. Adjectives and demonstratives agree with their head nouns within noun phrases in gender, number, and definiteness. If this is the case and a physical demonstration is unnecessary then how are the references of demonstratives fixed? Finally, we give a more complete account of definiteness in noun phrases, including adjectives, demonstratives and cardinals. The extremely low use of demonstratives and adverbs to indicate distant objects was probably related to the ego-anchored use of these forms. Evidence from coordination and the behaviour of demonstratives also supports such an analysis. The use of such demonstratives always implies a dual processing effort on the part of the addressee. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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