| 词汇 | example_english_delirium |
| 释义 | Examples of deliriumThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. Table 1 presents an overview of commonly used antipsychotic medications in the treatment of delirium. A brief case-based seminar was developed that discussed the different medications with a focus on avoiding ones that induce delirium. There is however a psychopathologic logic to the symptoms of delirium. Though epiphenomenon, inattention is a valuable clinical index of delirium. Precipitating factors for delirium in hospitalized elderly persons. Raising the deliriant threshold by multicomponent interventions is the intent of the palliative management of terminal delirium. Not being able to clinically describe brain failure should not, however, lead to abandoning the disorder "delirium," and to focus only on the primary causes. Unfocused and distracted selectivity results in chaotic cognitions and the typical symptoms of delirium. Several terms are used to describe the deficits of delirium; rarely are they defined, and often they are used loosely and inconsistently. Uncertainty regarding time of day is frequent in delirium. The role of wakefulness stimulating agents such as modafinil in this, the hypoactive subtype of delirium, remains to be assessed. Underlying pathologies and their associations with clinical features in terminal delirium of cancer patients. Sedation without agitated delirium was not considered a reason for another opioid rotation in this group of terminally ill patients. The effects of delirium on postoperative functional status were assessed in conjunction with postoperative depressive symptoms using regression models. Antipsychotics have recently been considered for delirium prophylaxis. Under-recognition of delirium results in under-treatment and increased suffering. Every effort should be made to search for and correct all evident causes of delirium. Delirium is classified into three clinical subtypes, based on arousal disturbance and psychomotor behavior, including the hyperactive, the hypoactive, and the mixed subtype. We suspect the delirium documentation rate is on the lower end of the reported prevalence ranges because actual delirium was underrecognized. Consequences of preventing delirium in hospitalized older adults on nursing home costs. The intent of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the recognition of delirium in a large cohort of hospice patients by interdisciplinary hospice care teams. Recognized delirium in this setting was associated with significant differences in gender, ethnicity, hospice diagnosis, and length of inpatient stay. The visual system and the orienting responses are essential for alertness and are probably impaired early in delirium. Any and all mental symptoms may occur in delirium. Adjustment disorders, depression, or delirium are common psychiatric disorders in these patients, and drug-induced neuropsychiatric problems are sometimes referred for psychiatric consultation. The dilemma of delirium: clinical and research controversies regarding diagnosis and evaluation of delirium in hospitalized elderly medical patients. Identification of factors associated with the diagnosis of delirium in elderly hospitalized patients. Predisposing and precipitating factors for delirium in hospitalized older patients. They interpreted this finding to mean that a more severe illness is required to produce delirium in those without prior cognitive dysfunction. Despite recent advances in research into delirium, in many respects it remains an obscurity. Screening for delirium on a general medical ward: the tachistoscope and a global accessibility rating. Management of patients with delirium can pose a significant challenge for health care staff. Given that delirium is in many ways a threshold phenomenon, it is hardly surprising that figures for incidence will vary substantially. Delirium: prevalence, prognosis and management tiveness, euphoria, anger, wandering, easy startling, fast motor responses, distractibility, tangentiality, nightmares and persistent thoughts. During the twentieth century the concept of delirium has continued to evolve. We need to begin to understand more about the nature and role of neuroprotection in the management of delirium. They found that patients with delirium admitted following the intervention had a significantly lower length of stay compared to a pre-intervention cohort. When these two predictive models were combined, the effects on the relative risk of delirium were found to be additive. There was no effect on duration of delirium, or length of hospital stay. When an older person presents with cognitive impairment, it is important that strategies are included to prevent the risk of delirium. Before he has the opportunity to do so, however, he becomes ill and succumbs to delirium. Intervention included six standardized protocols for the management of six risk factors for delirium: cognitive impairment, sleep deprivation, immobility, visual impairment, hearing impairment, and dehydration. However, there is as yet a relative paucity of research into effective treatments for delirium, or interventions for delirium prevention. The level of consciousness is the essence of delirium. All 20 patients completed the study, and olanzapine was considered an alternative approach to treating delirium. Scores of 13 or above likely ref lect the presence of delirium. The presence of at least one delirium trigger was found to nearly double the odds of depression. Finally, cognitive functioning included both cognitive performance and delirium. The mean age was 67.3 years; patients were mostly postsurgical and the etiologies of delirium were diverse. The use of cholinergic agents in the treatment of delirium, though particularly in the elderly, has not been systematically evaluated. The duration of delirium in medical and postoperative patients referred for psychiatric consultation. Efficacy of risperidone in treating the hyperactive symptoms of delirium. Early recognition and subsequent treatment resulted in successful palliation of delirium. On day 6 postoperatively, the delirium level was unchanged. Therefore, it is important to identify the underlying pathologies and alleviate the symptoms of delirium. The level of delirium remained unchanged until administration of thiamine starting on day 7 postoperatively, which resulted in palliation of delirium without brain damage. Good management of delirium has the potential to significantly improve patient care at the end of life. To our knowledge, this is the first study that measures what is actually being done by front-line hospice care clinicians with respect to delirium diagnosis. Delirium is a primarily a disorder of alertness, and the disorders of arousal, awareness, and attention are consequential. Much of the confusion and lack of clinical clarity concerning delirium is accounted for by this conceptual problem. In delirium, as the level of alertness diminishes "positive" symptoms are released. The similarities between delirium and dreaming are obvious. Disorientation has been considered to be a relevant clinical sign of delirium. The main limitation of this study is the use of chart documentation as a proxy for the recognition of actual delirium. However, benzodiazepine monotherapy should be avoided unless the delirium is due to alcohol or benzodiazepine withdrawal. Clinicians should be aware of this antipsychotic side effect while treating medically ill patients with delirium. Clinicians should note that delirium is often the manifestation of an underlying disease or effect of a medication. 179 14 cases of delirium successfully treated with aripiprazole, with a low rate of side effects. Further research is needed to assess the efficacy and importance of antipsychotics in the treatment of delirium. The presence of recognized delirium in this setting was associated with significant differences in marital status, ethnicity, hospice diagnosis, and age. Patients with "hypoactive" delir ium were just as distressed as patients with "hyperactive" delirium. The authors report on 14 patients with delirium treated with aripiprazole. Patients' characteristics and delirium subtypes may influence referral and should inform future liaison efforts. With distance, delirium of the moment gave way to more controlled assessment. Psychotic symptoms that were possibly part of a delirium post-injury were excluded from this analysis. A stratification system determined the level of risk for delirium by assigning one point for each of the aforementioned risk factors present. Alternatively, hypoactive delirium may be misdiagnosed as depression in elderly individuals. In other words, one way to think about delirium and falls is that they reflect failure of the highest order functions of a complex system. There is general agreement however that the main psychiatric problems seen in elderly patients in the general hospital are depression, delirium and dementia. If a medicine is suspected to be causing or contributing to delirium it should be discontinued if possible, or reduced to the lowest possible dose. Thinking in delirium may be disorganized, illogical and incoherent, with bizarre thoughts and images. Most of them were designed specifically for identifying dementia, and their usefulness in identifying delirium has not been addressed. Recently there has been more research into delirium in the non-acute setting. The recognition of delirium should trigger immediate implementation of strategies to prevent or manage these adverse effects. The term 'confusion' was first introduced in the nineteenth century to describe this aspect of delirium. The red scare stands as just one in a long line of illiberal deliriums reaching back to the early seventeenth century. In many of the patients they were followed by dreamy delirium. Specifically, endogenous benzodiazepine-like substances may play a role in delirium associated with hepatic failure. The aim of the present study was to confirm and/or determine predisposing factors for delirium. The clinical signs of delirium are changeable all day, and are usually more serious during early morning or night. The major neurotransmitter hypothesized as involved in delirium is acetylcholine, and the major neuro-anatomical area is the reticular formation. There is no specific drug used for management of delirium. The replication of career and class anxieties within the delirium had, in fact, a contemporary medical sanction. An additional 13 studies assessed treatment of manifest delirium tremens. Antipsychotic drugs are the primary treatment for symptoms of delirium, but their side effects can be problematic. One patient received terminal sedation, but treatment for depression was stopped in the other 18 patients because of the development of terminal delirium. The 10 patients in the study had an average age of 56.8 years and the mean duration of delirium was 13.2 days. The use of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of delirium is safe and carries a low burden of side effects. Symptomatic control of delirium was achieved, despite overall clinical deterioration. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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