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词汇 example_english_currency
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Examples of currency


These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
Then, election is implemented and its impact depends on the direction of inequality between the rates of return on two currencies.
They pass the election operator test because their fitness is evaluated at the previous-period rates of return on two currencies.
Second, instead of devaluing the dinar in the 1980s, leaders arbitrarily pegged it to a basket of convertible currencies.
Agents can hold any of the two currencies without any restrictions.
Cost of identical music technology example products compared with average monthly income (all prices quoted in local currencies).
However, in history, good currencies rarely disappeared but continuously circulated with premiums against bad currencies.
In fact, large as well as small denomination currencies appreciated during the harvest season.
In either case member countries would have to keep their currencies within the prescribed margins.
The world has long searched for the means of forcing co-operation out of strong currencies.
As uncertainty mounted about the stability of key currencies, central banks liquidated their foreign-exchange balances and scrambled to replace them with gold reserves.
Another, no less important, consequence had been the outstanding role assumed by the pound sterling among the world's reserve currencies.
The use of national currencies as foreign exchange reserves was clearly unsustainable in this environment.
The international gold standard collapsed when countries made their currencies inconvertible into gold.
Other currencies accepted according to current exchange rates.
Since the beginning of 1977, sterling had risen against the dollar, but was down against the strong currencies.
Once the diversity is brought into the populations, the rates of return on the two currencies will no longer be equal.
Table 2 shows the composition of the world's devisen reserves in terms of the major currencies.
Many currencies existed in this period, and no contemporary exchange rate is available.
Similarly, the financial media have stocks and currencies that buy, sell, and trade, all unaccusatively.
They refer to the gross annual income measured in national currencies.
Like modern banking, it was involved in the changing of currencies of various city-states.
Other provinces operated with metallic currencies and used specie for regional trade.
The foreign exchange sector has also realised some gains from privatisation, as a substantial proportion of the divestiture proceeds was realised in foreign currencies.
In both, mass employment in the public sector had been one of the main currencies of the traditional system of patronage.
The figures are dollar values converted from domestic currencies using single-year official exchange rates.
They typically have overvalued currencies accompanied by continuous debt accumulation.
Therefore, the operation of an exchange market is required for trading outside currencies.
Until the early twentieth century, a world gold shortage was a constraint on the national currencies that were backed by gold.
Instead, they are maintaining a floating exchange rate for their domestic currencies.
The currencies of large economies with relatively little exposure to foreign markets fluctuate far more widely than those of small, open economies.
Accordingly, this book contends that the prevalence of plural currencies did not contradict the development of a market economy.
I venture to suggest that small currencies in world history imply further and larger issues than this book covers.
In reality, currencies are far from being in constant circulation, and are indeed stagnant, more often than not.
Unlike the abstract image of money, currencies in history were actually not easily found on demand.
Countries on the gold standard could not devalue their currencies or allow the demand for exports to determine their exchange rate.
Such transfers would then defer sterling's recovery indefinitely and might even make permanent the loss of primacy among the major reserve currencies of the world.
The central banks would co-ordinate purchases or sales of one another's currencies to prevent undue pressure mounting on the franc.
Since then the snake currencies and the dollar had floated independently of each other.
There should be substantial short-term credit facilities available to members for the support of currencies for periods of up to one year.
However, these perceptions do not adequately capture the true range of objectives of community currencies.
As a result, the diversity of currencies further raised transaction costs already heightened by different flows of trade and internal customs.
The paper also derives a two-period-ahead forecast of the values of average fractions of savings placed in each of the two currencies.
We follow the original redux framework, assuming that the rigidity is in prices denominated in the producers' currencies. 12.
We're not going to have a lot of little currencies.
The reason why this can be accomplished is the equivalence between the two currencies as savings instruments.
The contrasting interpretations of the purposes and objectives of community currencies cause difficulties when it comes to seeking state support for incorporation and mainstreaming.
The second underlying force is the dissatisfaction with the performance of individual national currencies.
Interestingly, for some currencies, optimal tests that are robust to parameter instability do reject the hypothesis that the random walk is the best description of the data.
The author singles out this arcane juxtaposition in which precious metal currencies circulated side by side with small currencies, and designates it as heterogeneousness or asymmetry in money.
Indeed, the differences in style between the repertories might therefore be better accounted for by chronology - or by a composer's choice of stylistic register - rather than by disparate geographical currencies.
The pseudo-functions are termed currencies.
The book describes how an understanding of the flux currencies of water and solar radiation can be used to infor m agronomy practice, using appropriate examples from the tropics.
The first was making only obvious changes, so that names and currencies were localised, and language structures were made more straightforward, while the essential structure remained intact.
In general, the out-of-equilibrium heterogeneity of the portfolio fraction values results in the inequality of the rates of return on two currencies.
Evidently, currencies and languages are not analogous, but the underlying principle of moving from unwieldy and costly plurality to cheap and nimble oneness is the same.
A return to more fixed exchange rates, especially vis-a-vis the existing snake currencies, was likely at the least to imply a slower depreciation than would otherwise occur.
I have also added a list of reference materials, but have omitted the two diagrams describing the development and history of currencies from the original manuscript.
In (66), the necessity is circumstance-oriented, no matter whether must (other currencies must be extinguished) or have to (the capacity to issue currencies has to be extinguished) is used.
Ideas were raised regarding new currencies of evaluation: for example, how might 'pleasure' or a more 'libidinal economy' fit into our criteria for assessing practice as research?
I build a model of an open-economy payments system: how payments are made, cleared, and settled between residents of different countries, and in which payments may involve multiple currencies.
Such an assessment requires bookkeeping of the various interactions, computation of their relative frequencies, and conversion of their quality and information associated with them into common currencies.
As we have seen, the deflation, although severe, was not enough to bring about a real depreciation of the guilder against other regional and world currencies.
One crucial respect in which it must be different was that the burden of adjustment must fall on strong currencies and not just on the weak.
Leadership in the stabilisation of the remaining currencies became a matter of competition and controversy, and participation in central bank credits became a matter of co-operative pretense rather than conviction.
Nevertheless, for the importation of those capital and intermediate goods used in new industries, foreign currencies (or gold, at the turn of the century) were necessary.
The pre-accession conditionality policy was output focused, driven by the need to foster the new currency's credibility, and could capitalize on the threat of exclusion to achieve tangible results.
Results are reported in country-specific currencies.
The figures are given in national currencies, since conversion to sterling at the official rates of exchange would be misleading.
From the
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Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
The obvious advantage is that traders and tourists would not have to change currencies.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
In relative terms, the pound has held its value compared with most continental currencies.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
I do not think that anything is ever certain about the movement of currencies.
From the
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Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
The first fact which emerges is that the two key reserve currencies will be in shorter supply.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
The proceeds of the gold sales will be invested in foreign currencies broadly following the current holding of the net reserves.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
Around the world, banks are no longer using gold to back their currencies.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
The conversion rates between these currencies and the euro will be legally fixed.
From the
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Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
The old national currencies of these member states will continue only as denominations of the euro.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
We are at the whim of foreign speculators in currencies.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
The exchange rate mechanism offers a sensible option for smaller currencies.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
Why must business men and constituents in my area pay nearly double the rates of interest to be found in other ecu currencies?
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
None the less it was a squeeze, and it was accompanied by a sharp increase in the value of the pound against other currencies.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
A lack of restraint and the inability of peoples to impose sufficient self-discipline have brought about a general depreciation of currencies.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
Such movements themselves can particularly affect the two reserve currencies, although they may affect other currencies as well.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
Different currencies were categorised as possessing a different degree, in the jargon of the day, of "hardness"or"softness".
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
I think that sterling is one of the best currencies in the world.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
Currencies have a tendency to fall as industrial development becomes more widespread.
From the
Hansard archive

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
A more sensitive area is that of actual currencies.
Why do all the world's bank depositors and borrowers not establish and use euro-markets in their own currencies?
Although they are linked, ecological and economic systems are governed by different regulatory mechanisms and are based on fundamentally different currencies.
The grid system kept any pair of snake currencies within 2.25 per cent of each other.
Impressive credit facilities and extensive swaps were unlikely to be any substitute for policy changes, particularly by the weaker currencies.
In principle, interventions will be in the currencies of participating countries.
What we need is to have a precise understanding of the complementary relationships among currencies.
Men can pay in two broad currencies: material benefits and genetic benefits (as an analogy, call them "paper" and "coins").
A few examples illustrate the coexistence of the two currencies.
Without a fixed rate between the two currencies, the substitutive relationship could not be maintained.
From another viewpoint, small denomination currencies had such a demand potential that they sometimes appreciated against big monies.
Thus, keeping plural currencies with flexible exchange ratios was a suitable way to trade in the actual market.
The coexistence of currencies without fixed ratios appears to be chaotic.
The likelihood values for the other currencies are considerably lower.
The list of abbreviations (pp. 27 + 8) which follows shows most of the grammalogues except those of some currencies.
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
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