| 词汇 | example_english_cell-wall |
| 释义 | Examples of cell wallThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. Rather, a stimulus released from the cotyledon is more likely to induce the major cellwall degrading enzyme, endo- mannanase, within the endosperm itself. The endosperm has a very thick peripheral cellwall (cw). Therefore, most work has been performed on isolated aleurone layers (in which the starch is removed) and protoplasts (aleurone cells lacking the cellwall). A further factor relates to the potential biological deterioration of cellwall components by soft rot fungi, thereby reducing the strength of the wood. Proceeding from (b), as new cellwall formation continues to form during cytokinesis, these areas are devoid of surface projections. From a biological point of view, the role of the yeast adhesins was investigated by using different cellwall glycoprotein mutants. During development, the extensive thickening of the cellwall is specific to the lateral region of the endosperm and not to the micropylar region. For this species there is a good correlation between endosperm cellwall dissolution and radicle protrusion. The mechanisms regulating cellwall extensibility in the embryos before radicle protrusion, although central to germination control, remain elusive. All eggs which elicited a fertilisation potential secreted a detectable cellwall. What are the signals that trigger the transition from primary to secondary cellwall synthesis? Changes in the cellwall, vacuole, and membranes detected using electrical impedance spectroscopy. An additional experiment further suggested that the separation between the cellwall and plasma membrane was an artefact of the aqueous wash and dehydration process. However, direct evidence that these enzymes participate in cellwall modification or tissue weakening is still lacking. The essence of polarity is the redistribution and localisation of macromolecules, organelles and metabolic processes within the cytoplasm, plasmalemma and cellwall. Changes occurred after cessation of cellwall growth indicating considerable metabolism of cellwall polysaccharides after cessation of growth. Species variability in boron requirement is correlated with cellwall pectin. Evolutionists will find material to complement their own researches - mitochondrial variation, the chloroplast genome, secondary metabolites or cellwall chemistry for instance. Even though about half of the cells were found to have a compromised cellwall, massive complete cell lysis was not observed. Labelling is exclusively associated with the parasite cellwall (w). In the mesophyll cells, affected parts were cellwall, chloroplasts, mithocondria and nucleus. This is possible because each plant cell has its own exoskeleton and a rigid cellwall. Thus, cellwall matrix completes assembly only when polypeptides are on the surface, likely serving as a template for filament growth and assembly. The expression patterns of several genes involved in secondary cellwall biosynthesis during the development of the testa are described. Note the very thick outer cellwall of the endosperm. Antibiotics interacting with the cellwall may influence bacterial adhesion by causing changes in the cell surface. Genetic variability for cellwall constituents and associated quality traits in reed canarygrass. They lack a cellwall and are thus highly pleomorphic. Further structural analysis is necessary to identify specific cellwall polymers that change during seed maturation. True smaller vacuoles appear within the syncytial cytoplasm, and then cellwall formation and new cell division are initiated. The present report describes the expression pattern of several genes involved in cellwall development in the testa of the wild-type and the hull-less seeds. Asterisk: space between plasma membrane and cellwall due to turgor loss. Alternatively, cell-wall injury and tissue rupture are the result of non-homogeneous swelling of tissues, leading to tension cracks within the cell walls. The increase in embryo growth potential can result from an increase in osmotic pressure, an increase of cellwall extensibility or both. We measured leaf water and nitrogen content, toughness, total phenolics, tannin activity and cell wall concentration, and tested for the presence of cyanogenic glycosides. Four of the 6 eggs treated in this way failed to secrete a cellwall. The endogenous carbon sources that are normally allocated to cellular division and expansion are diverted from cellwall synthesis to permit sucrose accumulation. This may relate to covalent binding of lignin to hemicellulose, which confers mechanical strength to the cellwall. This type of meshwork is reminiscent of the meshwork found on the outer layer of the cellwall. In the present study, the lack of surface projections in newly formed cellwall might reflect a lack of maturation in the new proteoglycan layer. These bacteria are assumed to be better preserved than others due their acid-resistant lipid-rich cellwall. The cotton fibre is virtually a bio-factory for cellulose production after the switch to secondary cellwall formation. Sixty-eight to 86% of the cellwall fraction was polysaccharide and 17 to 25% was protein. The species-specific pattern of cellwall folding may result from a mechanism related to the chemical structure of the cellwall. The wall of the ovary (outer plasma membrane) is highly folded forming a basal labyrinth occuping the outer zone of the ovarian epithelial cellwall. The aleurone cellwall has no secondary thickening and forms a thin inner wall and a thicker outer cellwall matrix. The ultrastructure of yeast : cellwall structure and formation. For the other genes we could assign at least putative functions and these fell into several categories of genes encoding membrane proteins, transporters, transcriptional regulators, and cellwall/ lipopolysaccharide synthesis. Other macromolecular structures found on the surface of some bacteria include pili, flagella and a capsule (a discrete layer of polysaccharide deposited outside the cellwall). In total, mannose accounts for about 6% of the total cellwall sugars. This would facilitate cellwall penetration by the aphid, and it can be speculated that downregulation of this gene represents active facilitation of feeding by aphids. Although a fascinating topic, the molecular basis of the switch from elongation and primary cell wall synthesis to intensive secondary cellwall cellulose production remains largely unknown. One-half of the dry matter in the cotyledon cellwall fraction was polysaccharide and one-half was protein indicating contamination of the crude cell wall fraction with cotyledonary seed storage proteins. During isolation, the egg cells were treated with cellwall degrading enzymes, which might alter the membranes of the egg cell protoplast, and thus possible recognition events might be influenced. Environmental and genetic effects on cellwall composition and digestibility. These slender surface projections could be seen over the entire enterococcal cellwall, with the exception of areas adjacent to septal regions where new cell wall formation was occurring. The authors speculate that these events might disrupt recruitment and activation of leukocytes to the cellwall, presumably suppressing the host immune and inflammatory response to infection. It is significant that the results show only down-regulation and not complete lack of expression of several genes involved in the biosynthesis of cellwall macromolecules. These authors proposed that hydrogen peroxide and other reactive oxygen species were produced at rates sufficient to degrade the cellwall and membranes, resulting in eventual cell death. Specific labelling of cellwall proteins by biotinylation. Traits that are likely to have played a role in their success include cellwall biochemistry, desiccation resistance and tolerance, structural complexity, and various reproductive strategies. The decrease in the osmotic potential and loosening of the cellwall, as related to the acid growth theory, are analyzed and compared with similar processes in other tissues. Models for plant cell elongation and cellwall biogenesis. To understand the differing results in the literature on imbibitional injury, one has to consider membrane rupture versus cellwall/tissue rupture as physically different phenomena. However, we found an increase in cellwall content, total phenolics and tannin activity, and a decrease in protein availability, with decreasing latitude and/or increasing mean annual temperature. Determination of plant cellwall constituents. That will deny inmates the lime in which to cause serious damage, let alone penetrate the cellwall. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 A few of these have altered cellwall structures, which makes them resistant to antibiotics such as methicillin. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The appearance of these mesosome-like structures may be the result of these chemicals damaging the plasma membrane and/or cellwall. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. This group of antibiotics works by inhibiting cellwall synthesis of the bacteria by binding to penicillin-binding proteins. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. This evaporation causes the surface of the water to recess into the pores of the cellwall. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The primary function of the element is to provide structural integrity to the cellwall in plants. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The inmates can also alarm the prison security by pushing a button on the cellwall. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. These bacteria lack peptidoglycan in its cellwall and have a compartmentalized cytoplasm. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Some members of this family contain a cellwall-binding repeat. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Some methanogens have a cellwall that is composed of pseudopeptidoglycan. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The cellwall of a vessel element becomes strongly lignified, i.e. it develops reinforcing material made of lignin. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. It is also gram-negative, which essentially means that it has a relatively thin cellwall. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. It is bactericidal and acts by inhibiting synthesis of the bacterial cellwall. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. With cellulose, it forms a network that strengthens the cellwall. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. When the guests reenter their pods, there is a cellwall cutting them off from the majority of their pod. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. They undergo changes in the synthesis of new proteins, as well as alterations in the cellwall, which parallel the morphological changes. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. After the nucleus and cytoplasm have been replaced the cellwall breaks down followed with release of virons into the medium. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Cellulose is the chief component of the cellwall, and starch occurs as a reserve material in the protoplasm. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. This implies that the cytoplasm has to be close to the cellwall, greatly limiting their size. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. They bind to the amino acids within the cellwall preventing the addition of new units to the peptidoglycan. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The cell collapse and cell membrane pulls away from the cellwall (in plants). From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
反思网英语在线翻译词典收录了377474条英语词汇在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用英语词汇的中英文双语翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。