| 词汇 | example_english_cellular |
| 释义 | Examples of cellularThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. Cellular and circuit basis of working memory in prefrontal cortex of nonhuman primates. Both replication and environmental interaction take place at the cellular level. The induction of premature cellular senescence of neoplastic cells (reverse exit route) may therefore be a strategy for anti-cancer therapeutics. In addition, epigenetic regulation is key to many other cellular processes, whereas deregulation is an important factor in numerous disease states. Various molecular and cellular mechanisms give rise to epilepsy, and epilepsy genes fall into several distinct categories. Thus, we can and should use these viruses as genetic tools to dissect the complex cellular events that regulate cell migration and morphology. Polycystin-1 comprises multiple extra- and intracellular protein domains that suggest many different protein ligands and hence many different cellular functions. Each of these models has contributed to our understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of cyst development and progression. Transducers transmit the message to effectors, usually by direct phosphorylation of effectors, which can then modulate cellular processes. Cellular senescence provides a barrier to excessive cellular growth and is triggered by three main mechanisms. Repression of proliferation-associated genes by the formation of heterochromatin serves to block cellular division and so acts as a potent tumour suppressor mechanism. The parasite is exposed to both humoral (soluble) and cellular immune mechanisms. Cellular immunity was also found to have a role in protection after live rotavirus immunisation, particularly in mice. There exists a cellular automaton with the shadowing property, whose column factorizations are not subshifts of finite type. There exists a sensitive cellular automaton with unique minimal quasiattractor, whose basin has measure zero. A cellular automaton is regular if the evolution at any specified positions as the time proceeds, gives rise to a regular language. However, functional studies utilising cellular models have generated c l u e s to help elucidate biological function, including in cell migration and cancer. Cellular and/or exogenous proteins that interact with lipid rafts can use them as transport shuttles on the cell surface. At the cellular level, muscle cell integrity is lost as a result of a breakdown in the structure of the sarcolemma. Today, it is known that mitochondria produce up to 80% of the energy needs of a cell and perform a host of additional cellular functions. The bacterium must therefore traverse this cellular barrier, and this is thought to occur through the endothelial cells rather than around them. In apoptosis, the cellular contents are packaged into a p o p t o t i c bodies, which are then consumed b y phagocytes. Mean dimension plays the role of entropy used in the classical framework, namely, for cellular automata with a finite alphabet. After fusion the whole cellular content of the fused cell is incorporated into the syncytiotrophoblast and remains there for around three to four weeks. The straight line flow pattern did not develop but, as mentioned in $5, a cellular flow pattern did develop from a circular roll pattern. We consider the morphological instability perturbed by a pre-existing cellular convective field. Furthermore, so far as we are aware, they represent the only observations of cellular flow due to fluid property variations under such conditions. I found their diagrammatic representations of cellular processes and mutant phenotypes very helpful in this context. The alternative would be an overall regulation of the cellular composition of the wing. Cellular organelles and their contents are observed by confocal fluorescence microscopy. Factors that promote cellular dehydration, tissue hypoxia, and leukocyte or endothelial cell activation are all involved in generating vaso-occlusion. Cellular senescence as a response to telomere attrition is thought to have evolved as a tumour suppressive barrier against excessive clonal expansion. The placenta is a unique organ that forms the maternal-fetal interface by a process of controlled cellular invasion of maternal tissue. Particle-like structures and their interactions in spatio-temporal patterns generated by one-dimensional deterministic cellular-automata rules. Each confers distinct effects on the cellular proteins to which they are attached (as indicated). They examined the onset of cellular flow, and the exchange between flows with different even numbers of cells as the axial period was varied. Not only does the electrical excitation initiate mechanical contraction but mechanical deformation alters the electrophysiology at both the tissue and cellular levels. Discovery by genetic programming of a cellular automata rule that is better than any known rule for the majority classification problem. Her research focuses on the molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating plant development. The cellular basis of wing size changes in response to the environment seem to be line-dependent rather than determined by the environmental factor. We also discuss the putative evolutionary routes that may have been used to convert the molecular replicons to central cellular structures and functions. The off-sight attribute is set when the landmark stands on the cellular space border. There are likely to be genetic as well as environmental influences determining different rates of cellular aging. Treatment is with intravenous immunoglobulin +/- steroids, and appropriate antigen-negative cellular components should be given for any future transfusions. They comprise lipids that maintain epidermal barrier function and contribute to the control of epidermal turnover and to cellular immunoregulation. The reconstituted systems can unambiguously show direct effects, but the channels are separated from cellular elements that may determine the character of modulation in cells. An important question requiring continued investigation in animals and humans relates to the cellular mechanisms underlying sleep deprivation-induced prefrontal deactivations and sleep-related restorative processes. Neuronal plasticity and cellular immunity: shared molecular mechanisms. Cellular mechanisms underlying intrathalamic augmenting responses of reticular and relay neurons. Cellular-synaptic generation of sleep spindles, spike-and-wave discharges, and evoked thalamocortical responses in the neocortex of rat. Therefore, new methods that allow insight into cellular integrity and function should provide a biophysical basis for predicting seed quality. Upon drying, the hydrophobic effect ceases, but the dried cells, nevertheless, maintain their cellular organization. With an increase in seed moisture content, either through humidification or through imbibition, there is rearrangement of cellular water. Generally the cellular concentrations of the proteins are very high. Variations in seed performance may correlate with cellular activities. However, the cellular basis of these effects remains unclear. With respect to neurological disease and trauma this lack of cellular repair significantly impacts functional recovery. Our results imply a difference in the cellular mechanisms that give rise to deactivation and light adaptation. From this point of view, nuclear fragmentation followed by cellular fragmentation is a gradual process resulting in disintegration of preimplantation embryos. Thus, in the surgical model the cellular mechanisms that underlie photoreceptor phenotypic differentiation seem to be similar to normal retinal development. A possible explanation is that such variability is due directly to some cellular consequence of ouabain exposure. The process is regulated by extracellular signals emanating from cellular and acellular structures. Our analysis also provides direct quantitative data showing that calmodulin is specifically targeted to cellular structures such as the nucleus. Studies on plants, invertebrates, lower vertebrates, mammals and humans at the molecular and cellular levels will be accepted. Note the decrease in the number and complexity of cellular processes. 170 represent a cellular component involved in neuronal plasticity. The expression of a small fraction of cellular genes is changed in response to histone hyperacetylation. The results of the present investigation support the possibility that ankryin expression may be a cellular manifestation of preadaptation to direct development in molgulid ascidians. Studies on plants, invertebrates, lower vertebrates, mammals and humans at the molecular and cellular levels are accepted, leading to a unique multidisciplinary publication. Here we examine the expression profile of uvomorulin at the cellular level, in oocytes and embryos up to and during compaction. Lightemitting properties of recombinant semi-synthetic aequorins and recombinant fluorescein-conjugated aequorin for measuring cellular calcium. Molecular and cellular changes associated with maturation and early development of sheep eggs. Firstly, cellular necrosis as a direct result of physical cryoinjury sustained through ice crystallization or osmotic shock. Finally, many basic anatomical and physiological properties in the early visual system of squirrel have now been described, permitting investigations of cellular mechanisms. There are numerous feedback processes in the retina, at both the cellular and synaptic levels, that could in principle produce a large resonance response. A chamber preserving cellular function of the isolated rabbit retina suited for extracellular and intracellular recording. The time course of the return of visual function is similar to the return of cellular function in the retina and optic tectum. The relative contribution of these different processes to mosaic formation and the cellular cues controlling them are still debated and unclear. A phenotype, in contrast, is any measurable attribute of a biological entity at any level of organization - subcellular, cellular, organ, individual, or population. Since the cellular effects of the ionophore are dynamic, blastocyst assessment is possible using a strictly controlled incubation time. Even though ankyrin repeats have been found in a number of proteins, their cellular functions are poorly understood. The overall pattern of cellular immunoreactivity, however, was still consistent with the relative concentration of donor. The marked increased photoreceptor labelling is evident at older age groups with the adult showing some cellular labelling below the debris (asterisk). Ocular migration produces an early cellular reaction, formed by an infiltration of neutrophils accompanied by vasculitis and retinal microinfarcts. Can it discover optimal strategies for dispatching elevators in skyscrapers and for channel allocation in cellular telephone systems? The key parameters quantified in such studies have been villus height, crypt depth and mucosal cellular division as reflected by mitotic figures. Specification of a particular cellular identity might depend entirely upon the influence of instructive signals that change with time. Multiple requirements for progression through this step in the signal transduction pathway may serve to integrate the cellular response to multiple environmental cues. The mechanism(s) responsible for the resveratrol-induced cellular properties remain to be further investigated. Cellular events are based on specific inter- and intra-molecular interactions of many molecules. One interesting possibility is that different start sites may be used at different points in the cell cycle or during cellular differentiation. Both of these events represent perturbations from normal cellular functioning that require a variety of compensatory responses. Subsequent work has shown that this covalent modification of cellular proteins is involved in the regulation of virtually all cellular functions. We know that in our own case we are more than physically observable states, the carbon, hydrogen, and so on making up our cellular life. The tabulated values on enzyme activities in cellular fractions of the livers are given as mean values for up to six measurements. The cumulus mass is composed of both cellular and acellular components. The authors concluded that the state of cellular hydration of sickle cells may be modulated by altering the molecular species composition of the membrane's phospholipids. Accordingly, it has been assumed that triggering any of these receptors should result in the expression of distinct as well as redundant cellular genes. Furthermore, degenerative or destructive changes in both cellular and extracellular components of the vessel wall are also evidenced in many situations involving vessel dilatation changes. Being positively charged and present in relatively low plasma concentrations, thiamine movement across cellular membranes requires transporters. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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