| 词汇 | absolutive |
| 释义 | BETA Examples of absolutiveabsolutive isn’t in the Cambridge Dictionary yet. You can help! The absolutive suffix indicates the absence of a possessor. In ergative- absolutive languages, the lowest nonoblique argument gets absolutive and the next lowest gets ergative. That is, one stem occurs in the absolutive case, and a second stem is the basis of all other case forms. Partial reduplication like (2) is used exclusively in the absolutive singular. Absolutive constructions are clauses with a past participle that modify a postposed noun phrase and agree with it in number and gender. The ergative case is marked with one of four morphemes but there is no marking for absolutive case. The formal hierarchy is based on the morphological complexity of the marking : nominative\\absolutive accusative\\ergative dative\\other oblique adposition (436). The final -tl, of course, is the absolutive noun suffix. In addition, these authors found the ergative case morpheme was omitted more often than the absolutive plural determiner before vowels. Nouns have an absolutive suffix, -tl (i) or -li. As a reviewer noted, 'hau' (this one) in the sentence could be interpreted as an absolutive object or a non-marked ergative subject, depending on the context. Critically, there are several examples in my data of children producing an argument which is clearly marked with absolutive case rather than simply missing ergative case. Nakamura (1997) focuses on ergative/absolutive versus nominative/accusative systems and has nothing to offer on our question. In languages with rich head-marking, agreement is non-canonical if, for example, a subject determines object or indirect object agreement rather than subject, ergative or absolutive agreement. In contrast, languages with split ergative case-marking, which allow subjects of transitive verbs and intransitive verbs to take both ergative and absolutive case-marking, might raise additional challenges. Palmer's grammatical roles correspond to theta roles and his grammatical relations subsume roughly all types of structual case positions (subject, object, ergative, absolutive). They are second declension, and distinguish number in the ergative, locative, and lative cases, as well as the absolutive. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The person suffixes express the persons of the absolutive subject/object and the ergative subject. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. |
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