| 词汇 | example_english_agonist |
| 释义 | Examples of agonistThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. The development of selective receptor agonists for therapeutic application is one strategy to elucidate critical and physiologically relevant serotonin receptors modulating energy homeostasis. Oscillations of free cytosolic calcium evoked by cholinergic and catecholaminergic agonists in rat parotid acinar cells. Adverse events were typical for dopamine agonists except for skin reactions related to the patch. Other strategies to enhance acetylcholine levels, such as muscarinic cholinergic agonists or nicotinic cholinergic receptor agonists, are under investigation. Studies in which drugs other than opioid agonists were combined with opioids or opioids were administered epidurally or intrathecally were excluded. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can act by selectively binding to hormone receptors to generate (agonists) or block (antagonists) hormone-mediated responses. Recent studies have suggested that alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists can enhance neuronal survival. When selective a2 or b agonists were used instead of epinephrine, consistent modulation effects were observed. The agonists used in this study varied in their selectivity for each receptor type. When antagonists were used, these were co-applied with the agonists and ejected from the same barrel. They did not attempt to determine if these agonists acted on one or multiple glutamate receptors. Two overlapping conformations were found that all of seven active agonists had in common. Experiments using adrenergic agonists and antagonists allowed us to determine that the metabolic effect of adrenaline is caused by interaction with 2-receptors. Furthermore, no significant current were evoked by n-acetylcholine-receptor agonists epibatidine and methylcarbamylcholine. The drugs can be either partial chemokines or small peptides that behave as receptor antagonists or agonists. Drugs that increase brain serotonin (serotonin agonists) prevent some of these behavioral changes. Tocolytic drugs also have implications for women with cardiac disease, especially the 2 -adrenergic agonists such as salbutamol and terbutaline. Adverse events were typical of non-ergot dopamine agonists. Dexamethasone reverses the labor-associated myometrial desensitization to b-adrenergic agonists in the rat. In subsequent cycles, cholinergic agonists were ejected for a 40-s period beginning 40 -50 s after the star t of the cycle. On six of these neurones, the effects of one or more of the other agonists were also studied. Complete recovery of responses after removal of agonists or antagonists was rarely seen in our experiments. Therefore, we made intracellular recordings with sharp electrodes from identified cells and perfused the retina with cholinergic agonists or antagonists. We tested the ability of neurotransmitter agonists and antagonists to modify the responses to light stimuli. We now consider the mechanism whereby kainate or related agonists increase b-wave amplitude. To differentiate between these receptor subtypes, more selective glutamate agonists and antagonists were used. Therefore, a considerable number of glucagon antagonists and agonists have been designed as potential treatments for diabetes. Note the asymmetry of all the agonists with respect to this plane; most of the steric bulk is above the plane. We explored the proper ties of agonists that activate this receptor. The concentration of agonists refers to the concentration in the pipette, but the actual concentration at the bipolar cell axon terminal was slightly less. At the proximate level, this conflict involves the direct day-to-day competitive interactions between the two agonists as they attempt to use the same resources. There may be a role for orexin\\hypocretin receptor agonists in the treatment of depression. There have been extensive clinical trials with a number of muscarinic agonists including milameline, xanomeline, sabcomeline and talsaclidine. Circadian melatonin rhythms in cultured zebrafish pineals are not affected by catecholamine receptor agonists. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists prevent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. However, we cannot ignore the preventive effects of dopaminergic agonists on form-deprivation myopia. The results with the three agonists were very similar. The ability of ticks to counteract platelet aggregation resides in the presence of specific molecules that block platelet interaction or enzymes that destroy platelet agonists. As mentioned earlier there are 3 basic methods for the investigation of receptors, pharmacological profile in terms of agonists and antagonists, transduction mechanisms and molecular biology. The negative immunoregulatory effects of noradrenaline and 2adrenoceptor agonists. Short-acting beta 2 agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists on meiotic maturation of follicle-enclosed oocytes in rabbits. Second, the initial increase and subsequent decline in the b-wave induced by exposure to kainate and related agonists is probably indirect and appears to depend on excitotoxic changes. We were concerned that by placing the puffer pipette near the soma, the agonists would not envelop the entire dendritic field, and therefore not activate all of the receptors. Neuroprotective effects of alpha2!-selective adrenergic agonists against ischemia-induced retinal ganglion cell death. The effect of cholinergic agonists and antagonists on ganglion cells in the mudpuppy retina. The neurobehavioral areas most frequently studied are (a) locomotor behavior in open field exploration and responses to monoaminergic agonists and antagonists, (b) attention and conditioned learning, and (c) stress reactivity. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists for management and prevention of vascular disease in patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Regulation of interleukin-10 production by beta-adrenergic agonists. The application of glutamate and its agonists had the ability to initiate indirect responses mediated by neurons presynaptic to the cone bipolar cells, such as horizontal and amacrine cells. The interaction of agonists and noncompetitive antagonists at the excitatory amino acid receptors in rat retinal ganglion cells in vitro. Responses of isolated white perch horizontal cells to changes in the concentration of photoreceptor transmitter agonists. Trials were included in which opioid agonists were given to treat central or peripheral neuropathic pain of any etiology, pain was assessed using validated instruments, and adverse events were reported. Alphaadrenergic agonists and oxytocin operate through the inositol phosphate pathway. Effect of melatonin agonists and antagonists on horizontal cell spinule formation and dopamine release in a fish retina. Effect of g-aminobutyric acid agonists, glycine, taurine and neuropeptides on acetylcholine release from the rabbit retina. There are differences in choice of medication, depending on the priorities around duration of treatment, adverse effects (brachycardia and hypotension due to 2 adrenergic agonists), and withdrawal severity. Both agonists elicited inward currents. All of these mechanisms are promising points of cancer intervention, and preclinical mouse models suggest that chemokine antagonists and agonists could become important in the development of new anticancer therapies. Perhaps two agonists provide a fail-safe mechanism. Effects of direct and indirect acetylcholine receptor agonists on growth hormone secretion in humans. Using the techniques of in vivo extracellular recording and iontophoretic drug application, we therefore have investigated the effects of various cholinergic agonists on the response to natural visual stimulation. We applied our knowledge of the in vitro pharmacology of cholinergic neurons to in vivo studies by using local injections of the agonists that were employed in vitro. Design and synthesis of glucagon par tial agonists and antagonists. Cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous agonists. Tocolysis with beta-adrenergic receptor agonists. Beta-agonists are a group of drugs which have been used for a number of years in both human and veterinary medicines. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Residues of beta agonists have been found most frequently in the liver. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I understand that growth hormones and beta-2-agonists will be among the substances considered by the advisory council. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I am not aware of any adverse effects on human health in this country resulting from the illegal use of beta-agonists. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 No such licences have been issued for the use of beta-agonists as growth promoters. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Substances with a hormonal or thyrostatic action and beta-agonists as growth promoters in beef production have long-term effects and may therefore have repercussions on human health. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English A large number of beta-agonists are licensed for the treatment of asthma on the basis of evidence of quality, efficacy and safety assessed by the licensing authority. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The influence of the glucagon agonist on myopia development was much more pronounced. Compared with levodopa, dopamine agonists may delay motor complications of medication use but are less effective at controlling symptoms. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Unlike most nuclear receptors, this transcriptional regulator is constitutively active in the absence of ligand but is regulated by both agonists and inverse agonists. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Mutations affecting the glycine receptor agonist transduction mechanism convert the competitive antagonist, picrotoxin, into an allosteric potentiator. To investigate this, we have stimulated cells with their endogenous excitatory agonist, glutamate. In contrast, the agonist inhibited myopia development in a dose-dependent fashion. There are, however, issues with the use of dopamine agonists including augmentation. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Later on animal studies showed that serotonin receptor agonists might act as a mediator of satiety. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Drugs that increase activity in particular neurotransmitter systems are called agonists. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The effects of the selective muscarinic agonist methacholine were less consistent. Agonist-injected eyes were significantly shor ter (axial length, vitreous chamber depth) than vehicle-injected eyes. The spectrum of drug continuum also includes "partial agonists" and "partial inverse agonists", which comprise the wide majority of neurological clinical treatments. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Competitive agonists are used to prevent the activity of drugs, and to reverse the effects of drugs that have already been consumed. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. On the other hand, older people may be more resistant to the effect of others drugs such as beta-receptor agonists. In addition, phase contrast was often reduced after application of agonists, which is, apparently, related to the loss of intracellular membranous inclusions. The results obtained using adrenergic agonists and antagonists suggest that the effect of adrenaline would be due to an interaction with 2-receptors. The approach was to remove one of the agonists ("leave-one-out method") and then build the model with the other six agonists. Once minimal energy conformations of all structures were in hand, the next step was to overlap the three charged groups in the seven agonists. However, these drugs are pan agonists and act equally on all the alpha 2 receptor subtypes. Oxidation of nutrients in bull calves treated with beta adrenergic agonists. Sensitivity of platelets to all agonists is reduced; platelet function is compromised. Sequential image scans of fields containing 5-25 neurons were used to construct temporal profiles of the effects of the different agonists. In addition, labeled agonists can be used in live cells. Both biophores #13 and #16 represent dopamine-like agonists that have restricted conformation for the sake of enhanced binding. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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