| 词汇 | endothelium |
| 释义 | endothelium noun[ C ] medical specializeduk /ˌen.dəʊˈθiː.li.əm/ us /ˌen.doʊˈθiː.li.əm/pluralendotheliauk /ˌen.dəʊˈθiː.li.ə/ us /ˌen.doʊˈθiː.li.ə/ the thin layer of cells that cover the inside walls of the blood vessels, heart and some other body parts)内皮，内皮层 The circulatory system & blood ABO accessory pathway adventitia adventitial ANA auricle bicuspid valve gamma globulin glomus granulocyte haematogenous haemic haemodialysis phagocyte precava pulmonary artery pulmonary vein pulmonic Purkinje fibre tricuspid valve A bursa is a closed sac lined by endothelium and containing synovia. Changes were found in the endothelium of the blood vessels, the axis cylinders of nerves, and the muscles. The endothelium over these plates often disappears, leaving them exposed to the blood-stream. They show great variation in type, partly because of the number of different kinds of endothelium from which they are derived, and partly because the new connective tissue which is formed is liable to undergo transformation into other tissues. Thrombosis is more common in veins than in arteries, because slowing of the blood-stream and irritation of the endothelium of the vessel wall are, owing to the conditions of the venous circulation, more readily induced in veins. Examples of endotheliumendothelium The responses to ischemia and reperfusion also involves an inflammatory response, and inflammation involves interactions between circulating neutrophils and the endothelium. Smoking is toxic to the vascular endothelium through the production of free radicals and thus increased oxidative stress. In response to tissue injury, membranebound tissue factor is exposed on the endothelium and on mononuclear cells. Sequestering cells adhere to the endothelium via adhesion molecules, and also become activated via interaction with sequestered parasites. The above studies suggest a relationship between the increase in organ blood flow that typically occurs during pregnancy and the release of endothelium-derived dilators. Endothelium-derived relaxing factor and indomethacin-sensitive contracting factor alter arterial contractile responses to thromboxane during pregnancy. These cytokines activate macrophages and endothelium, further p r o p a g a t i n g local and systemic immune responses. Thus, the contribution of other endothelium-derived mechanisms and the effect of pregnancy on the vascular response to phenylephrine needs further investigation. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the immature endothelium on the contractile response. The endothelium plays an important role in this transition. Regulated by the endothelium, it also plays a conflicting role in inflammatory processes. Effect of endothelium-derived relaxing factor inhibition on the umbilical-placental circulation in fetal lambs in utero. In addition, functionally significant changes in surface expression of these adhesion molecules probably occur primarily during the three-stage process of adhesion to endothelium discussed above. The endothelium lies between the circulating blood and vascular smooth muscle and is stimulated by mechanical and hormonal signals. The endothelium of the arteries has a major role in modulating arterial function. See all examples of endothelium These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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