词汇 | endocarp |
释义 | BETA Examples of endocarpendocarp isn’t in the Cambridge Dictionary yet. You can help! The detected seeds were classified by appearance as healthy (with or without endocarp) or damaged (see text). This demonstrates that the endocarp is permeable to ethylene and does not interfere with ethylene production by the seed. Mechanical scarification of the endocarp at the proximal end of the seeds increased germination to 83 -94%. The period of endocarp use in 1996-97 was nearly identical to that in 1995-96. A hollow object is easier to crack in this way than a solid object, and a larva-containing endocarp is essentially a hollow object. Possibly, rodents are unable to determine whether endocarps are infested or not through the thick stony endocarp wall. We obtained insufficient squirrel-handled endocarps to make the same comparison for squirrels. A sound endocarp contained almost four times as much energy as did a bruchid-infested endocarp. Seeds (true seed plus endocarp) were used as a control. Seeds of all 21 seedlots of the seven species investigated are physically dormant due to a water-impermeable endocarp. Captive agoutis and squirrels readily ate larvae when presented without the surrounding endocarp, and preferred larvae to seeds. Before the fourth week, the fruits had a transparent gelatinous endocarp and distinctive embryos were not visible to the naked eye. The two fruit locules swell to full size and the endocarps that line the locules lignify. Nevertheless, agoutis and squirrels in our field experiment did not discriminate between endocarps with larvae and endocarps with intact seeds, in disagreement with our prediction. Dental marks on 26 endocarps left at the tent pegs showed that this handling was by agoutis and squirrels. A rodent now handling an endocarp would pull that endocarp away from the peg, and pull the other endocarp closer to the peg. Our selection of sound and infested endocarps was corroborated at the end of the preference experiment (see below) by opening endocarps and verifying their status. For endocarps with multiple seeds, the per cent remaining of each endosperm was estimated separately. The number of endocarps located near the parent tree was therefore a good index of endocarp use by squirrels, agoutis and white-lips. |
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