| 词汇 | cybernetics |
| 释义 | cybernetics noun[ U ] uk /ˌsaɪ.bəˈnet.ɪks/ us /ˌsaɪ.bɚˈnet̬.ɪks/ the scientific study of how information is communicated in machines and electronic devices, comparing this with how information is communicated in the brain and nervous system控制论，神经机械学 Communications - general words anti-satellite app autodial autodialler bar hack multimode multipath noise non-computer non-network patch patch someone through satellite silent watch party webchat Zoom bomb Zoombomber Zoombombing cybernetics | Business Englishcybernetics noun[ U ] uk /ˌsaɪbəˈnetɪks/ us /-bɚˈneṱ-/ the scientific study of how information is communicated in machines and pieces of electronic equipment in comparison with how information is communicated in the brain and nervous system: The paper deals with the ways in which cybernetics can be made use of in industry, particularly where the development, design, and even construction of computer systems is involved. cyberneticadjective Too often a simplistic cybernetic control model underpins performance measurement systems. Examples of cyberneticscybernetics Developments in cybernetics should be openly debated with accountability to the public, especially for investment of public funds. Most importantly, cybernetics was trumpeted as a universal science of government that would help to guide the social organization necessary for modernization. These grassroots ventures and speculative forays of biologists into the terra incognita of cybernetics certainly conveyed a growing interest. Ironically, while trying to show the limitations of man-machine metaphors, he himself borrowed the term feedback from the language of cybernetics. This process has been discovered quasi-independently in many fields over the last century and has correspondingly many names, among them self-organisation, auto-poieisis and cybernetics. Although information theory and cybernetics did not work in molecular biology on the technical level in the 1950s, it did survive on the discursive level. What is most remarkable, however, is that the discursive practice of information theory and cybernetics did survive despite that cognitive failure. In cybernetics, a machine is defined as a system capable of accomplishing actions that lead to a certain goal. Note, however, that circular causality and information were already key concepts of the cybernetics of the 1940s. Cybernetics was thus depicted as a pseudoscientific theory, a false philosophy, and an alien ideology at the same time. They are said to be based on the theory of cybernetics. The logical circularity inherent in this premise of cybernetics was not lost on keen observers. In the 1960s, a single field, cybernetics, was populated by information theorists, computer scientists, and neuroscientists, all studying common problems. True, cybernetics was informed by wartime research projects and embodied some elements of military thinking, patterns of encoded communication, and principles of command and control. We proposed the notions of functional system and return afferentation eleven years before the advent of cybernetics. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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