| 词汇 | cross-contamination |
| 释义 | cross-contamination noun[ U ] uk /ˌkrɒs.kən.tæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ us /ˌkrɑːs.kən.tæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ the process by which a substance that is harmful or dirty spreads from one area to another: 交叉污染 cross-contamination ofNew hygiene standards were introduced to avoid cross-contamination of cooked and raw meat. Cross-contamination can occur when farmers use the same equipment to harvest, store, and transport wheat and oats. Separate brushes will be used so there is not cross-contamination between products. This precaution avoids cross-contamination of harmful bacteria from one food to another. There's always a risk of cross-contamination when companies make different products at the same factory. Spreading and scattering all over the placeidiom bedaub bell bestrew billow dispersion disseminate dotted around dredge dusting encroach on/upon something fan out rambling scatteringly slap something on slather smear smudge smudgily sprinkle Examples of cross-contaminationcross-contamination Care was taken when handling aphids to avoid cross-contamination between different clones. The environmental investigation supported this finding, identifying poor food handling practices during preparation of the custard that might have resulted in cross-contamination. Another important application of species diagnosis is the purity control of the strains used to prepare live vaccines, thus avoiding potential cross-contamination. Additionally, some cases may have resulted from secondary transmission or possibly cross-contamination at the retail outlet. Laboratory cross-contamination was unlikely because the initial subtyping was done in different laboratories. Most outbreaks were linked to cross-contamination and inadequate heat treatment. The cross-contamination resulting from the overproduction was probably the main contributory factor of the outbreak. The lung or air sac, heart, liver, spleen, kidney and intestine were collected using different sets of instruments in order to prevent possible cross-contamination. Work was completed on the bank vole samples before work commenced on the wood mouse samples in order to reduce the risk of cross-contamination. It also allowed comparison of abattoir-collected samples to on-farm collected samples, without in-plant cross-contamination. Panspermia theories have been revived of late as a result of the acceptance that meteoritic cross-contamination could occur between terrestrial planets. Each treatment was randomly allocated to one of the huts for the duration of the trial to reduce the risk of cross-contamination between huts. Although effective, these methods often involve multiple steps which can be cumbersome and can increase the risk of cross-contamination between samples. Food and medical supplies were provided through a special arrangement, which ensured no cross-contamination between people inside and outside the hospital. The possibility that carrier birds also may constitute a vehicle for cross-contamination between factories cannot be excluded. See all examples of cross-contamination These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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