| 词汇 | cosmic-rays |
| 释义 | BETA cosmic rayscollocation in Englishmeanings of cosmicThese words are often used together. Click on the links below to explore the meanings. cosmic adjective uk /ˈkɒz.mɪk/ us /ˈkɑːz.mɪk/ relating to the universe and the natural processes that happen ... See more at cosmic Examples of cosmic rayscosmic rays Besides these conservation laws, an equation is required to describe the coupling between the cosmicrays and the thermal plasma. The number densities of the ionized species is usually computed in terms of the ionization rate of the cosmicrays. The model comprises a thermal plasma and cosmicrays. When cosmicrays encounter hydromagnetic waves or irregularities, they are scattered by the waves. We adopt the simplest model: a two-fluid model, comprising a thermal plasma and cosmicrays only. Consequently, the cosmicrays are advected by the irregularities or waves, and at the same time they diffuse through the plasma. The cosmicrays are considered to be a massless fluid with significant pressure. Actually, the cosmicrays and the thermal plasma are just components of a plasma system. If waves of different phase speeds are present, the cosmicrays diffuse in momentum space. However, the momentum equation is modified by the pressure gradient of cosmicrays and waves. In an afternoon they might discuss electrodynamics, cosmicrays, astrophysics, and nuclear physics. Ignoring collisions, the basic interaction between cosmicrays and the thermal plasma is mediated by the embedded magnetic field. Second, the time meteoroids have been travelling in space exposed to cosmicrays is relatively short, typically millions of years. Instead, cosmicrays would only be a serious threat for close sources (of the order of a few parsecs). The coupling between the cosmicrays and waves depends on the magnitude of the waves. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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