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词汇 copula
释义 copula
noun[ C ]
 language specializeduk /ˈkɒp.jə.lə/ us /ˈkɑː.pjə.lə/
a type of verb, of which the most common is "be", that joins the subject of the verb with a complement: 系(动)词
In the sentence "You smell nice", "smell" is a copula.在 You smell nice 这句话中,smell 是系动词。
Synonym
linking verbspecialized
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Linguistics: verb forms, tenses & types of verbs
accusative
art
bare infinitive
bent
continuous
finite
gerund
modality
non-finite
non-progressive
passive
passivization
perfective
phrasal verb
present participle
subjunctive
the active voice
the future perfect
the past continuous
the past tense

Grammar



Verbs: types
Main verbs have meanings related to actions, events and states. Most verbs in English are main verbs: …

Main verbs
Main verbs have meanings related to actions, events and states. Most verbs in English are main verbs: …

Linking verbs
Some main verbs are called linking verbs (or copular verbs). These verbs are not followed by objects. Instead, they are followed by phrases which give extra information about the subject (e.g. noun phrases, adjective phrases, adverb phrases or prepositional phrases). Linking verbs include: …

Auxiliary verbs
There are three auxiliary verbs in English: be, do and have. Auxiliary verbs come before main verbs. …

Modal verbs
The main modal verbs are: …

State and action verbs
A verb refers to an action, event or state. …

Examples of copula


copula
Specifically, these three forms were deletion of the copula, deletion of the auxiliary, and subject - verb variation.
In essence, this decision results in a distinction between copula and auxiliary functions of is and are.
For the dependent variable of zero copula, there are three variants.
Figure 3 summarizes the distributions of the zero copula by following grammatical environment.
Especially the copula seems to ensure that the subject and the predicate are in a definite logical relationship.
They never attempt to invert main verbs (other than copula be).
At the same time, we did see development in language-specific inflectional morphology and syntax required for copulas and lexical main verbs.
The first finite forms usually are modals and the copula\\auxiliary is, supplemented by a limited set of stative lexical verbs.
For this variable, the zero copula is near-categorical in conversation styles, occurring with 90% frequency.
Specifically, are and preceding vowels favor copula absence, whereas is and preceding consonants disfavor copula absence.
The sociolinguistic approach to copula contrast does not surface in the textbooks or in classroom discussion.
Minor register variation patterns are introduced by variation in equational and copula verb constructions, and by avoidance of some of the case variables.
Copula can modify a verb phrase only if the value of the feature (head copula) is allowed.
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
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