Examples of centromere

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The number above the centromere (big closed circle) shows the chromosome number.
The remaining chromatin is condensed, non-polytene -heterochromatin, found as a compact region around the centromere of each chromosome.
Small differences, noted in the centromere index values of chromosomes pair 3 and 5, may arise due to differential condensation among the metaphases.
Is satellite functionally involved in the construction of centromeres ?
It always refers to the chromosome with the intact centromere.
It is generally accepted that recombination near the centromere is restricted in proportion to chromosomal length.
This defined the short arm versus long arm groups of genes according to their position relative to the centromere.
The most likely genomic locations are given as distances from the centromere.
However, due to the properties of the chromosomes, the chromosomes cannot complete the separation cleanly and the centromere cohesion cannot be removed properly.
Therefore, variation in the centromere index values may be greater in chromosomes with unequal arms.
Specialized nucleosomes facilitate the function of chromosome centromeres and telomeres.
In metaphase, sister chromatids are held together by cohesion along chromosome arms and between centromeres.
Decondensing agents have been used to study the organisation of the centromere.

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