| 词汇 | to |
| 释义 | to preposition ukstrong /tuː/weak /tʊ/weak /tu/weak /tə/usstrong /tuː/weak /tə/weak /t̬ə/weak /tu/ topreposition (INFINITIVE)A1 used before a verb to show that it is in the infinitive（用于动词前，表示不定式） A1 used after some verbs, especially when the action described in the infinitive will happen later: （用于某些动词后，尤其是不定式所描述的动作将会随后发生时） She agreed to help.她答应帮忙。 I'll have to tell him.我得告诉他。 Sadly, she didn't live to see her grandchildren.令人伤心的是，她没有活到孙辈出生的那一天。 A1 used after many verbs of agreeing, needing, and wanting: （用于许多表示赞成、需要和想要的动词后） I need to eat something first.我首先得吃点东西。 I'd love to live in New York.我想要住在纽约。 That child ought to be in bed.那个孩子应该上床睡觉。 A2 used instead of repeating a verb clause: （用于代替动词分句，以免重复） "Are you going tonight?" "I'm certainly hoping to."“你今晚要走吗？”“我当然希望走。” A1 used in phrases where there are reported orders and requests: （用于表示间接命令、要求的短语中） He told me to wait.他叫我等。 Did anyone ask Daniel to reserve the room?有人要丹尼尔订房间了吗？ A1 used after some adjectives: （用于某些形容词后） It's not likely to happen.这事不大可能发生。 Three months is too long to wait.等3个月太久了。 She's not strong enough to go hiking up mountains.她身体不够壮，登不上山。 used after some nouns: （用于某些名词后） He has this enviable ability to ignore everything that's unpleasant in life.他有这种令人羡慕的本事，能够不去理睬生活中的种种不快。 This will be my second attempt to make flaky pastry.这将是我第二次尝试制作薄馅饼皮。 A clause containing to + infinitive can be used as the subject of a sentence: （含有带 to 的不定式的分句可用作句子主语） To go overseas on your own is very brave.只身去国外，真勇敢。 My plan was to get it all arranged before I told anyone.我的计划是先把一切都安排好再告诉别人。 A1 used after question words: （用于疑问词后） I don't know what to do.我不知道该怎么办。 Can you tell me how to get there?你能告诉我怎样去那儿吗？ A2 used with an infinitive to express use or purpose: （与不定式连用，表示用途或目的） I'm going there to see my sister.我要去那儿看望我的姐姐。 This tool is used to make holes in leather.这个工具是用来在皮革上打眼的。 To make this cake, you'll need two eggs, 175 grams of sugar, and 175 grams of flour.做这个蛋糕，你需要两个鸡蛋、175克糖和175克面粉。 He works to get paid, not because he enjoys it.他工作是为了挣钱，而不是因为喜欢工作。 You can introduce a clause with a phrase containing to + infinitive: （含有带 to 的不定式的短语可引出分句） To be honest (= speaking honestly), Becky, I like thegrey shirt better.说实话，贝姬，我更喜欢那件灰色的衬衫。 To tell you the truth, I never really liked the man.坦率地跟你说，我从未真正地喜欢过这个男人。 A1 used with an infinitive after 'there is' or 'there are' and a noun: （与不定式连用，用于 there be + 名词这种结构后） There's an awful lot of work to be done.有许许多多的工作要做。 to be going on withUK To be going on with means in order to continue with the present activity or situation: 为了继续做下去 Do we have enough paint to be going on with, or should I get some more while I'm out?继续下去我们的油漆够用吗，我是不是该外出时再买一些？ This meat is difficult to chew.这肉很难嚼。 On a hot day it's lovely to hear the chink of ice in a glass. I'd prefer not to work but I don't have much choice . It's impossible to park in the city centre.市中心根本无法停车。 There was a clap of thunder and then it started to pour with rain.轰隆一声雷鸣，接着就下起了倾盆大雨。 Until a particular moment before date day far hitherto in inside interim meanwhile now pending thus till time to dateidiom until up to (doing) somethingidiom wait till/until ...idiom topreposition (SHOWING DIRECTION)A1 in the direction of: 向…的方向，沿…的方向 We're going to town on the bus, okay?我们坐公共汽车去城里，好吗？ We went to Prague last year.我们去年去了布拉格。 I asked someone the way to the town centre.我向人问了去市中心的路。 You can walk from here to the school in under ten minutes.你可以从这儿走到学校，用不了10分钟。 I asked Kirsten and Kai to dinner (= invited them to come and eat dinner with me) next week.我邀请了柯尔斯滕和卡伊下星期来吃饭。 We received another invitation to a wedding this morning.今天上午我们又收到了一份参加婚礼的请柬。 I had my back to them, so I couldn't see what they were doing.我背对着他们，所以看不见他们在做什么。 She walked over to the window.她走到窗边来。 He went up to a complete stranger and started talking.他走到一个完全陌生的人跟前，开始和对方交谈起来。 UKYou've got your sweater on back to front(= with the back of the sweater on the chest).你的毛衣前后穿反了。 She goes to her doctor for regular check-ups.她去医生那里接受常规体检。 She gave a cheesy grin to the cameras.她冲着镜头做作地一笑。 Take your purchases to the sales desk, and the assistant will wrap them for you. When we retire, we're going to move to a warmer climate.我们打算退休后搬到气候比较暖和的地方去。 We're going to the airport by coach.我们要坐大巴去机场。 Describing movement towards -wards -ways at convergent earthward facing for forward forwards hither inwards on oncoming onward onwards thither up ward way wise topreposition (RECEIVING)A2 used for showing who receives something or who experiences an action: （表示动作的对象）对，给 I lent my bike to my brother.我把自行车借给了我哥哥。 I told that to Alex and he just laughed.我把那件事告诉了阿历克斯，他笑了。 Who's the letter addressed to?这封信是寄给谁的？ A2 With many verbs that have two objects, 'to' can be used before the indirect object: （与许多可接双宾语的动词连用，用于间接宾语前） Give me that gun./Give that gun to me.给我那把枪／把那把枪给我。 Who should I make out this cheque to ? When you've finished your work sheets, clip them together and hand them in to me.练习题做完后，把它们别在一起交给我。 He's a great comfort to his mother.他是母亲的莫大慰藉。 Has the news been communicated to the staff yet?消息传达给员工了吗？ If the service was so bad why didn't you complain to the manager?如果服务质量这么差的话，你为什么不向经理投诉呢？ topreposition (UNTIL)B1 until a particular time, state, or level is reached: 距;到;至 It's only two weeks to Christmas.离圣诞节只有两星期了。 Unemployment has risen to almost eight million.失业人数已经上升到了差不多800万。 He drank himself to death.他酗酒而死。 She nursed me back to health.她护理我直到康复。 A1 used when saying the time, to mean before the stated hour: （表示时间）在…之前;距;差 It's twenty to six.差20分到6点。 Cheap rate for overseas phone calls is from 8 p.m. to 8 a.m.打国际长途的优惠时段是从晚上8点至早上8点。 The Spanish Civil War lasted from 1936 to 1939.西班牙内战从1936年持续到1939年。 My daughter cried herself to sleep about it for about a week. Molly studied music to grade 7, I think it was. The whole course was a disaster from start to finish. Until a particular moment before date day far hitherto in inside interim meanwhile now pending thus till time to dateidiom until up to (doing) somethingidiom wait till/until ...idiom You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics: Days & times of day topreposition (EXTREME)used to suggest an extreme state: （表示极端的状态） Look at your shirt - it's torn to shreds!看看你的衬衫——都成碎片了！ She was thrilled to bits.她激动得不行。 I was bored to tears.我感到无聊极了。 topreposition (CONNECTION)B1 in connection with: 关于，至于 What was their response to your query?他们对你的询问作何反应？ She was so mean to me.她对我很粗暴。 There's a funny side to everything.任何事物都有其滑稽的一面。 B1 used to say where something is fastened or connected: （用于表示被系住或连接的地方） The paper was stuck to the wall with tape.纸张被用胶带贴在了墙上。 A fast rail service connects us to the city.快速铁路把我们和城市连接了起来。 She has no rightful claim to the title.她并没有获得这一头衔的正当权利。 Like so many men, he has problems committing himself to a relationship.像许多男人一样，他也存在用情不专的问题。 She is known chiefly for her commitment to nuclear disarmament.她主要以全力支持核裁军运动而出名。 The public's response to the crisis appeal was generous and compassionate.公众对危难时刻的呼吁表现得慷慨大方、富有同情心。 They planned to put up a statue to the president. topreposition (FUTURE)used before an infinitive, usually with 'be', to indicate a future action: （用于不定式前，通常和 be 连用，构成将来时） The government announced today that it is to cut funding for the arts for next year.今天政府宣布明年要削减对艺术的资助。 See also to-be mainly UK used in this pattern to say what someone should do or to give an order: （表示命令或指出某人应该做什么） You're not to (= you must not) bite your nails like that.你不准那样咬指甲。 Newspapers often use to + infinitive without 'be' in their headlines (= titles of articles) when reporting planned future events: （报纸标题中常用 to + 不定式这种结构，前面不加 be，表示未来计划中的事） Russia to send troops in.俄罗斯即将派兵。 We are to leave tomorrow at dawn. You are to go to your room immediately. If he is to pass the exam, he must do more work. Troops are to take over the role of the fire brigade. He said we were not to leave the room. Linguistics: verb forms, tenses & types of verbs accusative art auxiliary bare infinitive bent continuous copula finite gerund modality non-finite non-progressive passive passivization perfective phrasal verb subjunctive the active voice the past continuous the past tense topreposition (CAUSING)C2 causing a particular feeling in a particular person: 令（某人）感到… That's when I found out, to my amazement, that she was coming here.令我惊讶的是，那时候我得知她正要到这里来。 To their great surprise, they all passed the exam. I learned, to my annoyance, that he had already left. To my complete horror, the car turned right over. To my despair, I saw that the water was rising. Causing things to happen activation actuation agent attribute attribute something to someone breed give rise toidiom hyperstimulate hyperstimulation implement implementation prompt proximately put someone to somethingidiom Pygmalion effect reactivate realization render spark spell topreposition (CONSIDERED BY)considered by: 对…而言;在…看来 I realize it may sound strange to you.我意识到对你而言这听上去可能很奇怪。 I mean, £50 is nothing to him (= he would not consider it a large amount).我的意思是，50英镑对他而言算不了什么。 informal"I hear you've been going out with Ella." "Yeah, so? What's it to you?" (= It should not interest you, and you have no right to ask about it.)“我听说你在和艾拉谈恋爱。”“哟，这和你有什么关系？” Our house must seem luxurious to them. Loyalty doesn't mean anything to them. It seemed odd to me that they didn't want to come to London. Our customs probably seem funny to them. topreposition (SERVING)B1 serving: 为…效力，为…服务 As a personal trainer to the rich and famous, he earns over a million dollars a year.他做富人和名流的私人教练一年挣100多万美元。 He was footman to the king. He was doctor to the poor. She was maid to a rich family in London. topreposition (AGAINST)against or very near: 靠着;顶着;非常接近 Stand back to back.背靠背站着。 They were dancing cheek to cheek.他们在跳贴面舞。 Their faces were nose to nose, scowling at each other. The children stood back to back to see who was tallest. He was standing, hand to mouth in horror. Through, across, opposite and against across across countryidiom against agin along catty-corner cross front give give onto something kitty-corner on opposite other over overland through thru unblock topreposition (BELONGING)matching or belonging to: 与…相配;属于 My dad gave me the keys to his car.爸爸把他的车钥匙给了我。 I've lost the trousers to this jacket.我把和这件夹克相配的裤子弄丢了。 having as a characteristic feature: 有…的特征 She has a mean side to her.她性格中有刻薄的一面。 There is a very moral tone to this book.这本书很有道德教育的意味。 Is there a cover to this book? There is a softer side to her nature. I gave her the password to my computer. topreposition (SHOWING POSITION)B1 used to show the position of something or someone in comparison with something or someone else: （表示相对位置） John's standing to the left of Adrian in the photo.照片中约翰站在阿德里安的左边。 The Yorkshire Dales are twenty miles to the north of the city.约克郡山谷位于这个城市以北20英里处。 Next to and beside abreast adjacency adjacent adjacently adjoining against at someone's elbowidiom beside bordering contiguity contiguous elbow neighbour next next door next door but oneidiom next door to someone/something non-contiguous shoulder side topreposition (IN HONOUR OF)in honour or memory of: 为向…表示敬意;为了纪念 I proposed a toast to the bride and the groom.我提议为新娘新郎干杯。 The record is dedicated to her mother, who died recently.这张唱片是献给她不久前去世的母亲的。 The book is dedicated to her son. I'd like to dedicate the movie to the memory of my father. topreposition (FOR EACH)for each: 每 How many dollars are there to the pound?1英镑等于多少美元？ This car does about 40 miles to the gallon.这辆车每加仑汽油可行驶大约40英里。 When we go swimming together I do six lengths to her twelve.如果我们一起去游泳，她每游12个来回而我只能游6个。 Compare per How many euros are there to the pound? There are three children to each teacher. Linguistics: both, all, each & every A, a all all roundphrase any apiece both both sides both something and something each either every every minuteidiom pan per pop strength the throw whole topreposition (BETWEEN)B2 used in phrases that show a range: （用于短语中，表示范围） There were probably 30 to 35 (= a number between 30 and 35) people there.那儿可能有30到35个人。 The police are expecting four to five thousand marchers tomorrow. We have allowed two to four drinks per person. Range and limits all the way toidiom ambit anywhere at largeidiom band breadth compass diapason dividing line finite finitely finitude gamut hedge non-binary parameter parametric parametrically point spread stretch topreposition (AT THE SAME TIME AS)at the same time as music or other sound: 与（音乐或其他声音）同时，伴随 I like exercising to music.我喜欢跟着音乐做运动。 He left the stage to the sound of booing.他在一片嘘声中离开了舞台。 topreposition (POSITIVE)relating to a positive reaction or result: 适合，符合;利于 When the pasta is done to your liking, drain the water.把意大利面煮到你认为合适的程度时，倒掉水。 I think being at the meeting would be to your advantage.我认为出席会议会对你有利。 topreposition (COMPARED WITH)B1UK compared with: 与…相比 She's earning a reasonable wage, but nothing to what she could if she was in the private sector.她的收入还可以，但如果她在私营企业工作收入会高得多。 Paul beat me by three games to two (= he won three and I won two).保罗以3比2打败了我。 He was old enough to be her father - she looked about 30 to his 60.他老得可以当她的爸爸——她看上去约30岁，而他有60岁。 I live to the north of Warsaw. I weigh ten stone to his eight. She thinks her house is great, but it's nothing to where I live. Comparing and contrasting analogy antithesis apple as againstidiom balance something against something comparative contradistinction contrast contrastive contrastively cross-reference measure mutatis mutandis next nonrelative perspective relative relativity shame stack GrammarNo or not? No and not are the two most common words we use to indicate negation. We use no before a noun phrase: … To To is a preposition. It is also used as part of the infinitive (the to-infinitive): … To as a preposition: destination or direction We can use to as a preposition to indicate a destination or direction: … To as a preposition: receiver of an action We use to with verbs such as give, hand, send, write, to indicate the person or thing that receives or experiences the object of the verb: … To as a preposition: time We use to in telling the time, when we refer to the number of minutes before the hour: … To as a preposition: approximate numbers We can use to when we refer to an approximate number somewhere between a lower number and a higher number: … To as a preposition: after nouns A number of nouns are followed by to. These include nouns expressing direction or destination such as door, entrance, road, route, way: … To as a preposition: after verbs Some verbs are followed by the preposition to, including be used, get used, listen, look forward, object, reply, respond: … To as a preposition: after adjectives Some adjectives connected with people’s behaviour and feelings are followed by to, including cruel, faithful, generous, kind, loyal, nasty: … To: the to-infinitive We use to before a verb to make the to-infinitive form: … At, in and to (movement) We use to when we are talking about movement in the direction of a point, place, or position: … Nouns Nouns are one of the four major word classes, along with verbs, adjectives and adverbs. Nouns are the largest word class. … Not only … but also We use not only X but also Y in formal contexts: … Types of nouns A noun refers to a person, animal or thing. Some examples are: … to adverb uk /tuː/ us /tuː/ mainly UK into a closed position: 关着地 I'll just push the door to.我只是要把门推上。 Open and closed airtight ajar barred closed crack gaping hermetic hermetically sealed hour latch off-hours open outspread patency sealed shut unbarricaded unopened watertight wide-eyed GrammarNo or not? No and not are the two most common words we use to indicate negation. We use no before a noun phrase: … To To is a preposition. It is also used as part of the infinitive (the to-infinitive): … To as a preposition: destination or direction We can use to as a preposition to indicate a destination or direction: … To as a preposition: receiver of an action We use to with verbs such as give, hand, send, write, to indicate the person or thing that receives or experiences the object of the verb: … To as a preposition: time We use to in telling the time, when we refer to the number of minutes before the hour: … To as a preposition: approximate numbers We can use to when we refer to an approximate number somewhere between a lower number and a higher number: … To as a preposition: after nouns A number of nouns are followed by to. These include nouns expressing direction or destination such as door, entrance, road, route, way: … To as a preposition: after verbs Some verbs are followed by the preposition to, including be used, get used, listen, look forward, object, reply, respond: … To as a preposition: after adjectives Some adjectives connected with people’s behaviour and feelings are followed by to, including cruel, faithful, generous, kind, loyal, nasty: … To: the to-infinitive We use to before a verb to make the to-infinitive form: … to | American Dictionaryto preposition us/tu, tʊ, tə/ topreposition (INFINITIVE)used before a verb showing that it is in the infinitive: She agreed to help. I asked her to finish by Friday. I need to eat something. I’d love to visit New York. I want to go now. "To" followed by an infinitive is used after adjectives: It’s not likely to happen. I was afraid to tell her. "To" followed by an infinitive is used after nouns: He has the ability to do two things at once. "To" followed by an infinitive can begin a clause: To be honest (= Speaking honestly), I prefer the gray skirt. "To" followed by an infinitive can be used to express requests or orders: Is it possible to have tea instead? You’re not to go there by yourself. "To" followed by an infinitive is used after "how," "what," "when," "where," "whether," "which," "who," "whom," or "whose": I don’t know what to do. Can you tell me how to get there? "To" followed by an infinitive is used after "enough": I was close enough to touch him. topreposition (INSTEAD OF VERB)used instead of a verb clause when answering questions: "Would you like to go to the movies tonight?" "Yes, I’d love to." topreposition (FOR)for the purpose of doing something: I asked Helen out to dinner. topreposition (SHOWING DIRECTION)in the direction of or as far as: We went to Montreal last year. I’m going to the bank. We were in mud up to our ankles. "To" can be used to show the position of something or someone in relation to something or someone else: We came face to face in the elevator. The Rocky Mountains are to the west of the Great Plains. "To" can show something is on or around something: Can you tie the dog’s leash to the fence? topreposition (BETWEEN)used in phrases that show a range of things or a distance between places: There must have been 30 to 35 people there. We got two to three inches of snow at home. Read pages 10 to 25. It’s two to three hundred miles from Boston to Washington. topreposition (RECEIVING)used for showing who receives something or who experiences an action: I told that story to Glen. Who’s the letter addressed to? topreposition (IN CONNECTION WITH)in connection with: They exercise to music. What was their response to that news? topreposition (COMPARED WITH)compared with: Paul beat me three games to two. I scored 80 to Talia’s 90. topreposition (UNTIL)until a particular time, state, or condition is reached: It’s only two weeks to your birthday. We’re open daily from 2 to 6 p.m. My shirt was torn to shreds. "To" is used, when giving the time, to mean minutes before the stated hour: It’s twenty to six. topreposition (CAUSING)causing a particular feeling or effect in someone: To my great relief, she decided against going. topreposition (CONSIDERED BY)considered by: Does this make any sense to you? Fifty dollars is very little to him. topreposition (MATCHING)matching or belonging to: the top to a bottle the keys to my apartment There is a funny side to everything. topreposition (FOR EACH)for each of; per: This car gets about 30 miles to the gallon. |
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