| 词汇 | calque |
| 释义 | calque noun[ C ] language specializeduk /kælk/ us /kælk/ a word taken from one language and translated in a literal or word for word way to be used in another: 翻译借用（的外来语） "Groundhog" may be a calque from Dutch "aertoercken." 英语的“groundhog（土拨鼠）”可能是对荷兰语的“aertoercken”的仿译。 Synonym loan translation Linguistic terms & linguistic style accentual affricate allophone allophony anaphor contextualize emphatic entailment etymological etymologically etymologist idiomatic inflected language philological philologically polysemy portmanteau word prescriptivism stylistics tautology Examples of calquecalque With respect to the lexicon, there are calques or loan translations, particularly among verbs. To this effect, he reduces the typology of transfer to the following categories: adoption, replacement, elimination, functional calque, restructuring, amplification, and reduction. There are marked differences in cultural and lexical knowledge, as well as in the amount of syntactic calques, between representatives of different generations. The table indicates that calques are relatively more utilized by younger subjects (3.91%) than older subjects (2%). A loan translation, also called a calque, is the result of a process in which each morpheme or word is translated by the equivalent morpheme or word in another language. Only calques may involve structural interference as well, and they do so when the complex source-language structure is structurally different from receiving-language structure and the calque preserves the source-language pattern. Code-switching is distinct from other language contact phenomena, such as borrowing, pidgins and creoles, loan translation (calques), and language transfer (language interference). From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Cases are still occasionally used productively as deliberate archaisms, which are often calques of existing phrases. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The words of foreign origin or loanwords illustrate those processes: calques, loanwords, the distinction between function words and content words. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The term symplectic is a calque of complex, introduced by; previously, the symplectic group had been called the line complex group. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. This serves as an indication of its pedigree as a calque. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. However, the calque "ftbolti" is at least equally common. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. On the other hand, spill-overs have imported useful source-language calques and loanwords that have enriched the target languages. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. In addition to this are neologisms, often being calques. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Often they use corresponding morphemes to the original term, and thus qualify as calques. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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