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词汇 calculus
释义 calculus
noun
uk /ˈkæl.kjə.ləs/ us /ˈkæl.kjə.ləs/

calculusnoun (CALCULATION)


[ U ] mathematics specialized
an area of advanced mathematics in which continuously changing values are studied: 微积分
Did you do calculus at A level?
It is essential to understand functions and derivatives, key building blocks in calculus.
[ singular ]
a way of calculating, judging, or deciding something in a complicated situation:
There is a very tricky political calculus involved here.
The piece about jury screening discusses the decision-making calculus itself.
The new legislation changes the calculus for car manufacturers.
Many people are terrified of learning calculus.
If turnout were to increase by just a few percent, that would change the calculus of our elections.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Branches & types of mathematics
algebra
arithmetic
biomathematics
catastrophe theory
derivative
differential calculus
differentiate
differentiation
Euclidean
game theory
geometric
mathematically
maths
mensuration
mental arithmetic
non-Euclidean
non-mathematical
trig
trigonometric
trigonometry

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:


Analysing and evaluating

calculusnoun (MEDICAL)


[ C ] medical specializedpluralcalculi
a mass of a hard mineral substance that is formed in the body, for example in the kidneys or gall bladder:
Stones that form in the kidney or bladder are called urinary calculi.
See also
gallstone
kidney stone
[ U ] medical specialized
a hard substance that forms on the teeth: 牙石,牙垢
The disease process begins when plaque on the tooth hardens to tartar, which hardens further to become calcified tartar, or calculus.
Compare
tartar
Measures to remove biliary tract calculi can be considered, although from the present study stones recurred in 12 of 12 patients.
A 70-year-old male with gout and known renal calculi presents with left flank pain.
Because your body is fighting off the calculus, periodontal disease is stressing the entire immune system.
The body attacks the calculus below the gum line, leading to inflammation and bleeding gums.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Disorders of the urinary system
ADPKD
albuminuria
aldosteronism
aminoaciduria
ARPKD
bladder calculus
bladder lesion
bladder polyp
bladder tumour
CKD
glomerulonephritis
hyperoxaluria and oxalosis
hypospadias
incontinence
incontinent
polycystic kidney disease
porphyria
prostate enlargement
proteinuria
renal failure

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:


Disease & illness - general words
Problems with bones, joints & teeth
Examples from literature

Conversely, given the force at every point, and the initial position and velocity, the rules of the integral calculus assist us in calculating the position and velocity of the body at any future time. 
He creates mathematics, and discovers that the phenomena of the heavens and the earth are ruled according to the laws of the calculus. 
Naturally the student who is equipped with these subjects as well as with the calculus will be a little more mature, and may be expected to follow the course all the more easily. 
Then, still others divide and subdivide, and science becomes the sciences, and mathematics becomes arithmetic, and algebra, and geometry, and trigonometry, and calculus, and astronomy. 

calculus | American Dictionary


calculus
noun[ U ]
us/ˈkæl·kjə·ləs/
mathematics
the mathematical study of continually changing values
mathematics
the mathematical study of continually changing values

Examples of calculus


calculus
Qualitative spatial representation and reasoning with the region connection calculus.
The sequent calculus we consider just has implication, no structural rules and a changed axiom.
The latter is a sequent calculus that needs none of the standard structural rules of weakening, contraction or cut.
In their analysis, they used motor calculus and the concept of virtual work coefficient.
Because of this extension, the naive adaptation of labelled bisimulations from the pi calculus is too strong to be useful for the purposes of verification.
A weak head reduction relation is defined for the expressions of the calculus.
Focusing on simple cognitive heuristics does not make the application of rational standards derived from formal calculi unnecessary.
This requirement is essential in the simply typed calculus for obtaining non-trivial inequalities.
The understanding of the proof-theoretic structure of a logic demands more than simply describing its sequent calculus.
Each set of equivalence classes is called a limited model of simply typed lambda calculus.
This is in contrast to the simply typed lambda calculus and its extensions, which ignore type information at runtime.
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
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