Examples of swimbladder

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Under these circumstances, genes useful in the defence against swimbladder nematodes may have been selected.
In addition, as the swimbladder accumulates the alterations caused by repetitive infection events, the swimbladder index also better reflects the history of the host-parasite interaction.
We also revealed a non-linear relationship between the swimbladder index and the abundance of living worms.
The swimbladder degenerative index was fitted by a multinomial ordinal distribution using a logit-link function.
Of particular interest is the non-linear relationship between the damage observed in the swimbladder and the parasite count of lumen worms.
Thus, the health state of the swimbladder may provide a better index of parasite pressure than the number of living worms.
They also emphasized the loss of the natural yellowish transparency of the swimbladder wall that goes through a 'smoke-like opacity ' in cases of infection.
The swimbladder of each eel was removed and examined for parasites.
Furthermore, all parasites on the skin, fins, gills, swimbladder and eye were determined to species level as far as possible.
The gills, eyes, liver, heart, spleen, gonads and swimbladder were examined for parasites.
We argue that the swimbladder degenerative index more closely reflects the parasite pressure than does classic parasite count.
The last criterion concerned the thickness of the swimbladder wall.
The first criterion focused on the transparency-opacity of the swimbladder wall.
Organs examined by means of a stereomicroscope included gills, eyes, muscle, liver, spleen, mesentery, swimbladder, kidneys, heart, brain and the gastrointestinal tract.
Among those eels that showed no macroscopical sign of infection, 38 individuals harboured lumen worms in their swimbladder (39 %).
In summary, the health state of the swimbladder may represent an easy and meaningful measure in epidemiological studies of anguillicolosis.
The explanation is obviously evident when there remains no lumen in the swimbladder.
The swimbladder may show no sign of degeneration, despite harbouring living nematodes.
Authors all recommended the use of a thickness criterion for the swimbladder wall, some of them even performing a graduated measure.

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