| 词汇 | surrogate |
| 释义 | surrogate adjective[ before noun ] uk /ˈsʌr.ə.ɡət/ us /ˈsɝː.ə.ɡət/ replacing someone else or used instead of something else: 替代的;代理的 Because she had no children of her own, her friend's son became a kind of surrogate child to her.因为她自己没有孩子，所以她就把朋友的儿子当成了自己的孩子。 Replacing and exchanging alternate alternatively bargain something away behalf change over compensation instead of lieu make up for something name novate shoe sing someone's answer to someone/somethingidiom spare sub out something substitutability substitutable substitution substitutive surrogate noun[ C ] uk /ˈsʌr.ə.ɡət/ us /ˈsɝː.ə.ɡət/ something that replaces or is used instead of something else: 替代;代理 For some people, reading travel books is a surrogate for actual travel.对某些人来说，读游记可以替代真正的旅行。 a person who acts or speaks in support of someone else, or does his or her job for a certain time: 代理人，代班者，代言人 Both candidates in the election have turned to celebrity surrogates to excite the crowds.参选的两位候选人都求助于名人代言人来激发观众的热情。 (alsosurrogate mother) a woman who has a baby for another person who is unable to become pregnant or have a baby: 代孕妈妈 She has agreed to act as a surrogate mother for her sister.她已经同意为她姐姐代孕了。 Replacing and exchanging alternate alternatively bargain something away behalf change over compensation instead of lieu make up for something name novate shoe sing someone's answer to someone/somethingidiom spare sub out something substitutability substitutable substitution substitutive You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics: Supporters, members & defenders Obstetrics: pregnancy surrogate | American Dictionarysurrogate noun[ C ] us/ˈsɜr·ə·ɡɪt, -ˌɡeɪt/ someone or something that replaces or is used instead of someone or something else; a substitute for another: She seems to regard him as a surrogate for her father. Examples of surrogatesurrogate Some surrogates need to review what the patient and/or family has experienced in the past with end of life issues. Whilst the dependency burden from unmarried children decreased with parental age, surrogate parenthood of grandchildren showed no appreciable decline with age. This may not be possible within a trial setting, and the assessment of surrogate endpoints should then be considered. In addition, they usually use results based on surrogate or intermediate endpoints to obtain the final endpoints. There might be reason to probe a little further with a surrogate decisionmaker who is refusing pain medications on behalf of a patient. For those patients who did want to be resuscitated, 16% of surrogates believed they did not. Given that disorganized attachment is associated with negative long-term outcomes, foster placement with nonnurturing surrogate caregivers appears to be problematic. Participants spoke of the time they spent with neighbours' children, some even described this relationship as being like a surrogate grandparent. None of the surrogate-reared rhesus infants exhibited the normal diurnal decrease in cortisol over the daytime hours. They found that their model predicted patients' treatment preferences with essentially the same accuracy as surrogates. The most common reason for ethics consultation for our ethics committee is when patients, or their surrogates, demand treatments that will provide no measurable benefit. A variety of reasons might be given to prefer one or another of the surrogates listed above. Thus, soil moisture monitored from burned forests may be used as surrogates for unburned adjacent forests. Perhaps the instrument lacked sufficient sensitivity to measure improvements in surrogate accuracy. Because surrogates often help dying patients access care, incomplete knowledge of hospice may be an important barrier to hospice services. See all examples of surrogate These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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