Examples of successional

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The successional system had a slightly more acidic soil condition than the three other systems.
Lianas may be most abundant, therefore, in early successional habitats before canopy closure.
Few successional species are present, although they show increasing cover values.
The successional stages consisted of secondary forests of 2, 10 and 20 years old and primary forest.
They may compensate for the higher seed removal rate in young successional stages by a high and continuous fruit production.
Slow invasions of epiphytes may also influence the successional development of epiphyte communities.
The successional groups were represented by 16 pioneer, 20 early secondary, 29 late-secondary and 15 climax species.
Large-sized pioneer species dominating early successional stands suffered greater damage and mortality, but these same species were observed as seedlings in newly formed canopy gaps.
Results suggest that asymmetric competition and resulting patterns of tree-thinning are major driving forces determining secondary forest successional pathways.
For analysis, the wheat fields and the three successional stages of wildflower areas were considered as four different habitat types.
Thus, within only five groups, which were distinguished by maximum tree heights, one in addition contained all early successional species.
For the common leaves experiment, senescent leaves from one site (early successional forest) were set out to decompose in each site.
Thus, different successional stages were more important than the identity of leaf species in determining the distribution of shredders among the leaves.
The earliest successional stage was represented by a landslide along a pathway.
The structure of low v'rzea depends on the successional stage, and species diversa ity increases with increasing age of the formations.
The forest is a mosaic of successional stages where the intact canopy of large trees is adjacent to gaps and secondary growth areas.
When noninoculated, the pioneers and early secondary species had lower concentrations of the macronutrients than the species belonging to late-successional groups.
The accentuated mycotrophism of the early successional species may be involved in their establishment, growth, survival and early forest structuring on low-fertility soils.

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