词汇 | subcortical |
释义 | subcortical adjective anatomy specializeduk /sʌbˈkɔː.tɪ.kəl/ us /sʌbˈkɔːr.t̬ɪ.kəl/ relating to part of the brain that is below the cerebral cortex (= the layer that covers the top part of the brain, responsible for language, thinking, creating new ideas, etc.): Executive functions are located in the frontal lobes and subcortical regions of the brain. As morning nears, subcortical brain activity linked to the circadian cycle increases. Subcortical lesions may give rise to problems in word retrieval. Like the appetitive system, the defence pathways are primarily subcortical. Patients with subcortical disorders exhibit slowness and rigidity of thinking. The brain & nervous system abducens nerve abducent nerve accessory nerve alexithymia allism glossopharyngeal nerve grey matter hemispheric hemispherical hindbrain neurofibrillary neurogenic neurogenically neuroglia neuroglial reinnervation reticular formation rhinencephalon rhombencephalon right brain Related wordscortical cortex Examples of subcorticalsubcortical Rather, selection could have favored some larger subcortical feature, resulting in a large neo-cortex as a byproduct. External noise sources (subcortical input) replace opera singers (pacemakers). Do subcortical structures control language selection in bilinguals? In this instance, we might expect overactivity of these subcortical structures in a maladaptive response. The implicit form of skill learning seems to rely mainly upon subcortical structures. Although the cortex has received the most attention by cognitive neuroscientists, the subcortical generation of complex behavior is an often overlooked constraint on cortical representation. However, these kinds of modulation do not necessarily exclude subcortical-cortical modulation, that is, bottom-up modulation. In carrying out these functions, the subcortical motivational systems can access cortical attentional systems to make their coping responses more effective. A few studies have examined the particular cognitive features of subcortical ischaemic vascular dementia. The validity of a construct of vascular subcortical syndrome needs to be tested in a population setting. Is subcortical disease associated with a poor response to antidepressants? The deficit is mainly subcortical, involving executive dysfunction, depression and anxiety. The response of the subcortical nonspecific system is generally slower by about 50- 60 ms than that of the cortical specific systems. The subcortical cytoplasm contains numerous vesicles, smaller but with the same content as the cortical vesicles. If the cortex were organized in this manner, one would suspect that experimental results would have established such themes, as it has for subcortical structures. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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