| 词汇 | boson |
| 释义 | boson noun[ C ] physics specializeduk /ˈbəʊ.zɒn/ us /ˈboʊ.sən/ a type of subatomicparticle玻子，玻色子 Physics: atoms, molecules & sub-atomic particles acceptor alpha particle anti-radical antilepton antimatter antineutrino beta decay beta particle Higgs boson interatomic interelectronic interionic intermolecular monatomic multi-molecular multiparticle muon neutrino positron relative atomic mass Examples of bosonboson Fermions obey the exclusion principle, bosons do not. Besides, fermion loops are essential constituents of the corrections to the exchange boson propagators. All the particles that make up ordinary matter (leptons and quarks) are elementary fermions, while all the force carriers are elementary bosons. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Particle accelerators with energies necessary to observe neutral current interactions and to measure the mass of boson weren't available until 1983. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The gluons correspond to the unbroken gauge bosons and the color octet axigluons -- which couple strongly to the quarksare massive. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. One of the conclusions is that the presence of a gauge boson mass suppresses large instantons, so that the instanton gas approximation is consistent. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. When such a theory is quantized, the quanta of the gauge fields are called "gauge bosons". From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Some of non-fundamental bosons (namely, mesons) also may transmit forces (see below), although non-fundamental ones. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Axions and other light bosons are also expected to have an observable signature in various astrophysical settings. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. In both processes, the intermediate emission of a virtual boson (which then decays to electron and antineutrino) is not shown. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Consequently, there are as many gauge bosons as there are generators of the gauge field. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. This is an interaction corresponding to a rotation in weak isospin space or in other words, a "transformation between and via emission of a boson". From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. As explained above, "these currents mix" to create the physically observed bosons, which also leads to testable relations between the coupling constants. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. In a pair of bound bosons there is an additional component due to the orbital angular momentum. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Therefore, at a nave theoretical level all gauge bosons are required to be massless, and the forces that they describe are required to be long-ranged. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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