Examples of redistricting

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Many elements of the compromise support apolitical redistricting objectives; others allow partisanship.
Courts and redistricting guidelines cannot and should not try to compensate for differences in turnout, population demographics, and ineligible voters that exist across districts.
His post-census redistricting skills had been first shown after the 1960 census, and were repeated again in 1980.
I include this variable to help control for and separate out the effects of the malapportionment introduced at the two stages of the redistricting process.
Redistricting also had an important effect on the proportionality of the results.
They did not strengthen legislatures as institutions or make them more representative by enforcing decennial redistricting.
These cases arose from redistricting efforts subsequent to the 1990 census.
We also find that, after the 1960s, redistricting does have a significant effect on ideological change.
Much of the debate described above and other redistricting debates can be set aside for my limited analytical comparison.
I begin testing for partisan bias in the redistricting by analyzing malapportionment levels in a series of regressions.
Thus, in true compromise fashion, the procedures reduced the legal maximum of malapportionment, while simultaneously building malapportionment into the redistricting process.
Similarly, the reform required a redistricting proposal be crafted every five years, but did not require that any action be taken on such proposals.
Redistricting may result in significant changes not only in overall levels of bias, but also in its component parts.
Beyond electoral replacement, we find that redistricting also has an effect in the 1970s and beyond.
This is a more conservative test of the redistricting hypothesis.
This number could easily drop to two under a redistricting system that prevented racial gerrymandering.
The controlling motive for redistricting was obvious: the manufacture of more "elective" patronage.
By the end of the century, various reform acts, through redistricting of rotten boroughs and the enlargement of the franchise, produced large, roughly even, electoral districts.
If districts are drawn with an absolute and rigid requirement of population equality, then other redistricting criteria must be ignored and opportunities to gerrymander district boundaries increase.

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