| 词汇 | quorum |
| 释义 | quorum noun[ S ] formaluk /ˈkwɔː.rəm/ us /ˈkwɔːr.əm/ the smallest number of people needed to be present at a meeting before it can officially begin and before official decisions can be taken（会议的）法定人数 Official meetings AGM assizes brainstorming session breakout room call for papers caucus closed session conference convoke council of war quorate scrum secretary session sit sitting skull session speaking engagement symposium teleconferencing quorum | American Dictionaryquorum noun[ C ] us/ˈkwɔr·əm, ˈkwoʊr-/ the number of members who must be present at a meeting in order for decisions to be officially made quorum | Business Englishquorum noun[ S ] formaluk /ˈkwɔːrəm/us MEETINGS the smallest number of people who must be at a meeting for official decisions to be made by voting: The quorum for meetings of the committee is two. Examples of quorumquorum One might, that is, adopt (1) a standard quorum minimum, (2) a supermajority multiplier, and (3) a standard present-and-voting multiplicand. The issue here is whether a quorum should be present at the beginning of a session or during each vote at a sitting. During the 1880s, the minority party frequently used the "disappearing quorum" to stifle the ability of the majority party to pursue its agenda. This may have some relevance to a quorum-sensing mechanism. Other studies have documented an overlap between nutrient limitation response and quorum-sensing-controlled gene expression. Although quorum rules do partially promote the aim of majoritarian control, they do so only in a sharply limited fashion. Suppose a hundred-member body, a standard simple-majority scheme, and a quorum of fifty-one attenders, all of whom vote. Historically, majorities have benefited by the standard quorum rule, which counts all those physically present as contributing to the quorum. In most cases, quorum sensing functions to induce gene expression at high culture densities where nutrient limitation is a major constraint for bacterial growth. Integration of quorum sensing with nutrient limitation response seems sensible from a physiological point of view. In conclusion, our data provide evidence that quorum sensing is involved in controlling the response to iron limitation. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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