| 词汇 | mutualism |
| 释义 | mutualism noun[ U ] biology specializeduk /ˈmjuː.tʃu.əlɪ.zəm/ us /ˈmjuː.tʃu.əlɪ.zəm/ a relationship between two organisms in which they live together and benefit each other互助主义 Reciprocating another each other give and take it takes two to tangoidiom mutual mutually non-reciprocal one anotherphrase one good turn deserves anotheridiom ping-pong reciprocally reciprocate reciprocation reciprocity requite return scratch turn unrequited you scratch my back and I'll scratch yoursidiom mutualism | American Dictionarymutualism noun[ U ] us/ˈmju·tʃu·əˌlɪz·əm/ biology a relationship between two organisms in which they live together and benefit each other Examples of mutualismmutualism With a high degree of mutualism, the community of artefacts is achieving greater and greater intensities of replication of their members. However, to do so would threaten the stability of the mutualism. However, we are still far from understanding these variable and differentiated mutualisms. There is also a discussion of the possible mutualisms between mites and their animal or plant habitats which is most enlightening. This new symbiosis is an ideal system for asking questions about the evolution of ant-plant mutualisms and about costs of chemical and mechanical defences. However, it is misleading to explain these outcomes as a result of only mutualism. The same is true of commensalisms, which for our purpose can be regarded as asymmetric versions of mutualism. Consequences of a biological invasion reveal the importance of mutualism for plant communities. Recent debates about 'new mutualism' and 'new localism' in the welfare state are also pertinent. In by-product mutualism, it is immediately more beneficial to cooperate than it is to cheat. It is somewhat ironic that this policy discourse has emerged when some elements of mutualism in health care have largely disappeared. I would suggest that some but not all mutualisms involve niche construction. Functioning of mycorrhizal associations along the mutualism- parasitism continuum. Geographical variation in the potential of mice to constrain an ant-seed dispersal mutualism. Others include increased efficiency from turntaking or specialization through trade, and the formation of coordinated, cooperative endeavors based on mutualism. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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