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词汇 initial
释义 initial
adjective[ before noun ]
uk /ɪˈnɪʃ.əl/ us /ɪˈnɪʃ.əl/
B2
of or at the beginning: 开始的,最初的
My initial surprise was soon replaced by delight.我最初的惊讶很快变成了兴奋。
Initial reports say that seven people have died, though this has not yet been confirmed.最初的报道说有7人丧生,但这一消息还未得到证实。
The initial earthquake was followed by a series of aftershocks.初震后又发生了一系列的余震。
The doctor has made an initial diagnosis, but there'll be an additional examination by a specialist.
The project is only in the initial phase as yet, but it's looking quite promising.
As the plot unfolds, you gradually realize that all your initial assumptions were wrong.随着情节的展开,你会慢慢意识到自己最初的那些猜测都是不对的。
The final technical report into the accident reinforces the findings of initial investigations.对事故作出的最终的技术性报告进一步证实了最初的调查结果。
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

First and firstly
advance guard
at first blushidiom
at firstidiom
begin
blush
debut
former
from the word goidiom
front end
in the first/second placeidiom
inaugural
maiden
original
originally
pole position
prefatory
primary
proto-
starter
word
initial
noun[ Cusually plural ]
uk /ɪˈnɪʃ.əl/ us /ɪˈnɪʃ.əl/
B1
the first letter of a name, especially when used to represent the whole name: (姓名的)首字母
your initialsHe wrote his initials, P.M.R., at the bottom of the page.他在页尾写上了他名字的首字母P.M.R.。
initial stands forPaul M. Reynolds refused to say what the initial "M" stood for.保罗‧M‧雷诺兹拒绝说出首字母M代表什么意思。
middle initialFill in your first name, middle initial and last name.
They carved their initials into a tree.他们把自己名字的首字母刻在了树上。
His initials were engraved on the back of his watch.他姓名的首字母刻在了他手表的后盖上。
Doesn't it cause problems, having the same initials as your father?
She always includes her middle initial in her signature.
There's an 'S. Smith' on the list, but you and Simon share the same initial, so I'm not sure who they mean.
The author C. S. Lewis is better known by his initials than by his full name, Clive Staples Lewis.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Lettering & alphabets
all caps
alphabet
alphabetical
alphabetically
ascender
Braillist
camel case
hieroglyph
ideogram
IPA
Latinize
Latinized
multi-character
non-phonetic
notation
paleographical
roman
stenography
title case
tittle

Grammar



Initials
An initial is the first letter of a word. We often use initials to refer to the names of countries and organisations: …

Acronyms
Acronyms are words which are formed from the first letters of other words, and which are pronounced as full words. Examples of acronyms: …

Abbreviations, initials and acronyms
When we abbreviate a word or phrase, we shorten it. Abbreviations can be formed from the first letters of the word or phrase. In such cases, we normally say them by spelling out each letter: …

Abbreviations and letters
When we abbreviate a word or phrase, we shorten it. Abbreviations can be formed from the first letters of the word or phrase. In such cases, we normally say them by spelling out each letter: …
initial
verb[ T ]
uk /ɪˈnɪʃ.əl/ us /ɪˈnɪʃ.əl/-ll- or US usually-l-
to write your initials on something: 在…上签署姓名的首字母
If you make any changes to the document, please initial them.如果你修改了文件,请签上你姓名的首字母。
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Signing & signatures
anon
autographically
co-sign
co-signatory
co-signer
countersign
John Hancock
notarize
sign
sign (something) off
sign for something
sign for/with someone
sign in
sign on
sign something away
signature
signing
tag
the undersigned
unsigned

initial | American Dictionary


initial
adjective[ not gradable ]
us/ɪˈnɪʃ·əl/

initialadjective[not gradable] (BEGINNING)


of or at the beginning; first:
She failed her driving test on the initial try, but passed the next time.
The president’s initial popularity soon disappeared.

initially


adverb[ not gradable ]us/ɪˈnɪʃ·ə·li/
The ceremony, initially planned for this month, was postponed.
initial
noun[ C ]
us/ɪˈnɪʃ·əl/

initialnoun[C] (FIRST LETTER)


the first letter of a name, esp. when used to represent a name
Your initials are the first letters of each of your names:
They will put your initials on the luggage for another $15.
initial
verb[ T ]
us/ɪˈnɪʃ·əl/

initialverb[T] (WRITE FIRST LETTERS)


to write your initials on something:
Please initial each document.

initial | Business English


initial
adjective[ before noun ]
uk /ɪˈnɪʃəl/us
happening at the beginning:
initial estimate/forecastEconomists had expected GDP growth to be revised upwards from last month's initial estimate of 0.6%.
initial charge/cost/feeThe fund has an initial charge of 5.25%.
Investors may not get back the full value of their initial investment.
initial
verb[ T ]
uk /ɪˈnɪʃəl/usinitialling or US usually initialing | initialled or US usually initialed
to write the first letters of each of your names on an official document to show that you have read it and agree with it:
Initial and date each page of the contract.
to discuss and agree to an arrangement with another organization, country, etc.:
The two nations used the summit to initial a deal on energy cooperation.
initial
noun[ C, usually plural ]
uk /ɪˈnɪʃəl/us
the first letter of each of your names:
He was dismissed for forging his manager's initials on the invoices.
one of the letters by which an organization may be known, which are usually the first letters of each of the words in its name:
The insurance giant AIG's initials stand for American International Group.

Examples of initial


initial
Letters "a" and "r" appearing before authors' initials refer to target article and response, respectively.
The size of the drop leading a plume is roughly proportional to the initial thickness of the layer.
Validated solutions of initial value problems for ordinary differential equations.
The initial transcripts included phonetic approximations of every utterance.
So, sr1(0) = 0.003m represents the initial position.
The ability of this numerical method to consider non-isotropic initial data represents a decided advantage over other approaches.
This sample represents 83 % of the initial cohort.
The model is run under twelve different conditions - three initial parties and four initial parties, and within each of these six different informational conditions.
Figure 8 shows an example involving five initial disks, all of radius 1, that possesses no symmetry.
We also routinely check samples before and after longer exposures even for samples that pass initial screening of radiation sensitivity.
Therefore, growth rates may increase over time simply because the initial and descendant cells are recovering from treatment rather than evolving.
The initial inflation target was 3% until the end of 1992 and then it was reduced to 2% in 1993 until the end of 1995.
Experiments evaluating the effects of isoproteronol on tissue removed from the heart at surgery demonstrated initial inhibition of contraction with improvements over time.
Such cross-time effects are of interest regardless of the initial roles of genes or early experiences.
It must be stressed, however, that these are only initial observations based upon a small sample.
See all examples of initial
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
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