| 词汇 | inclusive-fitness |
| 释义 | BETA inclusive fitnesscollocation in Englishmeanings of inclusiveand fitnessThese words are often used together. Click on the links below to explore the meanings. inclusive adjective uk /ɪnˈkluː.sɪv/ us /ɪnˈkluː.sɪv/ An inclusive price or amount ... See more at inclusive fitness noun[ U ] uk /ˈfɪt.nəs/ us /ˈfɪt.nəs/ the condition of being physically strong ... See more at fitness Examples of inclusive fitnessinclusive fitness The basis of this field is the belief that evolutionary success ("inclusivefitness") is the only primary function of any characteristic, including behavior, of any living organism. Further, they argue that stable social groups increase the opportunities for cultural transmission and information exchange which could increase inclusivefitness if other group members are kin. Such interactions cannot be understood within the framework of kin selection theory (inclusive fitness), since the interacting individuals are not related at all in this case. Hamilton (1964) coined the term "inclusivefitness" to describe the additive effect of these two processes on an animal's genetic representation in the next generation. The evolution of altruism will be favored in situations where altruistic strategies produce higher inclusivefitness values. Inclusivefitness, reciprocal altruism, and group esteem are all complementary factors that additively increase the likelihood of helping behaviors. Thus, nervous systems that respond automatically with empathy to situations where they must respond, create the appearance of reciprocity, and maximize inclusivefitness. A cognitive system is functional in the evolutionary sense if and only if it promotes the organism's inclusivefitness. Thus, the most successful animals in terms of inclusivefitness leave many offspring and/or assist relatives and their offspring. This can hardly be considered a good outcome from the point of view of inclusivefitness. However, their model fails to acknowledge how the human self-system's mediation of conduct can permit us to override voluntarily the pseudo-imperatives of optimizing inclusivefitness. When resources are plentiful, offspring inclusivefitness may actually increase when parents divert investment to new siblings, reducing weaning conflict. There is no doubt that many examples of learning from others involve the spread of traits that enhance the inclusivefitness of the learner. However, many biologists prefer to interpret parental care of dependent offspring as maximizing individual fitness, rather than inclusivefitness. Successful social behavior requires coordination of two or more parties with potentially conflicting interests, each evolved to enhance his or her own inclusivefitness. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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