| 词汇 | example_english_vertical-integration |
| 释义 | Examples of vertical integrationThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. This is in contrast to the current industry verticalintegration that is outside of farmers' control. Verticalintegration and contracting began in the broiler industry23 and increased specialization and scale of agricultural production of livestock1. Verticalintegration issues came up in this connection, including the design of the verticalintegration guidelines. They test predictions of verticalintegration, disintegration and so forth, and they find different conclusions. In the meat industry in particular, verticalintegration and the use of contracts can result in barriers to small-scale producers. Top-down verticalintegration requires translation between abstraction levels. Governments should therefore scrutinize such forward verticalintegration strategies-as has usually been the case for horizontal mergers. There are voluminous literatures on mergers and verticalintegration. However, these potential disadvantages should be confronted with the possible benefits of forward verticalintegration. By this logic the second-order construct of ' family ' role investment is an appropriate way to model the verticalintegration of inter-generational family roles. This is done because data on the market prices of natural resource inputs are not available due to the prevalence of verticalintegration. Verticalintegration spans all abstraction levels within a single domain. However, transaction cost economics predicts verticalintegration in cases of higher specificity, frequency and uncertainty. So the argument that verticalintegration in, and of itself, implied larger rents is questionable. By the 1970s, assemblers and suppliers had adopted strategies of verticalintegration, and relations among them were often conflictual. This process may take the form of verticalintegration or horizontal consolidation. Verticalintegration affords development of depth in this search. This system is obtained by a verticalintegration of the three-dimensional momentum and mass equations, and it has a structure similar to that of the shallow water equations. The original partnerships, including institutional organizations at the key levels and their involvement, as appropriate in the various steps of the process (verticalintegration) are important. An intergovernmental electricity transmission regime is characterized by national discretion over the extent of verticalintegration of transmission networks, third-party access to the national grid, and tariff structures. It is the technical developments in egg producing—the verticalintegration—which has made the situation so difficult to deal with. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 To get the full advantage of modernisation we need one control from the ship to the sheds—that is, verticalintegration with perhaps specialisation by trade. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 In the short term, we should be encouraging more verticalintegration among the farming community, probably on a co-operative basis. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Some doubts were expressed, particularly by the train operating companies, that verticalintegration was the way forward. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 It is important to understand that all the companies told us that verticalintegration has not been proved. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We will therefore start from a small amount of verticalintegration which could be increased by mergers of the area boards. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I cannot help having considerable reservations about the advantages of getting around this difficulty by verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Problems relating to verticalintegration and significant market power are dealt with under the regulatory framework. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Since then, verticalintegration has occurred in two areas. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 In addition, they buy up the bakeries and call it verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Also, the attractions of verticalintegration are obvious if we want to get private sector capital into the infrastructure. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I personally favour verticalintegration rather than the horizontal set-up in the textile industry. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 It must make us wonder about the advantages of verticalintegration as opposed to horizontal. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Of course, we disagree with some of them: the crucial one relates to verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 That is particularly so because given more rapid discharge from a bed, the less easy verticalintegration will become. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The difficulty is that the food chain is fragmented and there is little verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Verticalintegration has particular attractions in serving sparsely populated areas where additional costs can be accommodated within the cost structure of the whole industry. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 There was a clear acceptance by the industry that it had no evidence that verticalintegration would work. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 In other words, could there not be what in modern-day jargon is called verticalintegration? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 One of the economic consequences of such a tax is verticalintegration where there is no economic necessity for it. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 They decided that it would not be appropriate to allow verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Clearly, using the opportunities of verticalintegration is one way for dairy farmers to proceed. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 They believe that verticalintegration is the right approach. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 If horizontal integration is good, does it necessarily follow that verticalintegration is bad? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Nevertheless, there is plainly concern about the possible verticalintegration of the water industry by such deals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I believe that there is a need for horizontal and verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We shall need to take account of all those factors in reviewing arrangements for cross-media ownership and verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Thus, we have verticalintegration—mixed-year group teaching, the mixing of nine-year-olds with 10-year-olds—which cannot be effective. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The verticalintegration point certainly needs to be looked at. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Verticalintegration could be introduced, on an experimental basis, in one region. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 It is not clear how verticalintegration of passenger franchises would help cross-franchise operators such as freight. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 There is no technical reason why there should not be verticalintegration in the waste disposal cycle. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Representations have been received both for and against verticalintegration from a number of train operating companies and in general correspondence. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 If private enterprise owned such an asset, it would use it is as a springboard for verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Secondly, there is a need for greater verticalintegration of the industry, with merchanting far more firmly associated with the producing section. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I do not suggest that verticalintegration is the answer to all the problems—it is not. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Verticalintegration confers market power quite as much as monopolies in particular products. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 A significant degree of verticalintegration was involved. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 One of the things which happens more and more is that industry gets into what we call verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 No such action has been taken to deal with the problem of verticalintegration in petrol retailing. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I think that verticalintegration in the industry is part of the way forward. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The concept of verticalintegration—to enable franchises to include operational responsibility for track—has also found recent support. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Genuine issues, however, arise as a result of the fact that there is less verticalintegration within industry than there was in the past. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Where electricity suppliers have a monopoly of supplies, verticalintegration can create regional power monopolies. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 With verticalintegration the market would operate as a real market with some short-term contracts and other very long-term contracts. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Impeding the process of verticalintegration in that industry is not in the interests of farmers, processors or, indeed, consumers. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We concluded, and we made it clear in our election manifesto, that full verticalintegration was neither practical nor desirable across the great bulk of the railway network. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 At the centre of the argument for being distribution-led is the ability to mesh cash generation with the burning of cash because of verticalintegration in the industry. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Verticalintegration is bound to take place. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The problem is that we have moved away from verticalintegration: we now have a privatised industry on the stocks, and have separated generation and supply. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 That is the purpose of verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We are working with verticalintegration as between retailers and textile and garment manufacturers not only to boost our exports but to find ways to improve our sales at home. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The second one is where we have verticalintegration, a firm integrating backwards to the sources of raw materials and forwards to the resources of retail outlets. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We disagreed about verticalintegration and one or two other issues, but it is possible to have two different but genuinely held views about verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 If verticalintegration, as some of us advocated at the time, had been adopted it is likely that the consumption of coal would have been greater. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 There would be more verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We could have had verticalintegration in that part of the energy industry— several packets consisting of one or more power stations with their associated collieries. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 With so few major players and increasing market concentration, verticalintegration—in which the major suppliers both supply and retail their product—is unhealthy for consumers in the longer term. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Many who know the industry well believe that direct action of that kind is necessary to ensure that verticalintegration is broken down and the market opened effectively. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 However, in a limited number of cases, particular features may suggest that it is right to make an exception and to allow a degree of verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 A cascade tax discriminates between different methods of marketing, taxing some things once or twice but others several times over, so that it favours verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The merger will facilitate the important linkage between the education of medical and dental students and the clinical work of a hospital site, thus ensuring verticalintegration of the curriculum. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The debate on verticalintegration was interesting. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We should have verticalintegration. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Often, large multinational corporations exhibit verticalintegration, participating in a broad range of drug discovery and development, manufacturing and quality control, marketing, sales, and distribution. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. This resulted in a huge consolidation of the pharmacy market, with verticalintegration of the wholesalers and retailers. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The company continued its verticalintegration strategy of controlling the whole supply chain with more tankers and opening petrol depots and warehouses. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. His business was both a mill and a bakery, an early example of verticalintegration, and he produced bread by night and biscuits by day. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. A monopoly produced through verticalintegration is called a vertical monopoly. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Most companies chose to focus on their core business rather than verticalintegration. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. He developed a grid that compared strategies for market penetration, product development, market development and horizontal and verticalintegration and diversification. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. In 1954/55, the group focused on acquisitions to restore the verticalintegration by acquiring mining concerns. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. In this method, verticalintegration is normally not accomplished between partners. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. A verticalintegration in which mining, iron and steel production are consolidated was not allowed any more. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The second was in his verticalintegration of all suppliers of raw materials. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. They abandoned verticalintegration, sold off non-core operations, and outsourced those functions to other companies. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The project is designed on the basis of verticalintegration, combining crop growing, processing, trading and distribution. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. The verticalintegration into the sheepskin tanning industry was successful, and the company quickly became one of the leading suppliers nationally and globally. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Therefore, these factors will also influence the likelihood of verticalintegration. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. Some businesses maximize their profit margins through verticalintegration; book publishing is not one of them. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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