| 词汇 | example_english_utility |
| 释义 | Examples of utilityThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. We were dumbfounded to find the utilities were out. No information about preferences or utilities is incorporated into the description. The second also includes clothing, shelter, utilities, and transportation (947 pesos). In doing so, they guarantee that weights have to be uniform in the aggregation of individual utilities. The latter is efficiency on the sub-space of utilities. We will salvage a version of the claim in which utilities stand for themselves, without representing preferences. Since their expected utilities are the same, the rationality of choosing one cannot differ from that of choosing the other. Enhancing future utilities by investing in the quality of future consumption are normal activities in the lives of most people. The corresponding sequence of posterior expected utilities must be found for different values of the covariates (where relevant) and for any non-standard treatments. Their experimental set-up considered several judges who ranked all plants simultaneously and where the latent utilities per judge were allowed to be correlated. The knowledge manager provides utilities to dynamically add 0modify classes 0 instances of synthesis elements stored in the library. In particular, it may be considered desirable to have universal access to basic utilities and essential services. Furthermore, there is no guarantee that cooking raw utilities would invariably neutralize the dilemma. The problem, of course, is that we neither know the actual expected utilities, nor observe every relevant variable. Although payoffs may not have been symmetric, this part of my argument only relies on ordinal utilities. There are also chapters on moving within and without the capital, utilities, manufacturing, clerical services, financial services, welfare and government. By supposing that there are infinite utilities, the concepts of robustness and fragility are rendered useless as ways of distinguishing between prudential decisions. Note that the evaluations on the five criteria correspond to utilities measured with intensities. The results show that, overall, the difference between utilities earned by rational and boundedly rational agents is small. The comparison of the long-run performance of the rational and boundedly rational agents shows little difference in terms of the average utilities earned over time. Either utilities or newly compiled decisions (in the "knowledge compilation" sense) may be generated by examining the decision sequencing process. Nevertheless, the introduction of infinite utilities renders any decision robust. Much of this time will be needed for transport of plant components to the selected site, installation, and connection of pipes and utilities. Instead, the comparison is based on the utilities that the two types of agents receive. The soundfile utilities include waveform display, playback controls and properties display. I begin by describing the expected discounted utilities of agents. European deregulation began in traditional utilities industries such as telecommunications, energy and transport. The fourth and final phase was a ' fully fledged privatisation effort ', where all utilities were up for sale. The change in the prior distribution of g reduces optimum rates by at most 8 % and increases posterior expected utilities by at most £3/ha. More sophisticated markers such as cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules have exhibited better diagnostic utilities at the early stages of infection. In short, the commission had to decide about the future function of electricity within the increasingly complex framework of public utilities. The consistency with which graphical environments access computer hardware has facilitated the development of software-based access utilities. If we were mathematically naive, we might calculate the expected utilities in (5) as follows. We also explored the impact of using subjective glaucoma severitybased health state utilities (10). Thus, the present utilities cannot be generalized to all patients undergoing esophagectomy. If one were to drop this restriction, the utilitarian solution of adding up the individuals' utilities would satisfy all the other conditions usually suggested. The choice has been over-subjective and probably too heavily focused on health, disease, medicine, demography, urban infrastructure and public utilities. The municipal government's expansion of city planning, safety regulations and public utilities provided a model for similar provisions by central government. There are several possible explanations for the tied utilities at unity. Approaches for measuring utilities at the very upper end of the scale should nevertheless be pursued. The case for new data collection of health state preference values (or utilities) is less clear. Do the utilities reflect how my patients would value the outcomes of the decision? Generalization to other patient groups should be studied, especially in a more diverse patient population with a wider distribution of expected utilities. Surplus for each regime when promised utilities are truncated at autarky. In relation to individual firms' performances, as mentioned earlier, change of ownership in such utilities is inadequate. In order to address these issues, the legislature updates its policies on social infrastructure and utilities, on labor, and on the environment. The laser control room, experimental preparation and analysis areas, administration offices, storage, and utilities will occupy the remaining space. During the first half of the twentieth century, ganyu served different utilities. The program is organised into three main sections, which are: synthesis, processing and soundfile utilities. In this way, computations are treated as actions, and are selected on the basis of their expected utilities. 218 agents to assignments that reflect the utilities of the various constraints. Thus, the customers' utilities ground the utilities of the other constraints. The uncertainty of the vague rule creates a spectrum of expected utilities that varies gently with the cost of compliance. The only support from the state is their tax-exempt status and some dubious preferential policies, often flouted by state bureaux and public utilities. Their study focuses on optimal enforcement when individuals have decreasing marginal utilities. The utilities are functions of the costs of the alternatives, as well as of characteristics of the household. When the parties' full preferences are taken into account, they really would maximize their utilities by cooperating. Randomizing with probabilities p and 1 - p over the two individuals will generate the (expected) utilities pu and (1 - p)v. In the simulation study, there was some indication that the differences in utilities tended to be overestimated for larger treatment differences. A further feature of national reforms was the privatisation of public utilities, including the nationalised energy and water supply industries. Moreover, the advocates of liberalisation were opposed by a powerful alliance of incumbent utilities and national governments. The channel utilities are offered mainly as a means of converting multichannel files to be processed by routines that accept only mono files. Local suppliers and distributors feared the loss of markets to large utilities and the endangering of environmentally friendly combined heat and power schemes. The problem with this supposition is that, if there are infinite utilities, every decision is robust. Is there a way of retaining infinite utilities and, yet, circumventing the problem of decision-fragility and, more generally, the many-theologies problem ? Another limitation of conventional approaches to automated negotiation is that agent's utilities or preferences are usually assumed to be completely characterised prior to the interaction. With this method an expert is presented with all possible combinations of pairs of events for which utilities are to be assessed. An important assumption in the external model, as described above, is that utilities are available at the time the agent must make a choice. The model is decision-theoretic in that it bases the agent's decision-making process on the expected utilities of actions, being either physical or computational. Like other utilities, the services to be traded on those markets in huge numbers, are of simple nature. At the end of time period t + 1, the utilities of members of generation t are calculated. The rules' fitness values are again equal to the values of the utilities earned at the end of the second period of life. First, notice that the expected utilities for nonbankers are increasing in states. The relatively complicated transitions of this regime, which are used to discourage deviations in credit, induce a steadily rising distribution over promised utilities. When default is prohibited, the agent is assigned, at low promised utilities, a credit level less than half the level assigned when default is allowed. However, at an annual horizon, the composition of this portfolio changes dramatically, consisting mostly of two completely different assets: basic industries and utilities. As we know, these two utilities either do not permit the notion of intertemporal substitution or entangle the latter with risk aversion. However, expected utilities, which mix attitude toward risk and attitude toward intertemporal substitution, inevitably entangle precautionary and nonprecautionary wealth. Data on the operations (inputs, outputs, operating characteristics) of 110 urban water supply and sewerage utilities was obtained for the year 1995. Can public sector reforms improve the efficiency of public water utilities? The authors do, in fact, derive a more general expression than this that involves transformed utilities and transformed critical-levels. Agents with low promised utilities are again assigned no credit and the high effort in the moral-hazard, credit-control regime. Results show that the difference between utilities earned by rational and boundedly rational agents is small. The book not only addresses the question of regulation of public utilities but also the critical regulation of the financial system. Major commercial investments in all the other sectors and utilities were owned by the state. The system, it is claimed, is unique and has been designed for applications involving individual households or even the national utilities. An effect will only be seen on the cumulative costs and utilities, which is desirable. The model was not sensitive to variation in diagnostic costs or to the use of other utilities of long-term health outcomes. In the current study, we restricted the time horizon to 15 years, mainly because of the uncertainty in determining the long-term costs and utilities. The frequency of health states associated with low utilities in patients with meningeal signs was relatively low. The aim of our study was to study convergent validity between three methods to obtain utilities for health states in patients with esophageal cancer. Conjoint analysis appears to have significant potential for widespread use in the assessment of utilities for health services, including diagnostic interventions. In clinical decision analysis, it is necessary to assess utilities for a relevant set of health states. Because it was not possible to interview patients before the resection, utilities were collected in a single interview planned 6 months after the resection. Without the transformation, negative utilities exceeding -1.0 can significantly impact analyses when comparing mean preference values. Many questions remain as to the stability of utilities over time (32) and relationships with various patient and process factors (48). Table 1 presents the estimated probabilities, utilities, and long-term costs associated with each possible outcome: perfect health, death, and morbidity, as applied in the model. In fact, it is common to find patients in the same clinical health state who have very different utilities and degree of bother (37). We ran 10,000 120-cycle (a cycle length is 1 month) cohort simulations trials, randomly sampling from the distributions of transition probabilities, costs, and utilities. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
反思网英语在线翻译词典收录了377474条英语词汇在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用英语词汇的中英文双语翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。