| 词汇 | example_english_social-exclusion |
| 释义 | Examples of social exclusionThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. The study reported here has shown that increasing resources could reduce socialexclusion among a small group of older people. Different propositions about the causes of socialexclusion derive from different views about individual agency. Through having early-stage dementia, they experienced socialexclusion and devaluation. Gerontologists were more inclined to support activity theory and the associated ideas of socialexclusion as an explanatory factor for social retreat. The literature which addresses the questions of citizenship and socialexclusion in respect of older people remains fairly thin at present. This has been accompanied by a growing awareness that aspects of some welfare policies, far from countering socialexclusion, may actually contribute to it. The authors of this book adopt the now well-established position that a discussion of homelessness should take place within debates about socialexclusion. Poverty and socialexclusion are the greatest threats to the wellbeing and independence of older people. Never-married women were particularly vulnerable to socialexclusion and destitution, because they had not complied with the cultural norms (adat) of marriage and raising children. The cost may be the primacy of cultural recognition over questions of racial discrimination and socialexclusion. We mentioned in the introduction that the much debated and disputed interface between agency and structure is a feature of the socialexclusion debate. Discrimination and a degree of socialexclusion reinforced the sense that they stood outside the ' established ' cultural norms. The second reason to doubt the claims made for disqualification as an increasingly important source of socialexclusion relates to the direction of change. It provides a bridge between the public health and socialexclusion agenda, steering both towards interventions targeted at groups vulnerable to social disadvantage. By the 1990s the majority of people were employed in the tertiary sector, including middleclass occupations, yet unemployment and socialexclusion remain. We too work in a rich country shamed by poverty and socialexclusion. Academic low-achievement is targeted by the government as a reason for poverty and socialexclusion. Poverty and socialexclusion are persistent problems in even the most advanced welfare systems of the world. A feature of socialexclusion is that there is no unique criteria by which a person may be 'shut out from society'. Even if critical of the government, one has to acknowledge its changed orientation from previous administrations, especially in its commitment to tackling socialexclusion. The paper also considers the effects of these policies on the socialexclusion of elders, as well as their carers. It was bedevilled by unemployment, socialexclusion and a growing sense of precariousness and inequality. The results confirm the findings of previous research that show a link between developed welfare regimes and low rates of socialexclusion in old age. In some situations, the spread of forest-user groups has led to increased poverty and socialexclusion of some members of forest communities. In short, sociologists increasingly took up the topic of musical taste as a mechanism of socialexclusion. Can welfare-rights advice targeted at older people reduce socialexclusion? Manufacturing socialexclusion in the home care market. These readings have major implications for how we conceptualise socialexclusion, and for policy developments associated with it. What light does our qualitative synthesis shed on the government's drive to tackle socialexclusion? It leads to a particularisation of socialexclusion (which is in its origins a general concept denoting relations to society rather than to locality). This multidimensional approach to defining 'socialexclusion' has obvious conceptual advantages but also has equally obvious practical disadvantages. The second section divides into four sub-groups covering the family, poverty and socialexclusion, health and community problems. There are two interconnections between approaches to allocation of social housing and socialexclusion. The term 'socialexclusion' has been contested and analysed for ideological meaning by many authors. An interesting feature of this book is the diversity of settings which it associates with 'social exclusion', ranging over time, welfare administrative category and service. However, in editing this collection, they argue that health and health care have been relatively neglected in recent debates over the dimensions of socialexclusion. And persistent worklessness leads to poverty and socialexclusion. This makes it a universally relevant issue, and not just a problem for primary care services delivered in communities marked by socialexclusion. Yet youth strategies to combat socialexclusion remain mostly individual, and rivalry and conflict over local and national resources have led to bitter intergroup fighting. However, it should not be forgotten that obliging elders to live in sub-standard nursing homes represents an equally reprehensible form of socialexclusion. Conventionally, the solution to socialexclusion has been to pursue full employment so that the unemployed can be inserted into the formal labour market. Furthermore, like poverty, socialexclusion is difficult to define and measure with any degree of accuracy. This paper questions the likelihood that increased physical mobility can, by itself, provide a fully viable or sustainable solution to mobility-related aspects of socialexclusion. The article begins by summarising the debates on 'socialexclusion', 'social justice' and 'social cohesion', which provide its conceptual and ethical basis. Popular music is mentioned but once, with reference to its importance in combating socialexclusion. Low income is a key indicator of socialexclusion. Table 5 shows the strong effect of country group on the probability of older people reporting characteristics associated with insecurity and socialexclusion. In particular, older people are prevented by poverty and socialexclusion from participating in economic life, or are forced to labour in intolerable conditions. It is then possible to ask which older people are vulnerable to socialexclusion as defined by these measures. Private markets can play an important part in social protection systems, but if they become dominant, the likely result is insecurity and socialexclusion. Poverty and socialexclusion : growing older in deprived urban neighbourhoods. This amounts to socialexclusion in an absolute form. Changing family relationships have weakened the ties between the generations, thereby increasing the risk of socialexclusion. Closely linked to income and wealth inequalities in later life is the risk of socialexclusion and poverty. On the other hand, the concept of socialexclusion is more abstract than poverty and open to different interpretations. Similarly, how quickly should we conclude that genetic interventions, rather than institutional change, hold the key to reductions in socialexclusion? It clearly has implications for our understanding of ideas like 'socialexclusion' specifically and social policy generally. Both of these approaches have relevance to socialexclusion. The data does suggest that socialexclusion may be being intensified in the name of social discipline. Her report (2003), released after our work was completed, related onset of disability to changes in socialexclusion. As such, the system reinforces socialexclusion among older people. In reality, rough sleeping, substance misuse and begging are closely related phenomena at the most extreme end of socialexclusion. The public consultation suggests that transport and socialexclusion are inextricably linked. Second, we consider how socialexclusion is associated with each of the dimensions of poverty. Chapters 6 and 7 explore the ways in which respondents described their experiences of socialexclusion. Nested within the discourse of socialexclusion is its own underclass version. These readings have major implications for how we conceptualise socialexclusion, which are explored in the broader context of current policies regarding young people. As this indicates, socialexclusion and inclusion are not binary categories, one defined and positioned against the other. There are individual (or household) dimensions of socialexclusion, neighbourhood or 'community' dimensions, and dimensions concerned with the overall role of social renting. The two opening essays by the editors set the context of industrial and urban decline, with corresponding levels of deprivation and socialexclusion. However, the scale of socialexclusion caused by these schemes would appear to be much lower than that resulting from contributory ones. This book examines socialexclusion in the context of housing provision and homelessness, with a particular focus upon the issue of community care. This concern is primarily articulated through the interrelated discourses of welfare dependency and socialexclusion, and legitimised through scientific discourse. But its consideration of gender inequality remains low compared to inequality deriving from race, poverty or socialexclusion. In this narrative of diverging transitions, the fast lane is the lane into socialexclusion. It focuses on income support, health services and the provision of care, as well as considering the effects of these policies on socialexclusion. This means that comparing rates of socialexclusion within and between countries is particularly difficult. There is little more empirical knowledge about the manifestations of and influences upon socialexclusion. This paper set out to explore the impact of welfare regimes on socialexclusion in old age. Relationships with children are also profoundly influenced by external factors, such as a setting of local socialexclusion or national economic decline. Studies of loneliness in later life and, more broadly, of socialexclusion and social relationships, rarely have an explicit cross-national dimension. Recent work on socialexclusion has drawn attention to the importance of environmental factors in shaping older people's vulnerability. Poverty, deprivation and socialexclusion are inextricably linked. Active social intervention promises to connect social and economic policies in a more coherent vision, both by increasing skills levels and by curbing socialexclusion. For most, the concept of 'socialexclusion' is distinct in being seen as a dynamic process rather than a static outcome. A series of six focus groups was undertaken involving groups in society who are, traditionally, considered to be at risk of socialexclusion. Is virtual mobility currently exercised by participants and is it contributing towards the reduction of mobilityrelated socialexclusion? To some extent this also contributed to socialexclusion, as relatively wealthy elders were able to plug these gaps with private provision. Stepping up a level to consider socialexclusion within social housing as a whole leads to the consideration of a further individual/collective dilemma. Is it a social democratic government, modernising public services, addressing problems of socialexclusion, social injustice and elitism? This material could be used to illustrate socialexclusion, but such models do not structure the text. This background helps to explain the developing body of literature that examines the relationship between social networks and socialexclusion/inclusion. Second, the issue of solidarity will be discussed in the context of the very contemporary concern about social polarisation and socialexclusion. The article set out to examine what such a review could contribute to the understanding of socialexclusion. Firstly, it illuminates the argument that the socialexclusion discourse privileges labour market identities and relationships. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
反思网英语在线翻译词典收录了377474条英语词汇在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用英语词汇的中英文双语翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。