| 词汇 | example_english_rival |
| 释义 | Examples of rivalThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. As a result of equilibrium play, the rivals can avoid fighting altogether by backing down or submitting to the other's demands at critical decision points. With such backing, their leadership was secured against potential rivals in a way their predecessors could never have imagined. Democracies are less likely to be rivals and democratization pushes rivalry resolution. More successful distant rivals were the real competition, while also serving as sources of inspiration. Worse, the radicals can also perceive them as rivals, and take advantage of their repression to start launching violent attacks to replace them. However, costly signaling may also explain the role of food sharing in deterring rivals. The media reported it as a clear victory for bio-medicine over its non-orthodox "rivals". Nevertheless, our rivals threaten a range of outcomes that are observed in real world settings. Additionally, as the size of the winning coalition increases, incumbents must spend a higher proportion of available resources to defeat political rivals. Instead, the rivals fight preventively to evade the danger of reversion to a self-defeating extremal equilibrium that involves no further fighting. As long as the rivals adopt incompatible bargaining positions at any point, the crisis can escalate to war and wars can be fought repeatedly. We find that the rivals' ability to threaten each other is a critical determinant of the outcome of bargaining. Like their rivals, government journalists were constrained in what they wrote by the law. Instead, they must present policies that are significantly more attractive than - hence different from - their rivals' positions. At the same time it hoped to profit from its rivals' disputes in the region. They tried to occupy the polling sites and keep their rivals out to prevent them from voting. At home, he faced accusations of mismanagement from his rivals at court. His rivals saw themselves as men of tomorrow. The centralist forces of the unitary state do not live comfortably with so many rivals. Lacking the capacity to protect innovations, successful entrepreneurs will find it difficult to completely exclude rivals from competition. I suggest that rivals activate rules to get a resolution and to guarantee the continuity of their use. Through a frontlash, rivals of civil rights progress defined racial discord as criminal and argued that crime legislation would be a panacea to racial unrest. Not only that, it also appears that enduring rivalry militarizes the foreign policy interactions between rivals and non-rivals. The institutionalization of rule-based government, coupled with guarantees for free economic exchange, promotes trust among rivals and therefore increases the hazard of failure. To this aim, they were obliged to enhance further and further the deflection effect of their policy in order to outdo their rivals. An outstanding bibliography running to 106 pages rivals the entries themselves for usefulness. In this, government newspapers were no different to their rivals. As agents of social control, local bosses were subject to the competition of their rivals and the relentless pressure to satisfy their clients. Robins will defend their territories ferociously against rivals. The tactic employed by rivals was invariably that of trying to demonstrate first administrative incompetence and then, if possible, moral turpitude. None the less, it failed to keep pace with its rivals. The ancient states pushed outward into these regions in order to fortify themselves against their rivals, and the unified empires continued the process. After all, would a 7 foot 400 pound recruit make a better soldier than his shorter, lighter rivals, as the rule suggests? In the theoretical section, we consider four different maxims based on whether countries 2 and 3 are friends or rivals. Governance appears to be rivalled only by social capital when it comes to the speed of its rise within the social sciences. Bargaining under threat has been studied extensively, but the exact interplay between the terms of the bargain and the rivals' deterrent threats deserves closer scrutiny. Why then would well-informed rivals fail to find a settlement that both prefer to war? Thus, candidates who belong to different parties will differentiate themselves from their rivals through their policies. He created parallel agencies that competed for his attention, fragmented rivals' power bases, and marginalized civilian organizations. Because close kin are often rivals, networks of friends can be particularly important, particularly when engaged in trade or money transfers. Regardless of public perception or their rivals' negative assessments, fierce hiphoppers like these are skilled woofers. A world rivaling that of idealization is set in place to interpret the invention of the arts. Furthermore, male elephant push over large trees for social reasons, including impressing rivals during their annual musth cycle (pers. obs.). The financial incentives towards frequent and favourable press attention did not go unremarked by his rivals. Views 1 and 2 are thus not rivals and can both be accepted. The combination of an eco-friendly vehicle and one with an innovative 'intelligent' parking system provides a challenge to its rivals, worldwide. Dramatic growth in private and informal sector constructionrelated industries has been rivalled only by the expansion of tourism. With strictly positive likelihood, equilibrium play could lead our rivals to accumulate war costs in excess of the discounted value of holding the prize forever. However, to stop the proliferation of conflicting standards, firms were encouraged to monitor implementation and infringements by rivals. Since the elite families are inveterate rivals, the alliances are between the elite families and their poorer clients who identify with them. Indeed, the millowners strove to prevent the extension of this political protection to their rivals in other textile centres or indeed to other industries. However, it can also function as a threat to potential rivals within the group. On other occasions, of course, all these groups stood on their dignity and positively denied the right of rivals to deliberate on their behalf. There was no parallel religious institution which rivalled the state. The excitement of the later sections of the book rivals the best novels. Supporters of the traditional rivals were virtually forced to revise their attitudes toward either their enemy or their own party or both. Equally, candidates will have incentives to undermine the claims to virtue of their rivals, provided their own virtue is not also thereby impugned. An intense, high-energy electron or positron beam can have focused intensities rivaling those of today's most power ful laser beams. I suggest that users activate rules to assert their rights against their rivals and find out a solution to the rivalry. Indeed, contra these hypotheses, for high frequency instances, children's colour naming rivals, if not betters, their naming of natural kinds. Even so, the general story is straightforward: parties put in extra local campaign efforts where they saw their rivals also competing hard. The rivals can fight and then share, or they can share without fighting. Our rivals can bargain in search of a settlement, and they can wield traditional deterrent threats of escalation to war. Co-operative behaviour is important and can signal general trends towards reduction in tension between rivals. In particular, rivals could respond to prior developments in various ways. While such equilibria explain war between perfectly informed rivals, they require that war costs remain contained. Given a redistribution of the contested asset, fully informed rivals would be better off agreeing to it before fighting, thus avoiding the costs of conflict. Our rivals fight because they disagree on the terms of the bargain and want to get their own way. The results in columns (3) and (4) consider the cases where the target and third party are rivals. The book he produced was, in my opinion, the most important in this area for a generation, with no serious rivals. In many cases, these rivals were members of their own ethnic group. Below, we discuss some of the main points over which these rivals trade arguments in the same spirit of mutual intolerance. Policies towards private indigenous businessmen have been half-hearted because the ruling group has often seen them as potential rivals for power. More important, even if states attempted to protect employer collusion, they had no authority to protect colluding employers from predatory rivals outside the state's jurisdiction. In these cases, the ideas were simple enough that, having simply grasped them, his rivals could reproduce them at will. He expects his team to win and hopes it will, even knowing that it may be objectively inferior to its rivals. His answer is threefold: the existence of rivals, its relatively small hinterland, and the failure to develop a specialism which would have attracted wealthy customers. Instead of promoting a peaceful sharing of the contested asset, the rivals' reciprocal threats allow them to make and maintain incompatible claims rationally. The justification for this equation is that, in a state of hostility, the level of a rival's armaments stimulates arms building. Meanwhile, rivals are engaged in similar tasks, creating an ever-changing array of challenges to be met by even more ideological production. All participants desired aggrandizement, but would oppose any such growth amongst their rivals. The traditional path to power (with few exceptions) was through the elimination of rivals. He selected these figures as ultimate rivals for a reason. The médisants have typically been read as male rivals of the poet. Although médisants and losengiers are generally assumed to be male rivals, the plural masculine gender does not exclude women from the group. They do not have to do down rivals in order to benefit themselves. The tradition gives many convincing pictures of the inwardness and invasiveness of friends and rivals. Admittedly, its circulation in the kingdom was small, its rivals powerful. The more there are of the stay-at-homes, the less warm the welcome for foreign rivals on the home ground. They will naturally seek competitive advantage and be reluctant to share their experience and expertise with their" rivals". Elections ended and rhetoric became dominated by panegyric and display oratory, rather than a means of competing with aristocratic rivals. The appearance that one among them carries the sanction of science confers on it an unfair advantage over its rivals. Though keen rivals, such gangs have a propensity to combine against a common enemy. He too must drive off rivals once his older patron is gone if he is to remain in possession of his inherited females. However, in easier tasks the rivaling articulatory dual task does not impede performance. As the jobbers were subjected to greater pressure by their rivals and their clients in the neighbourhood, they were rendered more vulnerable in the workplace. Threats to life come with the largest, whose power rivals that of high-magnitude earthquakes and exceeds most volcanism. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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