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词汇 example_english_reciprocal
释义

Examples of reciprocal


These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
The same applies to reciprocals (see abbracciarsi ' to hug (each other) ').
Symbols representing the reciprocals of the estimated values of s relate to equation (6).
The latter were estimated independently by fitting a development rate model of the form shown in fig. 1 to mean hatching rates (reciprocals of hatching times shown in table 1).
Verbal reciprocals and the interpretation of reciprocals.
In reciprocal motion, movement in one direction is balanced by a return movement.
The patrons and clients frequently changed with each government, but the reciprocal relationship between the two parties was maintained.
Contrasting the two conditions of reciprocal imitation shows the brain activity related to being, or not being, in control of the action performed.
Accompanying a post-infection increase in host immune cells in the lungs, there was evidence of reciprocal tegumental damage to the parasites.
In such a situation, there is no chance for a reciprocal gift exchange under which firms offer high wages in exchange for high effort levels.
The reciprocal interaction between receptor activation and ligand binding strongly resembles the interactions between two ligand binding sites.
The experiments have shown that the self-organizing lasers with dynamic reciprocal loop cavity are capable of generating high-average-power beams with good quality.
The friars sent back covered baskets which concealed reciprocal gifts.
Individual frequencies that are mixed together in order to create sonic masses follow reciprocal types of motion, including undulations, surges, swirls, drifts and dips.
Letters thus are a key par t of maintaining traditional reciprocal relationships over long distances.
To this end, we describe three descriptive models of fairness and their explanantions for fair behavior: inequity aversion, priority awareness and reciprocal fairness.
A dominant theme is the friendly, reciprocal relation between alven and men.
The average lifetime of each species is the reciprocal of the sum of rate constants for all channels leaving that species.
Inclusive fitness, reciprocal altruism, and group esteem are all complementary factors that additively increase the likelihood of helping behaviors.
The more these reciprocal moral ties were fulfilled, the greater the moral growth of the whole society.
As such, they are the outcome both of a historical process of reciprocal interaction with the body of mathematics and of external influences.
The collapse of this reciprocal relation is evident in modern theatre, which is exclusive, frivolous, commercial and individual.
The analysis of the reciprocal relationships between functions makes explicit alignment mechanisms that influence organizational performance and affect its equilibrium.
Next, we address reciprocal multi-agent systems; many researchers have come up with reciprocal mechanisms to enhance cooperation and fairness in multi-agent games.
Ethical trust is 'the reciprocal confidence that every citizen has in the probity and justice of the other, that is, simple conventions and promises'.
The couple then consolidated their new dynamic of reciprocal caregiving and used it to renegotiate old problems in their relationship.
By contrast with reciprocal passivity, short-termism does not seem to benefit corporate managers.
By contrast, the complete labor contracts found in manufacturing industries preclude the high wages generated by reciprocal gift exchange.
Teachers should be aware of the possibilities the online communities offer in terms of collaborative, on-demand based reciprocal learning, and social searching of information.
Furthermore, we will build densely, but not in the between the building heights and their reciprocal distances form of high rises or so-called low density.
The naturally occurring relationships between these factors should be recognized as mutually causative and reciprocal.
Dipolar functions behave like the reciprocal of conventional navigation functions.
Since three-locus linkage disequilibria behave differently under the two mechanisms, conversion and reciprocal recombination, we were able to derive an estimate for their relative percentages.
Of course, this effect is reciprocal, and both particles will suffer a similar total force.
All the co-ordinators recognised the multiple and reciprocal motivations of their older volunteers.
The circuitry present in mammals for thalamopallial and reciprocal palliothalamic connections of dorsal thalamic nuclei is absent.
Reciprocal projections from pallial regions to dorsal thalamic nuclei are substantially less abundant in sauropsids than they are in mammals.
The geographic mosaic theory further assumes that there are ' coevolutionary hotspots ', such that reciprocal selection need not occur in all populations.
The output of a machine depends upon its internal program routines; the process of a reciprocal understanding follows a different logic than with oral communication.
Reciprocal interaction with the professionals in the rehabilitation centre seemed to improve the participants' confidence in their ability to cope at home.
Capacitors follow the same law using the reciprocals.
From
Wikipedia

This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license.
In other words, reciprocal causation generates simultaneity biases that underestimate the effect of incumbent spending and overestimate the effect of challenger spending.
Since in its very nature this means is reciprocal, it leads to the most radical annihilation.
The same unit is also sometimes used for other reciprocals of distance, particularly radii of curvature and the vergence of optical beams.
From
Wikipedia

This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license.
Measured reciprocity (or reciprocal altruism) has similar inefficiencies.
He understood the reciprocal nature of lobbying and the need to work cooperatively with government.
Research on snail-schistosome interactions have, therefore, the potential for making an important contribution to the study of coevolution or reciprocal adaptation.
Very few studies have looked at this aspect of the reciprocal evolution of defence and counter-defence.
The wrench associated with the third joint will be reciprocal to the first two joints (revolute joints) and to the spherical joint.
Indicators of social capital include community/ civic participation, social relationships, social support, reciprocal activities and levels of trust in others.
One disorder can be specified as the cause of the other or there may be reciprocal causation between the two.
Verbs are marked lexically whether they can receive the morphological reciprocal.
The balance tips, and tips again, finding equilibrium in a reciprocal process of mutual haunting.
We need to understand that articulation and reflection are reciprocal processes.
What is exceptional about these pairings is that they are reciprocal.
Often there is a need to give something back to an environment; a reciprocal relationship, not simply a one-way plunder.
Narrative admits the impossibility of action and substitutes a yearning desire; narrative directs that desire to the reciprocal understanding of its audience.
The young member's primary social network, the youth group, offers the reciprocal support of other group members, who also monitor each other's behaviour.
Our construction introduces a 'reciprocal' to every element, the resulting structure being what will be called a 'wheel of fractions'.
The reciprocal should be thought of as a unary version of division, like negation is a unary version of subtraction.
From this argument we may conclude that capability combined with resources enables older people to stay involved in reciprocal giving and receiving.
Gift-giving and the reciprocal exchange of favours among friends may continue to be important for them.
In contrast, groups who value mutual aid may engage in more reciprocal exchange with more resources.
Individuals with an above-median proportion of network members with whom they had reciprocal exchange, regardless of their scores on the other exchange balance measures.
Caregiving as reciprocal exchange in families with seriously mentally ill members.
Thus, the reciprocal aspect of informal volunteering is often based on the concept of shared experience.
The outcome of reciprocal cross-infection experiments might also be dose dependent.
English passives, reflexives, and reciprocal constructions each utilize separate forms, and anticausative alternators require no overt morphology.
Schisms are drawn through families, and the 'normal ' cross-generational and reciprocal supply of care and family solidarity is blocked.
Moreover, the parents' generosity is not tied to claims to, or even expectations of, reciprocal support by children.
At the community level, creating and maximising opportunities for older people to engage in reciprocal networks of support might make a valuable contribution.
The reciprocal nature of care was stressed ; the women were simply fulfilling their moral obligations.
Touch is reciprocal but not at all restricted to social contact.
Reciprocal altruism, in particular, requires a suite of complex abilities not required by alternatives such as tolerated scrounging.
Lines fitted by weighted linear regression, with weights being equal to the reciprocal of the variance of the catch of each ox.
In other words, the relation between speech perception deficits and erroneous phonemic representations may be one of reciprocal causality.
The reciprocal link between sign language and written language spans no greater a divide than that between written language and geometric analogies or mathematics.
The surrogates' decision to donate, albeit an altruistic gesture, resulted in some reciprocal benefit to the families.
Interdependency among individuals is nurtured by reciprocal relationships throughout their lives.
Nevertheless, there is some evidence within the present study to support the hypothesis of a reciprocal association between nonword repetition and receptive vocabulary.
Of course, the relationship between oral language and literacy is reciprocal in nature, not unidirectional.
In both instances, the relationships appeared to be wholly reciprocal.
Relevant to the establishment of reciprocal influence between the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex is the time course of this connectivity.
Given the study design, we were unable to examine this type of reciprocal developmental pattern.
Reciprocal effects are also likely, in that aggressive behavior problems can lead a child to develop hostile attribution tendencies.
What is not re-ected in the sociogram is the fact that the ties contracted vary with respect to the extent to which they are reciprocal.
There are other properties of the reciprocal which point to lexicalization.
However, even these reciprocals do not show the high degree of productivity that one might demand from a syntactic formation.!
Thus, in the above example, triangular matrices is the ease with which their reciprocals may be calculated.
We work with the reciprocals of these zeta functions, and consider their power series expansions.
The weights used were the reciprocals of second-phase sampling fractions.
We do so by multiplying the residual with a diagonal matrix containing the reciprocals of the absolute data values.
The reciprocals of the variances of the log-transformed cell count data were used as weighting factors.
Syntactic context expansion is manifested by reciprocals in subject position and in the position of a prepositional or genitive complement.
Thus, by analogy, we transformed the times taken to flower to rates of progress towards flowering by taking their reciprocals.
The best way of combining these estimates is to take a weighted mean, with the weights being the reciprocals of the variances of the two separate estimates.
In society under law, also, the authority of law is transcendent, its supremacy renders it immune from reprisal and the proliferation of reciprocal revenge.
What did the council mean by "reciprocal intellectual activity"?
Trivers used essentially this argument to account for the evolution of" reciprocal altruism", in which animals cooperate only with those that cooperate with them.
Second, it much more obviously is two-way support, built upon reciprocal exchange between people who are in equivalent positions in genealogical terms.
There would be obvious advantages for the parties, and probably a saving in administrative costs, were reciprocal waiver of charges between states to be adopted.
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
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