| 词汇 | example_english_price |
| 释义 | Examples of priceThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. The government therefore set up a marketing-board type of purchasing arrangement, with higher, fixed producer prices. In short, prices have declined the most in international calls and the least in local calls. Clearly, different analysts could arrive at different accounting prices. Privatisation may affect prices if it has an impact on costs. However, the pricing issue is complex as increasing prices may reduce demand, and thus have an adverse impact on the overall revenue position. The method of pricing depends on the objectives of the water agency and the government. If an impresario did not meet the minimum, he had to lower the ticket prices, and his theater would receive a smaller subsidy. Even in the 1920s, when demand was expanding, an excess continued to keep prices down in most salons. Lowering prices just enough to empty the stock of resources seems more rational. Agents are assigned limit prices that are private knowledge to them. First, it provided a larger selection of drugs then ever before and at regulated prices. The prices for 1767 were, on an average, higher by 16 per cent than the ones for 1766. The commission's own comparison of redemption values and current land prices revealed a large discrepancy. The prices on each activity depended more on a billing structure than the true labor and material that comprised the activity. There were also massive differences in land prices and yields. The state made itself a monopoly supplier of essential goods, such as grain, which were then sold on at controlled prices. Rich farmers sold grain on credit to poorer households when prices were high. As a result innkeepers raised their prices for artisans who depended on credit. The labourers could not buy these products at farm-gate prices. In this way they could profit from differences in local market prices and could speculate. Higher prices on a more visible market made it clear what they were missing. The change between the period 1800 -1824 and 1825-1849 was much smaller, with a doubling of real property prices. Thus, remarriage risk might be negatively correlated with hard times, marked by a rise in grain prices. In order to examine these factors, each study has linked information on community food prices and details of household information to individual-level data. Fair rents are sometimes unrealistically low relative to house prices. The optimal resource allocations and prices are calculable for the current level of natural capital as well for future potential levels. Demand estimates have been derived from shadow prices obtained by computer simulations of profit-maximizing behavior. The latter motivation may have little to do with world yields or prices. As crop prices rise, farmers increase production and, in turn, may use more pesticides in the process. As relative input prices rise, the impact on pesticide use can either be negative or positive, depending on the substitutability and complementary of other inputs. Earlier studies of water demand ignore the peculiar features of the presence of block rates and perform empirical estimation using ex-post calculated average prices. Input prices include the irrigation variable and fixed costs, and other fixed production costs. Therefore, the regulator has to determine a range of water prices depending on weather conditions. See section 3.1.1(b) above for the conceptual and empirical differences between these two net prices. Unfortunately, due to data availability it was only possible to obtain a series of current net prices for the 1985-1996 period. We find that within farms, land allocation is responsive to relative crop prices and yields. The equations embodied in (15) define the dynamics of local accounting prices. Coal and natural gas prices are determined by the supply elasticities of their respective resource bases. To environmental management analysts, the paper says: getting prices right is crucial, but the characteristics of ecological systems must be considered as well. Analytically comparing these expressions with the solutions for stochastic prices proves to be cumbersome. They include an array of prices, allied to more direct types of information concerning resource stocks. Most governments are loath to increase water prices for fear of political retribution from an active farm lobby. In the short run, it appears that farmers alter their crop shares more or less predictably, in line with changes in expected prices and yields. We use these series to predict harvest-time prices of each crop for the month in which the harvest was reported to have taken place. Variance forecasts for prices are constructed in the following way. As a result, agricultural intensification occurs, relative prices change, and food prices increase as demand for food rises. Implicit prices thus reflect individuals' willingness to pay for an additional unit of an attribute of interest to be present, ceteris paribus. If a scenario resulted in a substantial fraction of land in an island being inundated, land prices would rise. The elasticity with respect to other water prices is low and insignificant. Finally, we found a modest time trend towards lower prices, but the trend was not statistically significant. Households which are not liquidity constrained should exhibit the expected investment response to higher prices. The two dummy variables for environmental quality both had significant impacts on property prices. As a basic good, household energy is very important to the poor: the urban poor, in particular, are vulnerable when energy prices increase. By affecting farmers' income, water prices also affect income distribution within the farming sector. The presumed changes in yields from the agronomic model are fed into an economic model, which determines crop choice, production, and market prices. Thus, providing water access to a household raises its water consumption tremendously, regardless of prices charged for water before or after the access change. Nevertheless, the rise in goods prices is less than the case of no technological progress. Equilibrium occurs when output and factor prices reach equilibrium. Similar to recreation trips, fuelwood collection trips can be modeled as functions of travel costs (shadow prices) and resource quality (forest condition). However, if this is not the case, assuming constant prices biases the welfare estimates. In practice, the climate changes expected over the next hundred years will not change overall economic conditions enough to affect most prices. The relative prices variation is measured as the annual variation of the relative prices level in absolute terms. We have to realize that the information requirements for obtaining these shadow prices are tremendous. We have shown how pollution taxes on both goods can affect factor returns, goods' prices, urban unemployment, and social welfare for the economy. Their prices are denoted by p1 and p2 respectively. Whether the resource is depleted biologically in these cases depends on costs and prices. Results identify cropping system, area under cultivation, consumption requirements and crop prices as important determinants of sustainability. The prevailing prices during 2004 and 2005 were used to calculate the revenues and costs in all years. Results show that farm risk in this environment is in-uenced much more by prices than by weather variability. Independent analyses of costs and bene®ts may be made with these data basing the analyses on local input and wholesale tomato prices. Our findings imply that the estimation of accounting prices should now be a priority. Five starting prices, which were chosen based on answers to open-ended questions in the pilot survey, were assigned to respondents randomly and roughly proportionately. The same tendency was observed for real domestic prices for exportables. Pesticide-related impacts are local in nature due to the complex interactions between pesticide prices and the observability of corresponding health and environmental impacts. Farm income is the value of production (at market prices) net of market input costs. In order to study whether environmental quality has an impact on property prices, two dummy variables and one continuous variable are used. In the base closure, the reforms raise the domestic prices of most exportable agricultural products. Good knowledge about local farming systems, local market characteristics and prices, and the distribution of resources and welfare, are needed to avoid design failures. However, unbiased estimates are premised on the existence of good data on input prices. Alternative specifications, such as including exploration costs into our model or different assumptions about future world oil prices, could alter our results. Similarly, prices for rice varieties included in this study were not observable. Although our main focus is on corn yield, we also report the results for prices for completeness. However, for accounting purposes it is reasonable to calculate an imputed income based on general market prices. Newspapers, on the other hand, have the advantage of charging lower prices. Also, there would be concern if monopoly power allowed certain products to have excessive prices. High prices are thus what make towns populous, not the other way round. One of the major factors inhibiting greater improvements in consumption levels is inflation, to which food prices become very vulnerable. After 1957, coffee prices fell drastically, with the result that all the villagers suffered. First then the proposition that management should accept a responsibility for doing everything possible to keep prices stable or to reduce them. The book is reasonably priced and generally well written, with few errors. Competition may not follow the perfect model, but fierce large company rivalry should have the same outcome in lower prices and rapid technological change. However, its wholesale introduction would mean a sharp rise in prices. How does this demand for money specification affect the relationship between money and prices? Thus, prices begin adjusting earlier when insiders trade on their information. The cable system which united the world was already almost complete by 1880; its completion made world prices a reality. We used to regard any inflation as an evil; there were years in living memory when prices hardly moved from one year to the next. A company in a dominant position which charges excessive prices for its products may be acting abusively. Many of society's institutional arrangements are based on the assumption of stable prices, and institutional arrangements are often very slow to change. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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