| 词汇 | example_english_polluter |
| 释义 | Examples of polluterThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. Nowhere are large polluters given opportunities to decide what cost and efforts are acceptable to them. Figure 1 presents net annualized abatement costs for dust emission reductions from the survey of polluters. The resulting higher uncertainty in economic and social impacts is, consequently, generating strong opposition among polluters and users. The environmental regulation requires the polluters to comply with safe environmental standards. The bubble concept allows various polluters in a geographical area - with varying abatement costs - to jointly abate a predetermined quantity of pollutants. Five firms started functioning during the 1980s and the 1990s, but in locations such as industrial estates where large polluters were already existing. Municipal polluters accounted for an additional 18 per cent of expenditures out of their budgets or with money borrowed on commercial terms. Certainly the coal-using business lobby used its in-uence and resources to complicate, delay or weaken attempts by the courts or smoke inspectorates to penalize polluters. Thus, the energy-intensive industries, which were considered to be major polluters, were more carefully regulated by the local governments than other industries. Moreover, polluters are now charged once pollution load exceeds 30 per cent of the threshold level. Nevertheless, if local officials are subject to competitive electoral pressure, they need to be responsive to the diffuse public which is adversely affected by activities of the few polluters. The regulations require the use of 80 per cent for grants or loans to co-finance abatement by polluters who have paid a levy and have abatement investment projects. The authorities check polluters' reports in several ways, including internal consistency, consistency with material balance models, historical data from the facility, direct monitoring, and surprise inspections. The common law in many poor countries, if we are permitted to use this expression in a universal context, de facto recognizes polluters' rights, not those of the pollutees. By looking at the nature of production in these firms, it was seen that 94.56 per cent of firms could not be viewed as potential polluters. Theory tells us that economic instruments allow polluters to identify and implement low-cost abatement options and are therefore preferred, but regulatory realities can often impede successful implementation. In the case of tradable permit schemes, most governments have opted for some form of 'grandfathering', allocating a portion of permits to existing polluters or resource users. At a sectoral level, polluters now have to internalize much bigger penalties; and since capital is not mobile among sectors, intra-sectoral factors/inputs recomposition must be dramatic. Key aspects of the directive are the principle of prevention and the principle of making polluters foot the bill. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English However, we must also be aware that polluters are often companies, and we must ensure their survival within our economy. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English The obvious point of departure for legislation should be that polluters or consumers pay, although exemptions would be permitted in extreme cases. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Of course, this target is to be welcomed, but it is important that the largest polluters should achieve the greater part of this reduction. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English The environmental case for charges on polluters needs to be examined carefully. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 They may be legally binding, but, in this day and age, we should not be letting polluters off the hook. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I am not at all sure that all polluters do pay or that there is any practical way of making them do so. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Industrialists and other would-be polluters soon learned that they were dealing with a reasonable rivers board, and in recent years prosecutions have diminished. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The most superficially attractive is to make the polluters pay for the pollution they cause. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 They, too, should be made aware of the fact that they are environmental polluters. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 They are therefore not the materials, nor are the operators the polluters, at which the tax is aimed. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The worst polluters are security lights, floodlights on buildings, car parks and sports grounds, and street lighting. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We are one of the world's worst light polluters. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Thirdly, the definition of "owner" creates a problem for landlords where tenants are the polluters, particularly if those tenants are people of straw. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I did not say that it was one of the greatest polluters. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We have been paying to help potential polluters not to pollute. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Such costs can often be very much greater than the penalty itself and together they can act as a major deterrent to would-be polluters. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 If so, which of the polluters will pay? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Labour is on the side of the polluters. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I agree that polluters should be made to pay more for the problems of agricultural or industrial pollution, and we have to consider that. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 In addition, some of the biggest polluters will be buying shares in the new privatised water companies. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Perhaps it is because they themselves are polluters that they are hesitant about prosecuting others who pollute. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Experience has demonstrated, however, that that is rarely an effective means of bringing sanctions against polluters. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 However, the effect of this amendment is not intended to be the creation of a polluter's charter for insolvency practitioners. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 When an area is judged to have problems, finding out who the polluters are presents enormous problems. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The first one is this: we need everyone to take part, especially all the countries that are major polluters. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English In some cities, buses are now the major polluters. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 In the first place, many of the county councils are among the bad polluters. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We know that with comparatively few polluters one man in a factory can be identified because the big polluters are the biggish firms. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The ecological damage has been enormous and taxpayers have had to bear the cost, not the polluters. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English We must change from being a society of polluters to being the society of a healthy life! From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Consequently, we are talking about the objective liability of polluters and about a set of arrangements to influence the behaviour of operators. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English We do not see any disadvantages to increasing taxes for large industrial groups, who are the main polluters. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English The scheme has not succeeded in reducing emissions and many polluters have even received overly generous allocations and made huge profits from this scheme. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English We do not disagree with the idea of polluters paying the recovery costs of harmful substances. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 There was deafening silence on a charge to make polluters pay and on the use of market mechanisms as a means of controlling pollution. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 From time to time some riparian owners have brought actions against polluters in an attempt to clear up our rivers. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Let us get serious and make the polluters and litter droppers and those who allow their dogs to foul the streets pay. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I have a real interest in pollution control matters as my constituency contains a substantial concentration of industries that are potential polluters. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I support the introduction of a landfill tax; it is only right that polluters should pay. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Unfortunately, in this field the enthusiasm which is displayed by some anti-polluters seems to be in inverse proportion to their knowledge of the scientific facts. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I only hope that every maritime nation will now follow our lead, especially making the fines high and penalising the polluters of the sea. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The charge in particular has been levelled against present-day polluters in relation to river authorities. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 They are prepared to take on polluters, challenge water abstractors and help to maintain and improve aquatic habitats. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 A good many substances which are now regarded as potentially dangerous polluters are ones about which we knew nothing whatever 20 or 30 years ago. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 They are active polluters of the river and not only of the river but of the aerial environment around it. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Substantial financial punishment is the only deterrent that polluters will understand. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Unscrupulous polluters will drive a coach and horses through such a body. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The aim of reducing pollution by targeting the so-called "gross polluters" is extremely important. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 However, action cannot be taken against those polluters because of the power to exclude the present one-year moratorium. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I endorse the comments of other colleagues who have concerns about 'spreading the net' and dragging farmers into the coverage, as industrial polluters. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English They could take measures to boost recycling, make greater use of renewable sources of energy and increase the penalties on polluters. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I recognise that some commercial vehicles, coaches, taxis and indeed motor cars are gross polluters. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Polluters do not want free co-operation, but to get on with polluting, or they would not be doing it in the first place. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We have to tame the monsters who are spitting the gas into the air, the worst air polluters on the roads. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English There are no such people as either polluters or consumers of the mills and collieries which produced the dereliction fifty or a hundred years ago. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Does he think it right for that cost to continue to fall on the water rate payers, rather than on the polluters? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The worst polluters of our rivers over the past many years have been the local authorities. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The general rule for potential polluters is that the costs fall on the individual or company concerned. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The new agency is there not to adjudicate between polluters and green pressure groups, but to protect and enhance the environment. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Are they saying that that was unjust to the polluters? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I agree with him that at first sight the concept of polluters paying for their pollution is an extremely dangerous one. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 There is much to be said for making polluters pay through charges that are genuinely not abusable into fiscal measures. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 There is no doubt that the polluters should pay, but the difficulty lies in identifying them. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 What message would such a prohibition on cost recovery give to potential polluters and to council tax payers? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 In 1986–87 there were 215 prosecutions of polluters by water authorities. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Unscrupulous water utility plcs, which are potential and, indeed, actual polluters, could flout the provision of control. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Analysis of the firms that came into existence without encountering citizens' actions demonstrates that the majority of them were not potential polluters. Returning environmental fees to polluters can undermine the effectiveness of charges and penalties. In the sample used in this paper, air polluters were checked on average every 6.3 months. The authorities must therefore police themselves, a problem the more poignant since their own sewage works are often the worst polluters. Similarly, evaluations of polluters are treated as open to the application of various definitions for the purpose of enforcing regulations. Has the government been tough enough on polluters? Mobility means that the deviance exists independently of its origin, allowing polluters opportunities of evading detection. Stated this way, the matter does look morally bizarre, but that is how things would be with polluters' rights. The formation of pressure groups among polluters is not considered important. Hence, it is quite conceivable that in many cases ambient air quality could not be met despite a high degree of compliance among individual polluters. The analysis shows that around 95 per cent of these firms that came to exist were not viewed as potential polluters. However, there is good reason to expect these costs to be higher for clusters of informal polluters than for formal industrial facilities. In utterly mundane terms it means getting polluters to do what they want them to do. Put another way, are farms or hospitals bigger polluters? Preliminary indications are that the programme has been quite effective, at least in improving the performance of the heaviest polluters (those rated black or red). These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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