| 词汇 | example_english_political-science |
| 释义 | Examples of political scienceThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. Policy formation is messier and more complex than public health advocates or politicalscience would have us believe. The question of ideological thinking is a longstanding and central concern in politicalscience. Disciplines like economics or politicalscience use disparate models to analyze monopoly, oligopoly, perfect competition, public goods, elections, coalition formation, and so on. We should have a member from politicalscience, but we don't; that's a hole in the program. Given this perspective, it does not offer an extensive engagement with broader theories of politicalscience or development economics. Indeed, what is assumed, or ignored, is much of the legitimate subject matter of politicalscience and sociology. These are standard criteria in the politicalscience literature. Brands also blithely ignores the mass of empirical politicalscience literature on public attitudes towards government. Finally, the books represent a multidisciplinary intersection, integrating the analyses of politicalscience, history and economics. At the centre of the book's argument is a commentary that would not be out of place in a work of politicalscience. There is, of course, a rich tradition of historical research in politicalscience. Yet, neither question is self-evident - at least not to many in the discipline of politicalscience. Not surprisingly, this book has generated large waves within the broad waters of political history and politicalscience. Politicalscience has not come to terms with the idea of electoral mandates. A long tradition within politicalscience has identified the importance of party mobilization efforts to voter turnout. Which theories of politicalscience are likely to be useful for examining mixed-member electoral systems? How can we reconcile this bifurcation between politicalscience and political reality? The approach is mainly descriptive and not analytical, explanatory or applying theoretical frameworks of politicalscience, sociology or other human sciences. In politicalscience, the task is more difficult, and requires either comparative analysis or the careful use of counterfactual scenarios. In politicalscience, where attention has centred on how different types of policies are diffused, this is particularly apparent. Of the hundreds of articles, few have appeared in the leading (or even the so-called second tier) politicalscience journals. This rather smacks of extracting the politics from politics - a perennial trait of politicalscience. The potential advantages which the research agenda it maps out offers for approaches to sub-national politics within politicalscience are numerous. Some politicalscience concepts treat society as given or as the dependent variable. The contributors come from varied backgrounds: economics, anthropology, ecology, politicalscience and forestry. A long tradition within politicalscience examines the impact of party canvassing on voter participation. In politicalscience, the theory of nationalism developed with no obvious connection to theories of postcolonialism and empire. A return to grand history within politicalscience, therefore, presumes the survival of a traditional style of political history-writing that covers the ground more closely. These important topics were, of course, more susceptible to prevailing theories and methods in politicalscience and international security. Similarly, in politicalscience many scholars have dropped down a level of analysis - from the nation-state to particular regions or communities,89 or individual-level data. Although this interpretation is hardly new, the pluralist reading of the essay remains persistently prominent in politicalscience literature. These four books were written predominantly by political scientists for a politicalscience audience. Electoral participation is one of the most widely studied topics in politicalscience. But that, too, seems unlikely: the utilization of personality typologies in politicalscience also substantially preceded biopolitics. Politicalscience principal-agent theory is based on the assumption of actors' bounded rationality and, as a consequence, incomplete contracts between principal and agent. The book takes an interdisciplinary approach, drawing on history, politicalscience, economics, law and sociology, as well as on interviews with witnesses and printed sources. The methodologies evolved in the history of political thought in recent decades have shown that the categories of politicalscience are not eternally applicable. The disciplines of history, sociology, anthropology and politicalscience have all witnessed the formation of human rights groups within their leading professional associations. He then uses secondary historical and politicalscience works to rebut each claim. The best work indicates the best place for politicalscience and political history - together. However, politicalscience or the law are not the only responses. Rational choice explanations in politicalscience, for example, commonly assume that agents are ideologically motivated. This transcends existing politicalscience theory about disadvantaged groups. In this respect, politicalscience is flying in the face of evidence provided by historians. His approach draws effectively on the relevant historical and anthropological literature, while remaining fundamentally a politicalscience analysis. Recent debates in the politicalscience literature have stressed the problems that face core executive actors. I have always placed in high esteem books in politicalscience that grasp the nature of a significant issue in explicit and concise terminology. Scholars in politicalscience continue to debate, however, the implications of low levels of factual knowledge about government. It is high time, however, to take comparative legislative turnover seriously as a continuing, not a sporadic, topic in politicalscience. There are many politicalscience time-series variables that would seem to fit this characterization. Images of highly informed individuals dominating public opinion are deeply entrenched in politicalscience. One is the extent to which biopolitics has established itself as a recognized 'field' within politicalscience. More rarely do we find analyses of international electoral connections in politicalscience. An enduring concern of politicalscience research is the extent to which electoral processes encourage political parties to respond to voters' preferences. Fortunately, there is a growing literature in politicalscience from which such a model can be drawn. Unfortunately, politicalscience has not yet seen a comprehensive take on personality. Others view it as a value-neutral process, the unproblematic subject of positive politicalscience. The reciprocity between the agenda of politicians and public opinion is a major theme in politicalscience. Recent work in politicalscience shows how framing used by a communication source constructs and defines a social or political issue for its audience. Politicalscience faces a number of anomalies that cannot be explained within our standard framework. For a much more aggregate actor, namely the legislator, politicalscience faces the same conceptual challenge. Thus, findings from these experiments challenged the core assumptions of microeconomics as well as those of public choice and rational choice theorists in politicalscience. According to a portrait of elections widely held in academic politicalscience, election outcomes depend on the 'fundamentals', especially peace and prosperity. Coalition governments have been a popular subject in the literature of politicalscience. In an attempt to put politicalscience in a wider context, some essays indicate the close connections between disciplinary trends and the needs of policymakers. The research teams represented different social science disciplines : geography, anthropology, economics, politicalscience and sociology. The bibliographical accumulation of a ' transitions ' literature acquired the status of an entire sub-field of study within politicalscience. Such an approach would represent an interesting future politicalscience research program. Path-dependent mechanisms underpin many of the most widely-cited arguments about sequencing in politicalscience. In terms of forecasting most major political changes, the situation in politicalscience increasingly appears to be similar to that of contemporary seismology. Recently, work in politicalscience regarding the understanding of constitutionalism illuminates the ongoing role of politics in giving meaning to constitutions. It also echoes current politicalscience and activist attention to 'economic racism'. And to say that these techniques are the standard in contemporary politicalscience is not stretching a point. The convenors seek papers from historians and from scholars in related disciplines such as politicalscience and international law. His work falls into the overlap between politicalscience, social choice theory and philosophy. The danger of uncritical borrowings by politicalscience from flawed history is now urgent. In addition, historical material is assembled by specialists in academic disciplines such as politicalscience and anthropology. While admitting that much empirical work remains to be done in this area, we can learn from the established literature in history and politicalscience. At one level, a major one, the monograph is a set of categories and subcategories of concepts from linguistics, social psychology, sociology and politicalscience. Much of the politicalscience literature insists on the use of coercive means, be it force or money, in the exercise of power. Politicalscience literature on agenda setting and policy selection offers a number of reasons why certain policy alternatives might be adopted. Consequently, it had not and could not achieve its professed objective of a truly scientific politicalscience. This is the second of a two-part survey of articles germane to politicalscience found in the leading economics journals in recent years. The formal politicalscience literature has gone some way towards addressing these concerns. In the long run, then, as politicalscience moves to keep pace with its sister disciplines, biopolitics will almost certainly achieve its basic intellectual objective. The study of coalition behaviour in parliamentary regimes constitutes one of the most dynamic research projects in politicalscience. The fact that coalition government is the norm rather than the exception across the world has encouraged a vast literature to develop in politicalscience. Comparative legislative turnover is a fundamental topic in the study of politicalscience, yet it has received little attention. Unfortunately, one can expect only limited help from politicalscience. Yet many of the most durable and well-proven propositions in politicalscience are probabilistic rather than deterministic. Recent politicalscience work contains suggestions that market pressure may have played a role in the implementation of regulation. Largely for this reason, numerical optimization is the most widely used of these three computationally intensive techniques in politicalscience today. Even within politicalscience the sub-specialisms often now have difficulty communicating with each other. In this he anticipated by twenty years the institutional turn of politicalscience, after behaviouralism had run its course in the 1970s. Diversity is necessary for good and useful politicalscience. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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