Examples of pneumatic

Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0
The main linear actuators of the pneumatic systems are cylinders.
The actuators are classified according to their energy sources: electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic.
The control software could harmonize both actions of pneumatic system and moving position of the robot, in different processes.
The present day humanoid robots are stiff-legged, have complex structures, and do not use energy restoring element like pneumatic hydraulic cylinders or mechanical springs.
The contact pressure between the drive wheels and the sphere is generated with pneumatic cylinders and regulated with solenoid valves.
Figure 12 shows the force output of the pneumatic cylinder during motion for a sinusoidal input.
Although the use of pneumatic power has been investigated,5 none have proven to be sufficiently successful to warrant further study.
A pneumatic clamping mechanism will be used to seal the system, allowing quick and unobstructed access to the chamber interior.
Hence, he defined these pneumatic substances by linking their present form with the modifying circumstance of their production.
Figure 17 illustrates the basic circuit of the pneumatic system.
Moreover, the actuation of the second proposed hand can be either pneumatic or electric.
Figure 7 depicts the deburring performance of the coordination controller designed for the robot with a single pneumatic tool.
The nature of the pneumatic pressure control unit are discussed and its implications on tracking precision.
Tracking errors are bounded within a maximum of a few degrees, which is a good achievement for a pneumatic system in a dynamic tracking application.
The activation of pneumatic valves is achieved with electricity.
The system comprises a cart that slides on the pneumatic rodless cylinder.
The unicycle like robot presents the advantages of high mobility, high traction with pneumatic tires, and a simple wheel configuration.
The odometry error model of the filter allows for variations in effective wheel separation required by pneumatic robot tyres.
The drug solutions were prepared from frozen aliquots of stock solution, dissolved in extracellular solution, and applied from seven-barrel pneumatic puffer pipettes.
A new active pneumatic tool was developed by physically integrating two pneumatic actuators, which implements double cutting action - initial cut followed by fine cut.
Pneumatic actuators are often adopted in applications requiring high power-to-weight ratio, combined with low price and clean operation.
The pneumatic energy is also very easy to store in containers in the form of compressed air that is generally available.
The bicycle craze of the 1890s was made possible in part because rubber pneumatic tires replaced solid tires, making bicycle riding more comfortable and popular.
Double solenoid proportional direction control valves were used to drive two double-acting pneumatic rodless cylinders.
Nowhere was this more obvious than in the field of pneumatic chemistry.
The sound of gears and motors or the escape of gas in a pneumatic system is therefore generally unwelcome.
Four th, pneumatic engineers usually use a company order catalog during design activity.
The graphic pneumatic connectivity diagram and cylinder image, for the easy and clear understanding, are also displayed with selected design specification of the pneumatic components.
An expert system for pneumatic design matic system that does feeding, clamping, and lifting operations.
As an alternative to pneumatic and servo grippers, vacuum and forklift versions are available.
The latter determines how quickly the cylinder fills with air and therefore dominates the behaviour of a pneumatic actuator.
The well-known fact that the dynamics of the pneumatic actuator varies with the piston position has also been experimentally demonstrated.
The well-known fact that the dynamics of the pneumatic actuator varies with the piston position has also been demonstrated experimentally.
A more elegant way to implement variable compliance is to use pneumatic artificial muscles, where the applied pressures determine stiffness.
Increasing or decreasing the mean pressure in this situation will result in more control activity and consequently pneumatic power consumption.
In simulation, three different tool configurations are considered: rigid, single pneumatic and integrated pneumatic tools.
As mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, and electronic parts are used in their design, this brings with it many sources of failures.
The spring was connected between the foot and the pneumatic cylinder.
The telescopic leg (pneumatic cylinder) functioned as an energy restoring as well as a ground interacting element.
Under the control of the pneumatic system, suction cups grip the solar cells.
They arranged the body and the leg such that it simultaneously functioned as a prismatic joint and an energy-storing element (pneumatic spring).
Pneumatic systems are likely to be the cheapest choice if they can have enough features for practical use.
Included suction cups open and close alternatively with the change of pneumatic pressure, so the manipulator can grasp objects.
With the piston position fixed, the electro-pneumatic valves supply the pneumatic cylinder chambers (constant volume for fixed position) with air.
Developments in pneumatics allow pneumatic actuators to be used in precision systems.
Control experiments have applied force and then position only controllers to the pneumatic robot.
The impedance controller with damping and stiffness has been experimentally implemented on all three degrees of the pneumatic robot.
Additionally, the pneumatic cylinder provides energy storage and progressive damping at the extremes of the gait cycle.
The robot consists of an adhesive dispensing mechanism, an auto-laydown mechanism, a pneumatic system and a control system.
Examples are the application in clutches, brakes, relays, loudspeakers, printers and as solenoid valves for pneumatic and hydraulic systems.
Because there is lack of consistent pneumatic design methods, pneumatic engineering tends to only fulfill the design function that leads to overdesign.
If you know how to say ephemeral or pneumatic, then you can find their spellings within 30 seconds.
Flows are divided into categories such as liquid flow, effort flow, or pneumatic air flow caused by pressure.
To commence the programming the hydraulic and pneumatic valves are set to positions for normal walking.
A pneumatic drive offers a number of advantages over the electromagnetic principle.
A new, pneumatic robotic hand, they say, is making its reputation because of its special grasping and holding abilities.
The pneumatic drives are also easy to connect.
The test arm on the machine can move upward and downward with pneumatic actuators.
The pneumatic components and the working principle of the components are explained in the next section.
The pneumatic cylinder is being widely employed as an important driving element in industrial applications due to its simple, cheap, and excellent performance.
Consequently, the proposed new pneumatic cart-seesaw system is straightforward to construct and direct to operate in different scenarios of performance.
Figure 1 illustrates the conceptual model of a pneumatic cart-seesaw system.
They realized that a sustained jumping motion was possible using a telescopic pneumatic leg and single pneumatic linear actuator.
We consider a pneumatic actuated multilink system which increases the control complexity.
Pneumatic artificial muscles have a high power-to-weight ratio which makes them suitable for legged robots.
A three degree-of-freedom pneumatic robot has been developed to apply physiotherapy to the upper limb.
As highlighted by [17], position-based impedance control (admittance control) is more appropriate for pneumatic systems.
Then, a new active tool is developed based on two pneumatic actuators, which utilizes double cutting action - initial cut followed by fine cut.
First, a mathematical model of a single pneumatic actuator is developed.
The key element of the unit is a constant force pneumatic actuator that provides the compaction force needed.
Youths are watching the model carriages moving along the new pneumatic railway.
Future work will address the difficulty problem of pneumatic systems.
The air supply to the cylinder was manipulated by an electro-pneumatic transducer that provided an air pressure proportional to the supply voltage.
We adopt the auto-dispensing method through a combination of pneumatic technology with robotics, which can promote high efficiency and precision.
The robot is actuated with pleated pneumatic artificial muscles, which have interesting characteristics that can be exploited for legged locomotion.
The combined pneumatic and hydraulic stance and swing phase device capable of 140 of flexion.
The mass of the links and pneumatic cylinder are considered as if they were rigidly attached.
Then, a control method was developed for the robotic deburring system based on the active pneumatic tool, which utilizes coordination of two cutters.
Traditionally, pneumatic actuators were considered to be only useful for end stop positioning (fully extended or contracted).
Three different types of pneumatic drives were implemented to use the degrees of freedom and allow the fingers to move.
The bubble-free bonding process is realized by the leaning mechanism of a pneumatic sucker.
Much of heuristic knowledge has been provided by one of the authors having experience with the pneumatic industry.
Heuristic knowledge is stored as rules and pneumatic catalog data are expressed as objects.
The other has limitless rotational movement, such as a pneumatic motor.
Pneumatic control valves regulate air temperature and pressure to ensure that pressure is not lost through bleed air control system.
In general, a rotary actuator with limited angle is used in a pneumatic system.
There are several difficulties and problems to resolve in pneumatic design.
Research about the constitution of pneumatic systems or design methods is rare.
The knowledge base is constructed by using handbook data and heuristic of pneumatic designer.
The installed pneumatic system uses common manifold block to treat the supply and exhaust line, so that we cannot compare the silencer specification directly.
One part consists of five giant 'zambombas' (lion roars), made of barrels, measuring 1.30 metres and played by pneumatic cylinders.
The electro-pneumatic valves have within them analogue circuitry that regulates the output pressure to be proportional to input voltage.
Options include mechanical instead of pneumatic grippers, bar code reader, label printer/ applicator and a choice of conveyor types including stainless steel versions.
There is a hollow wrist mechanism at the end of the arm where pneumatic and electrical services to end of arm tooling can be routed.
An analogy between a pneumatic actuator and a physiological muscle is proposed.
An analogy between a pneumatic actuator and a physiological muscle is first proposed.
Additionally, each finger has four degrees of freedom, eight independent strings and pneumatic cylinders.
A broad selection of pneumatic and servo-electric drives complete the package to address all positioning possibilities.
Decreasing these levels and increasing the bandwidth of the feedback controller will increase valve switching and consequently pneumatic energy consumption.
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.