| 词汇 | example_english_per-capita |
| 释义 | Examples of per capitaThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. Initial income percapita is measured by the logarithm of per-capita income in 1980. Rural percapita income is increasing by 5 per cent. For industrial wastewater, we observe a strong negative relationship between pollution and percapita income. The percapita income of industry owners is assumed to be same as that of non-users. At the national level, percapita net investment was positive in all years but one. No convincing evidence exists to link percapita natural resource demand with population size. Given a prior definition of sustainability, that of non-declining percapita human well-being, two main theories have been proposed. In general, percapita recruitment dropped precipitously through 2002 and was not compensated for by other demographic mechanisms, such as increased survival. Without adding state-level fixed effects, there is a clear negative relationship between annual per capita income and annual percapita air toxic emissions. An interesting question is how the inclusion of corruption affects the percapita income levels at which pollution levels attain their maximum. The only variables not associated with environmental performance in the multivariate models are percapita economic growth and nuclear power. In the past 25 years real percapita income growth has averaged 5.4 per cent per annum. The median percapita weekly household expenditure was higher in the urban than the rural region. These works regress a variety of measures of environmental quality against percapita income using time-series data, and find statistically significant relationships for many variables. And, even 50 years later, economic growth, or increases in percapita income remain the most important measure of development. The only fair allocation of the global environmental space is on a percapita basis. The rapid increase in cloth production per household or percapita implies that domestic weavers devoted an increasing proportion of their working hours to weaving. Average annual population growth during 1990-94 was estimated at 2.5 per cent and in 1994 percapita income was $200. In two scenarios, development is equated with economic growth, and vulnerability follows percapita income. The elements included in the average percapita urban income are urban wages and profits in the informal sector. To do this, we calculate the correlations between the initial percapita income levels and the subsequent scale, composition, and productivity effects. These dietary transitions are induced by the growth in percapita income and by the rapid migration of population to urban areas. The reduced-form effects of percapita income reflect the fact that income growth is accompanied by many changes in the economy and its institutions. Such relationships result in accelerating emissions after regions have surpassed a certain percapita income level. However, now the coefficient is negative, indicating that energy intensity of production is decreasing with rising percapita income. The economy shrunk, formal employment decreased, percapita income collapsed and poverty and infant mortality rose (pp. 78-9). A change in population density can be expected to alter the population's percapita growth rate. A significant and policy-relevant body of academic literature has argued that environmental damage begins to decrease once percapita income rises beyond a specific threshold. Three indicators are consistently positive with percapita income against expectations. Is it not normal, however, for people with a rising percapita income to be spending more on meat? In order to understand how these climate impacts affect countries of different income levels, we order countries by percapita income in 2100. Berkvens (1997) identified rural formal incomes as having the highest positive effect on percapita income and also the best insurance against risk. The level of percapita income is only an arithmetic mean. The general conclusions do not depend on whether the figures are presented on a per household or a percapita basis. Difference in infant mortality can be explained by difference in percapita income, in literacy rates, and in absolute poverty rates. This paper examines the relationship between percapita income and a wide range of environmental indicators using cross-country panel data sets. Using the former, exogenous assumptions about population growth and percapita economic growth are mapped into energy use requirements. At best, they include time trends to test for developments unrelated to percapita income. Municipal waste is estimated to increase monotonically with percapita income in the two studies to have examined it. Between 1977 and 1987, percapita income increased, decreased, and then increased again. The monthly percapita income has been used in logarithmic form in the estimation, and is self-explanatory. These changes in price are unlikely to be directly related to percapita income, but they may have important impacts on emissions. Due to the public-good characteristics of knowledge, percapita income can be expected to depend also on worldwide research and development. So, emissions are a function of percapita output relative to percapita abatement activities. This paper argues that the environmental degradation caused by the external negative effects of economic activity may give rise to increased percapita income. Figure 2 displays the development of rural and urban percapita income along with the change in deforestation. For diseases endemic to developing nations, their fraction of the disease burden will be more significant, though lessened by the weight of percapita income. Figures dealing with cur rent population, percapita income, and gross national product, are likely to become quickly outdated. In 1996 the annual percapita income was 5,364 yuan, which was an above average figure. This is important because different take-off dates imply very different levels of percapita income across economies once they all reach high-income steady state. As a proportion of percapita income, legislative income peaked in most states in 1961. Increases in national percapita income, as well as the massive influx of foreign visitors, stimulated the development of tourism. The effect of development aid is to permanently increase percapita income, by increasing productivity. As with sulphur dioxide, the results for nitrogen oxides provide evidence of a robust relationship between percapita income and emissions. The rural percapita income level (consisting of real wage income plus campesino share of profit) increases by 0.5 per cent. They shared her husband's pension (470 pesos, equivalent to £55 a month), and their percapita income was below the official poverty line (£45). The tax proceeds are redistributed equally to all consumers on a percapita basis. We assume that this more vulnerable climate response function applies to countries whose 2100 percapita income is less than $7,000. This can be seen from the data on real growth of percapita national product between 1900 and 1940. Table 1 which sets out average annual rates of growth in national income and percapita income during each of the two periods. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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