| 词汇 | example_english_parliament |
| 释义 | Examples of parliamentThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. The attempt to convey the moral illegitimacy of the government's and parliament's continuation of apprenticeship was fierce. However, instinct should be subject to cultural restraint and social intelligence, in international affairs just as in the ordinary world of police courts and parliaments. Despite these criticisms, the schedule readily passed all colonial parliaments. A second section discusses the contribution of parliaments in fostering government accountability. One way of checking on this is to see whether left-right positions of governments line up with their parliaments. To check this we investigate how accurately parliaments and governments represent the left-right position of the median voter in each of twenty parliamentary democracies. We have seen from the above that export expansions are robustly associated with a rising hazard of early elections as parliaments mature. Obviously, parliaments were ripe occasions for viceroys with monarchical pretensions to play out their fantasies. To illustrate the extent of parliament's acquiescence, it is instructive to compare the failure rate of enclosure legislation with that of non-enclosure legislation. Large estates permanently confiscated from great delinquents and fractions of estates taken from lesser offenders could be bought by parliament's supporters. Although its inclusion improves the fit of models, the lagged change in the inflation variable appears to be an artefact of two extremely short parliaments. The current complexion of parliaments shows the continued growth of professional legislators. First, parliaments are central to traditional normative concerns about democratic legitimacy and representation. The first section of the article outlined the emergence of parliaments as bourgeois institutions. Table 6 gives the coefficients for the pairs of coalitions over the five parliaments. Kings, not parliaments, had issued the charters on which their jurisdiction was based. The elite samples included two different sets of respondents: legislators from the national parliaments and administrators from the major governmental ministries. To link this dispute with a debate on the powers of parliament's unelected upper chamber was simply reckless." "! Under communism in the 1980s, quotas brought women's representation in parliaments to around 30 per cent. In a system such as this, parliament's hand is weakened while the president enjoys exclusive legislative powers of his own through executive decree. The standard errors reported in parentheses are adjusted for clustering on parliaments. Early elections are those that do not fall in the final quarter of a parliament's maximum term. The next section describes the main trends in party cohesion and competition across the five directly-elected parliaments. The city parliament's social and personal composition totally changed. Other sources of income, mainly assessment and excise taxes, proved insufficient to pay parliament's soldiers regularly and wages fell steadily in arrears throughout the conflict. The act also empowered the minister to extend decontrol, with parliament's approval, by periodically lowering the rateable value limits as the housing shortage eased. In place of noisy elections and turbulent parliaments, there had developed a less glamorous but more predictable means of conducting business. In this analytical framework, the effect of electoral performance on the member of parliament's standing within his party is not directly relevant. Why then did the ' prince bred up in parliaments ' so mismanage his first as king ? Table 6 shows nation-by-nation distortion, bias and responsiveness in the step from voters to parliaments. All models treat parliaments, defined as the periods between elections regardless of coalition composition, as subjects and use one of the two failure events. Elections that do not fall in the final quarter of a parliament's maximum tenure. However, parliaments invariably utilize these powers to the maximum extent possible, and far beyond anything that was originally intended in the initial transfer of authority. Finally, the article discusses what this theory means for our general understanding of how parliaments in democratic systems force constitutional designers to increase their powers. Delegations from the national parliaments (still) simply meet on an annual basis to discuss matters of common interest. Above all, it expects parliaments to adopt legislation and finalise budgets. The coefficients for the first and fifth parliaments are not significant once the effects of all other variables are taken into account. The first involves the step from elections to parliaments; the second involves the step from parliaments to governments. He did not seek a union of churches in the same, short-term timescale originally planned for a union of parliaments. He worried that the colonial parliaments might find it difficult to pass the schedule. Another possible obstacle would have been the involvement of national parliaments, which might also have challenged the position of indigenous peoples. How strong or how weak the power of these parliaments is, depends on the constitution of each country. In 1989 most of the central bank presidents were still accountable to their national parliaments. All policy decisions cannot be made by parliaments and those informal settings play a key role over a large number of policy issues. The parliaments opposed all, even the most useful reforms, which were in the bourgeoisie interest, if the interests of their own castes were affected. First, dening civil society in terms of formal associations, political parties, elections, parliaments, and a free press is ethnocentric and precludes truly comparative crosscultural studies. To be sure, the constitutional and legal maxima in other countries are frequently not achieved: parliaments may be, and frequently are, dissolved before, in legal terms, their time is up. In the study of the development of democratization at the domestic level, we have always assumed that unelected sovereigns have transferred powers to elected parliaments in response to public pressures. We speak of parliaments throughout. Everything to be said about parliaments applies equally well to any other kind of voting body whose members have complete, consistent, and deductively closed individual opinion states. The advice to this prince by his loyal subject is to listen to the counsel of worthy patriots and his parliaments rather than flattering and dangerous sycophants. The candidates selected have considerable bearing on the quality of a democracy, the groups represented in parliaments, and the issues that will be on the political agenda. Conventions of the estates were essentially 'creatures of the crown' (p. 136) and lacked the legitimacy and authority of full meetings of the estates, convened explicitly as parliaments. Finally, national government representatives are accountable to their national parliaments, since these can be used as a strategic arena in which governments compete with opposition parties for votes. He was ideal for the new role, since what was required was not merely intelligence from politically astute men like himself, but polished prose for parliament's newspapers. Still, if governments do line up with parliaments along a left-right dimension, the matching alignments would have to be considered evidence in favour of the thesis. The left-most column reports our distortion results for parliaments in relation to voters. Both these parliaments were extremely short. As with the delegation of powers to independent courts, regulators and central banks, the delegation of legislative and executive appointment powers to elected parliaments tends to be one-way traffic. The conclusion that right-leaning parliaments are more likely to increase expenditure increments substantiates others' arguments that the liberal right does not undertake to reform pensions through budgetary cuts. Considerable discrepancies between the expected role and practical performances are identified and the study further identified a number of problems that severely hinder parliament's accountability function. The only other approach to the institutionalisation of security reform was to secure approval by two consecutive parliaments, and this depended upon the results of the 1994 general elections. If the members of the county committees were corrupt and grasping, they were neither very efficient nor effective in making good parliament's claim to confiscated lands. Unwilling to concede to the loftier positions acquired by parliament's followers, much less their assumption of the right to levy penalties, royalists fought back with lawsuits. Finally, parliaments were rarefied arenas, embroiling those elected to them in procedures, spaces, techniques, networks, factions, and contingent issues that necessarily distanced representatives from their representative source. Attitudes toward governments, parliaments, the executive, the legal system and police, the state bureaucracy, political parties and the military. They constitute important contributions to the growing literature on political economics by focusing on the role of parliaments in the strengthening of accountability in government financial management. We know how the will of states is measured: it is decided by parliaments. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English They are absolutely hungry for information in order that they can be more effective in their parliaments. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Their directly elected representatives – the parliaments – or even the cabinet offices and national governments? From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English We also note that, in all democratic countries, the role of national parliaments in foreign policy follows particular rules. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English An added benefit is that the national parliaments can bring their governments to book. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English We can draw parallels with most national parliaments. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English If such a method is to be applied, it must be a convention for the national parliaments who are to discuss the treaty. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Moreover, a convention has the advantage that the national parliaments can take part as well. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English We want to see a bigger role for national parliaments, on a systematic and constructive basis. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English I have taken steps to try to inform myself as to the equivalence that exists among governments and among national parliaments. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English As elected members of our national parliaments, we represent our electorate and this must be reflected in all votes. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English They recognise the important role of national parliaments, but reject the argument for a further second chamber. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Competence in the legislative and budgetary fields, and in the area of national control, belongs to national parliaments. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Consequently, in future we must see national parliaments as standing at the centre of the decision-making process, rather than on the periphery. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English The national parliaments can and must monitor their national governments better and more effectively than before. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English To put it simply, the national parliaments let their government get on with things and complain afterwards. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English The involvement of the national parliaments is obviously to be welcomed. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Are not the other nations presumably also entitled to discuss the issue either in their parliaments or in the particular way they have chosen to? From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English No doubt we will revisit the subject after consultation with our national parliaments and citizens' groups. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Furthermore, the democratic oversight of national intelligence services is, in any case, primarily a matter for national parliaments. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English What is very important in these rounds – as their failure demonstrated – is the need for greater involvement of the parliaments in the negotiations. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English We are nonetheless of the opinion that it is the national parliaments and the regional authorities that should, essentially, be dealing with this pressing issue. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English We believe that it is necessary to involve national parliaments too. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Instead, there should, for example, be an increase in democracy through the return of power to the national parliaments. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English I believe that this issue is ultimately one regarding which the national parliaments should take any legislative measures that may be necessary. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Any solution will depend especially on teaching respect for other people and on intensive cooperation between governments, parliaments and non-governmental organisations. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English The more we can do to help women and parliaments to develop, the better. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English You said nothing about the way in which parliaments are being circumvented. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English We know that we cannot achieve all this by ourselves but must have the close collaboration of national parliaments. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Allow the national parliaments to vote on the annual legislation programme. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English As regards subsidiarity, we have ensured that the national parliaments are more involved. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English In the same way, many of the amendments tabled are issues for the national parliaments to deal with. From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English Has the role of national parliaments been weakened? From Europarl Parallel Corpus - English These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
反思网英语在线翻译词典收录了377474条英语词汇在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用英语词汇的中英文双语翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。