| 词汇 | example_english_norm |
| 释义 | Examples of normThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. A prospective cohort study comparing patients' quality of life before and after surgery with age-related population norms. Furthermore, many of these instruments have had their psychometric properties extensively assessed and have general and clinical population norms with which to compare a result. Therefore, we now give some examples of generalised norms and level mappings. They are usually defined based on (generalised) norms. The specificity of the society's customs and norms required certain methods of examination and scientific approaches. The novel consistently foregrounds the power of gossip and public opinion to enforce communal norms and punish individual transgressions. As this example shows, the interdependence of moral and intellectual traits opened a channel through which social norms and cultural values could flow. The norms of a certain kind of experimental practice were now equated with the essential structure of the social reality to be investigated. Often, we conceptualize institutions in terms of their effects - how rules, norms, and cognitive shortcuts constitute and constrain actors' behavior. In order to apply technology for the benefit of patients, we must conform to certain norms and follow specific procedures. In addition, contemporary social norms, social classes and subjective perceptions should also be considered. The anti-noble thrust of the new penal norms was clearly worded by the magistrates. They were far from being perfect embodiments of the norms they propounded. Texts about animals, insects, and the simplest forms of life shaped views on the organization of mind, gender, and social norms. My aim is merely to allay worries about holding ethical theories answerable to moral norms in the way that my present proposal does. All who deviated from gendered norms received vitriolic charges of breaking essential gender codes. Such an insight certainly applies to colonial situations, which included gender norms imposed from outside as well as various and competing indigenous values and practices. As described earlier, some foraging bands maintain norms of widespread meat sharing, contingent on the contribution of some meaningful productive work that may benefit others. In each of the cases cited above, the norms of fixed textual procedures are used as foils. Perhaps our current norms do not track risk closely enough. Moreover, even if citizens firmly support liberal democratic norms, they may believe that the actions of the current regime do not fulfil those norms. I then take up two further proposals for identifying productivity: linguistic norms and usefulness. The five areas are: schools as organisations, group management, the establishment of school values and norms, consistency, and pupils' acceptance of norms. Judged against government norms, this amount of residential provision can be considered relatively modest for a district with a population of 260,000. Much of adult socialisation is equally informal and unintentional, deriving from informal norms developed within groups. The latter had developed the view that" social norms are constitutive rather than merely regulative of human nature before he was influenced by psychoanalytic theory". At the same time, there are other groups operating at the second level of influence on norms. The technical term for this engraving of linguistic norms is" codification". Literary theorists are hence preoccupied with securing a legitimate logical space for fiction and not with establishing "norms" of truthful and valid assertions. Such norms, for speaking, are typically based on a prestige dialect, and for writing, on the literary tradition of the culture. Ideas of military efficiency were reconstructed according to the norms of industrial efficiency from this point on. Material culture for him represented a reflection of shared norms held in the individual minds of past people. There are similar bounds in other norms, but we do not go into details. The chief reason is that each sphere of exchange is associated with a particular set of norms and values. Concepts are partly shaped by cultural experiences and social norms. As in that sample, rates were substantially lower than national norms for high-income sixth grade youth in the current study. The implication is not whether agents use norms, but rather which norms these are and how they are used. Internalization, in this socialization approach, involves making external social norms internal. There is also no evidence for success of rational norms when applied to real life decisions. To some extent, linguistic focusing and diffusion are products of a society's world-view, of its beliefs about itself, of its cultural norms. Our work together - as co-conductors rather than master-apprentice conductors - certainly brought into question a number of assumptions and norms from our profession. Five children were within the lower quartile of the national norms in both follow-ups. The present task, however, required more than straight word substitutions; it also required that the subjects violate a number of grammatical norms. A challenge for the future is to update the instrument by developing new norms. If other group members could never be wrong in affirming their own norms, then tolerance would be an empty virtue. From this perspective, cultural competence in the area of informed consent requires more than sensitivity to language and social norms. Other paradigms exist in traditions in which precision in the law is created by conversational norms. However, each case will lead to a different weighting of those norms and values. Second, it is also important to understand how and why particular norms emerge. First, the moral norms of fetal personhood in a particular community must be described. The providers of healthcare - whether physicians, drug manufacturers, or insurers - can, by contrast, be addressed straightforwardly by moral and legal norms. If we did not think that some beliefs and norms were better than others, then there would be nothing left for us to tolerate. According to the norms, to achieve this level participants must answer affirmatively more than 80% of the 23 questions included in the questionnaire. Faced with this reality, families made the decision to give individual choice priority over social norms and ended up curtailing their fertility. From these we can make some inferences on the occurrence of norms and phenomena, but it is not possible to say anything about their frequency. Ridicule followed sermonizing as the favoured method of defining elite norms. To make the case against capital punishment, one must appeal to wider moral and political norms. The other guidelines exhibit a similar variety of values, norms, and principles. To supplement this objectivist sociological view of age norms and life phases, the biographic self-interpretations of subjects are considered. Fertility is therefore often the feature that is targeted by explicit policy and the demographic measure that is probably most influenced by social norms. The base-case scenario represents a situation where legislated emission norms are met at all emission sources. Besides, since the existing legal culture expresses certain values and norms, government is inevitably involved in shaping norms. Governments and social norms shape the land tenure regimes that determine how far ahead farmers will risk investing in higher productivity. The need for market transactions depends on the efficiency of social and cultural norms to facilitate cooperation and endowment allocations across different parties. In addition, children may differ in the breadth of reaction norms. Similarly, it seems likely that respondents' reports regarding their commitment to cultural norms and activities would be relatively independent of their emotional state. In contemporary society, there are strong social norms against such envy. More interestingly, participants and observers might well have been internally conflicted over the appropriate norms. We have described the general structure of norms. First, the fact of our socialization does not per se provide a basis for treating social norms as normative principles of independent weight. Such norms appeal to us both because of their internalization and related social reinforcement and also because of their practical value in guiding our lives. A crucial task for social policy is then to increase information about existing norms, making content and scope explicit. The first interesting issue here concerns the account of norms. We then turn to norms, culture, and beliefs. Moreover, the volume of a parallelogram is always bounded by the product of the norms of the corresponding edges. A significant linertemperature interaction, although less pronounced, indicated that the reaction norms are not parallel and exhibit slightly different shapes. The information inherent in continuous reaction norms seems not, however, to have been systematically exploited in artificial selection programmes. All four hypotheses can be extended to test the effects of different genetic components, additive and additiver additive, on two-dimensional reaction norms. Using this, we now construct realizable sequences whose products have 'small' norms. If only the norms are discrepant and the number and nature of dimensions are the same, comparisons of individuals may be possible. Often "norms" serve as benchmarks for determining whether behaviors and abilities are at, below, or above average. Another challenge is developing norms for younger age levels. There could be no guarantee that those espousing respectable norms and practices would behave as they might be expected to. The possibility exists that delinquent norms were changed by the counselling. The criminal laws of all countries reflect their cultural norms in outlawing such conduct. In the current study, raw scores were converted to age-adjusted, standardized scores based on the published norms. The historian must also contend with the existence of a third filter, that of time and altered cultural norms. A point is reached when rising numbers of youth are no longer willing to conform to traditional social norms. The regime respects social "protected spaces," and obeys constitutional norms. Turning many of these elements to its own favor, the government successfully manipulated tribal structures and norms to consolidate its power. Rather, what is being described here is a backpacking culture, replete with its own language, sartorial norms, popular music, and modes of socialization. Governments in the region have strong incentives to adhere to international norms and changes. Results from field studies that do not adhere to accepted statistical norms are not reliable. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
反思网英语在线翻译词典收录了377474条英语词汇在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用英语词汇的中英文双语翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。