| 词汇 | example_english_neutral |
| 释义 | Examples of neutralThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. In the face of war the governments of the northern neutrals deemed it necessary to buttress their own military defences. An immediate record of achievement won over many neutrals and doubters. One of the most critical issues for these sources is charge exchange in the extraction gap from neutrals leaking from the plasma chamber. Here is the collision frequency for each charged species, which we assume to be due primarily to collisions with neutrals. We consider a weakly ionized dusty plasma composed of electrons, singly charged ions, negatively charged dust grains and neutrals. The obstructed discharge in low operating gas pressure produces a monochromatic beam owing to little interactions of electrons with neutrals. One now needs to add the repulsive force related to the momentum taken by the neutrals leaving the dust particle to the attractive force. The inertia forces of the ions are assumed to be small in comparison with that of the dust grains and neutrals. Electrons are generated by ionization of neutrals and emission at the cathode, and depleted by electron attachment of gas molecules. The plasma is generated by electron impact ionization, where high-energy electrons collide with and ionize neutrals, creating secondary electrons and ions. The technique is simple to describe, easy to implement, works for both neutrals and ions, and has a number of advantages over other methods. The neutrals are also dragged owing to collisions with the ions. However, because the molecular cloud contains a lot of neutrals as well as some ions, ambipolar diffusion occurs within the cloud. The number density depends on the mass of the neutrals, which are mainly nitrogen molecules. Angular distributions of silver ions and neutrals emitted in vacuum by laser ablation. The solid curve refers to dust, dotted curve to ions, and dashed curve to neutrals. Here the results are used, neglecting the collisions with neutrals, to investigate the streaming instability resulting from a relative plasma-dust drift in a dusty plasma. The bright circle in the upper left corner is formed by neutrals and energetic photons are moving along the axis of the spectrometer. A closer look at any of the above conditions reveals that the relative streaming between ions and neutrals is of paramount importance. In the absence of neutrals this appear s to be possible only if the temperature of ions exceeds the electron temperature. Then, electrons now carry the major part of the energ y, while the energ y possessed by the neutrals becomes negligible. Retaining collisions between ions and neutrals in the model will not change the instability criterion. Therefore, as a rule, the neutrals formed by surface recombination cause only a negligible correction of the interaction force, which is mainly due ion impact. In the presence of collisions with neutrals, adiabatic flow is not strictly true, but it does serve as a reasonable approximation. A multifluid approach involving electrons, ions of different atomic masses and neutrals is adopted, where each species is treated separately. What 'energy from the field' process would produce neutrals with energies two orders of magnitude higher than those of the electrons in the plasma? Their explanation is that fast neutrals are additionally excited by collisions with electrons. The knowledge of effective collision frequencies for encounters between electrons and heavy particles (neutrals and ions) is also of interest. Since the charged particles recombine on the dust-particle surface, they can finally leave the dust particles as neutrals. The dynamics of such a system is essentially controlled by the neutrals, with the ions and electrons being treated as inertia-less [9, 10]. Therefore, since the elastic collision frequency between ions and neutrals is nearly constant, we do not consider the energy transport equation for the ion fluid. As long as the disk material (dust, neutrals, and charged particles) is moving radially, the proposed current and magnetic field generation mechanism will be sustained. Then the recycled neutrals have a large probability of being back-scattered to the plates before they are ionized. The collision frequency of each species is assumed to be due primarily to collisions with neutrals. We see similar convection patterns for the neutrals. The velocity of the neutrals is very similar to that of the dust. The difference in flow velocity between dust and neutrals can provide us with a measure of this heating. In the next section we develop the governing equations for the plasma in the presence of crossed electric and magnetic fields, including collisions with neutrals. The cross-section for inelastic collisions of neutrals with electrons is sometimes very large owing to the physical properties of molecules, including resonant behaviour. The micrometer-sized charged dust grains and neutrals are supposed to be stationary. Owing to disparate temporal scales, ions and neutrals have been described by a set of time-dependent equations while electrons are considered in a steady state. All of these constraints are softened when neutrals determine the mean free path since they do not influence the dust long-range interaction appreciably. Once the war broke out, the military followed its traditional instincts and turned to allies and neutrals with requests for supplies and technology. A declaration is however usual for the purpose of giving notice to neutrals on whom a state of war imposes obligations. The ions and the neutrals are coupled through collisions. The effect of the electron impact ionization collisions of neutrals has been neglected. Now we more closely investigate the peculiarities of the damping due to the friction between ions and neutrals. Furthermore, we neglected the collisions between the electrons with neutrals. Nevertheless, in some situations the influence of the neutrals created by recombination should be taken into account. The usual behaviour of neutrals is neither elastic reflection nor total absorption by dust particles. The additional force of dust interaction is found to be due to the neutrals created by recombination of charged plasma particles on the surface of dust particles. The high value of the ratio indicates a substantial predominance of the first ionized atoms with respect to the neutrals in the direction of the normal to the target surface. In addition, we have shown that magnetic reconnection can lead to dust particle heating without requiring the plasma to be significantly heated (through aerodynamic drag between dust and neutrals). The instrument detects neutrals and charged particles depending on the filament state (with filament "on" neutrals and ions are both detected while with filament "off" only ions are detected). The conditions (11) allow one to consider the relatively cool and dense plasma of lower layers of flare atmosphere with a certain small percentage of neutrals as being fully ionized. Other neutrals can be absorbed by dust particles for a certain residence time and then leave the dust particle with a thermal distribution corresponding to the dust surface temperature. The disper sion properties of low-frequency electromagnetic waves in a partially ionized multi-ion dusty magnetoplasma containing electrons, ions of two different species, charged dust particles and neutrals have been investigated. The first peak, corresponding to the higher velocity, may be attributed to the ionic species and that of the second peak being slow corresponds to the neutrals. With this process, the neutrals carry a fraction of the momentum of the incoming ions and thus prevent the ion flux from increasing in the divertor. The treatment of the problem requires a kinetic model rather than a fluid description due to fact that the plasma scale length is comparable to the mean-free-path of neutrals. The process most probably responsible for the variations in the charge of metal ions is the charge exchange of these ions with gas neutrals in the discharge gap. However, the excitation level of neutrals depends on the electron density and temperature in the plasma. What do they care about them, and what do neutrals care about them? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 There are other reasons why we cannot rely entirely upon the neutrals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Many people in the world are under that delusion, and many neutrals are under it. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 They told me that all the shareholders were neutrals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We put in the first place the maintenance of an efficient blockade, and, subject to that, we put the minimisation of inconvenience to neutrals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 If you are going to exercise it timidly, hesitatingly, and ineffectively you will not even then avoid friction with neutrals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 If they contain lies, those lies will be known to neutrals whatever we do. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 As neutrals, the matter does not affect us so vitally. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Consider what the position is as regards the neutrals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 No, we had to consider the position of the great neutrals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Does he think we could ignore the great neutrals who stood outside the war? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Could he also take this opportunity of clarifying the neutrals' proposals with regard to international verification? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 There are no neutrals where there are no activists. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Is there any control at all of the freights which are paid to the neutrals? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Such parcels belong to neutrals or indeed to our own countrymen or in certain cases, maybe, to the ex-enemy. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 If it was wanted to exclude neutrals only, why was it not so drawn? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 In this connection the point was raised of the three ships now being built for neutrals in this country. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The other thing that we are anxious to do is to protect the legitimate rights of neutrals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 What is the use of making representations to neutrals? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We have adopted many means of preventing raw cotton which goes out to neutrals passing into the hands of the enemy. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 There is no specific affidavit prescribed for neutrals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 There are no neutrals in this spiritual war. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 On the high seas neutrals have rights, and must have rights. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I suggest that whether these neutrals are friendly to us or not should make no difference on this side of the war. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I would emphasize, however, that those difficulties will be reduced to the extent to which neutrals take advantage of the facilities provided for them. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Therefore, we may very carefully consider whether the ratification of this instrument would injure us and at the same time injure neutrals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 We will be worse off as neutrals if this treaty is ratified in respect of foodstuffs as conditional contraband. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 What was good for us as belligerents is good for others as neutrals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The only part affected in any way is that part which comes in neutrals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 What has happened to induce this country, which has always declared that neutrals ought not to be destroyed, to recede from that position? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 There are those who think that the rules will not sufficiently protect neutrals. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 Our interests as neutrals and our profits as neutrals are the interests and profits of the few. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 His argument was that the rights of neutrals would be better protected by the international tribunal than by the tribunal of a particular belligerent. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The interests of neutrals are, indeed, the same as our own. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The problem of the neutrals has already been referred to. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 They centre round the most important practical question affecting the rights of neutrals, namely, the right of search. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 What did he say about our position as neutrals? From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 I think it was he who talked about putting pressure upon neutrals which gave hospitality to these vessels. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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